【藥事知多D】止嘔藥知多D：Aprepitant

藥罐子相信沒有多少人會喜歡服藥，更加相信沒有多少人會喜歡服化療藥。
　　
這也難怪。相較而言，化療藥的副作用實在較多、較大、較廣。

那哪一種副作用較可怕呢？
　　
首先說到化療藥，常見的副作用主要是骨髓抑制(Myelosuppression)、口腔黏膜炎(Oral Mucositis)、脫髮(Alopecia)、噁心、嘔吐(Nausea & Vomiting)、腹瀉(Diarrhoea)、不育(Infertility)等等。
　　
唔……不用問，當然是不育。
　　
還有一個，恐怕是噁心、嘔吐吧？
　　
為什麼？
　　
說到底，「不育」是化療藥的後果，而「噁心、嘔吐」則是化療藥的過程，甚至前夕……
　　
這話怎麼解？
　　
其實真正的可怕並不在這些副作用所帶來的痛苦，而在這些副作用所產生的恐懼……
　　
首先說到噁心、嘔吐，依照發生時間的長短，一般可以分為兩種，主要如下：
　　
第一，急性嘔吐(Acute Emesis)，發生在化療24小時內。
　　
第二，延遲性嘔吐(Delayed Emesis)，發生在化療24小時後。
　　
除此之外，不說不知道，跟其他副作用不同，要是一些用藥者過往在接受化療期間曾經出現噁心、嘔吐，這些經歷便可能會在用藥者的心裡蒙上一層揮之不去的陰影，在心理上，便可能會產生一種無形的恐懼，一朝被蛇咬，十年怕草繩，從而在準備接受化療前，單是看這些化療藥，連碰都不用碰，便已經開始嘔吐，稱為預期性嘔吐(Anticipatory Emesis)。
　　
簡單說，單是這種恐懼，就算不服藥，便已經能夠誘發噁心、嘔吐。
　　
你們說，可不可怕？
　　
好！要是這種化療而導致的噁心、嘔吐(Chemotherapy-induced Nausea and Vomiting, CINV)，其中一種止嘔藥便是Aprepitant。
　　
在藥理上，Aprepitant是一種NK1受體拮抗劑(NK1 Receptor Antagonist)，主要透過阻斷P物質(Substance P)來改善化療而導致的噁心、嘔吐。
　　
不過Aprepitant一般不會孤軍作戰，大多會搭配其他藥一同使用，主要是類固醇（例如Dexamethasone）、選擇性血清素再回收抑制劑(Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors, SSRIs)（例如Dolasetron、Granisetron、Ondansetron、Palonosetron），兵分三路，三路夾擊，用來預防這種化療而導致的噁心、嘔吐。

（如欲了解更多用藥資訊，歡迎看看「小小藥罐子」網誌。）

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【當造水果】芒果是屬於夏天的味道

⭐以為青芒果未熟？
⭐青黃芒果是兩個不同品種
#星期一踢走BlueMonday

青芒果 vs 黃芒果
夏天到處都見到芒果的蹤影，金黃色澤、軟綿多汁的口感有誰不愛？且慢！有時看到青皮芒果是未熟透嗎？青芒果及黃芒果是兩個品種，青芒果外青內黃，果肉口感較爽脆，味道帶微酸，較適合做沙律、冷盤；而黃芒果果肉軟綿，味道較甜膩，多直接吃或做甜品及飲品。
不少人以為芒果「濕熱」，食材本身不會「濕熱」，「濕熱」是指人體致病的原因及體質；芒果性熱且肥甘黏膩，助濕生痰，故容易令體質偏熱人士增加「濕、熱」症狀，然而芒果有益胃、止嘔、止暈、解渴、利尿的作用，配合體質適量進食就可以享受芒果的滋味了。

芒果 — 性熱，具益胃、止嘔、止暈、解渴、利尿作用。多種原因造成的頭暈皆可食用芒果紓緩症狀；適合慢性氣管炎咳嗽、氣喘患者食用；皮膚敏感及過敏體質患者須謹慎食用。糖尿病患者不宜進食。

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Green mango vs Yellow mango
It is not difficult to find shops selling mangoes during summer, and it is an absolute delight to indulge in the sweet and juicy fruit. We often think a green mango is an unripe mango, but that is not always the case.

Green mangoes and yellow mangoes are actually two different varieties. Green mangoes have green skin but yellow flesh. Its flesh is crunchier and more sour in taste, and they are suitable to be used in salad and cold dishes. Yellow mangoes, on the other hand, are softer and sweeter, and they are often used in desserts or consumed directly.

Many people believe mangoes are ‘damp and hot’ in nature, but the term ‘damp heat’ is in fact used to describe the body constitution and the cause of illness. Since mangoes are warm in nature and are sweet and sticky, they can easily cause dampness to accumulate in the body and cause phlegm. Hence, individuals with a heat related body may experience damp heat symptoms.

Nonetheless, mangoes are good for the stomach, can relieve nausea and dizziness, quench thirst, and induce urination. We should be able to enjoy mangoes by consuming an appropriate amount of the fruit based on our body constitution.

Mango - Hot in nature. It can nourish stomach, relieve vomiting and dizziness, relieve thirst and promote diuresis. Dizziness caused by various reasons could be relieved by eating mango. It is suitable for those with chronic bronchitis cough or asthma. Those with skin allergy and sensitive body type should eat less. It is not suitable for diabetic patients.

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#男 #女 #濕熱

【熱氣退散】按穴位有助消暑？

⭐按穴要每天持之以恆
⭐配搭清熱茶療效果更佳
#星期二提升正能量

消暑穴位散走熱氣
夏天消暑方法一般從衣著及飲食著手，其實按揉穴位亦有消暑作用。如見到有人中暑感暈眩，宜立即按揉其人中穴，有助疏通氣血、平衡陰陽、提升血壓，以大約半秒至一秒按一下的頻率按揉至患者甦醒，並將之送院治理。如果作為平日消暑保健用途，推介你按揉以下五大穴位，每個穴位以大拇指用力打圈按揉約20秒，有助加速血液循環、促進身體熱氣排出，達到消暑效果。

百會穴
位置：頭頂正中線前髮際後5寸處，約兩耳尖直上頭頂中央。
功效：醒腦開竅、恢復精力，紓緩頭痛、頭暈、肩膀酸痛等症狀

內關穴
位置：前臂掌側，手腕橫紋向手肘方向2寸（約3隻手指位）
功效：寬胸止嘔、止暈、寧心安神

外關穴
位置：手背朝上，從腕關節中央往手肘處約2寸（約3隻手指位）
功效：消炎止痛，紓緩耳鳴、落枕、高血壓等症狀

曲池穴
位置：手肘外側，肘彎起後橫紋盡頭的凹陷處
功效：清熱袪風、涼血潤燥

湧泉穴
位置：在足底，屈足捲趾時足心凹陷處
功效：滋陰養腎、強精益髓

✔️CheckCheckCin 美茶推介：熱氣
材料：雞蛋花、胎菊、白花蛇舌草
功效：清熱解毒，紓緩口臭、多眼垢、目赤眼乾、煩躁易怒、小便短赤或偏黃。

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Acupoints to clear heat
We tend to relieve heat through the clothes we wear and the foods we eat, but massaging the right acupoints can do the trick too.

If we encounter anyone suffering from a heatstroke, we can massage his or her ‘Ren Zhong’ acupoint, as it promotes the circulation of qi and blood, balance the yin and yang, and increase the blood pressure. Massaging the acupoint every half a second or so can help the individual regain his or her consciousness. Do send the patient to the hospital for immediate treatment as well.

To relieve heat on regular days, here are five acupoints for you to massage with your thumb in a circulation motion for about 20 seconds. This can help promote blood circulation, and in turn, dissipate heat from the body.

Bai Hui Point
Location: 5 inches behind the anterior hairline along the median line of the head, around the intersection of the line connecting the apexes of the two auricles
Benefits: stimulates the brain, restores energy, and relieves headache, dizziness, and soreness on the neck and arms

Neiguan Point
Location: on the palmar side of the forearm; 2 inches above the transverse crease of the wrist
Benefits: relieves chest discomfort, nausea, and dizziness, and calms the mind

Waiguan Point
Location: on the back of the palm, 2 inches proximal to the dorsal crease of the wrist
Benefits: relieves pain, inflammation, tinnitus, stiff neck, and hypertension-related symptoms

Qu Chi Point
Location: the exterior of the elbow, on the lateral end of the transverse cubital crease
Benefits: clears the heat and dispels wind in the body, cools the blood and relieves dryness

Yong Quan Point
Location: the sole of the foot, the dent area when the foot and toes curl
Benefits: replenishes the yin, nourishes the kidney, and strengthens the body

✔️CheckCheckCin Healing Tea Recommendation: Very hot (qi)
Ingredients: Plumeria, chrysanthemum bud, spreading hedyotis
Effects: Clears heat and detoxifies. Relieves bad breath, frequent eye discharge, red and dry eyes, frequent loss of temper, scanty or yellowish urine.

Welcome to order through our website:
www.checkcheckcin.com

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#男 #女 #我疲憊 #頭痛 #頭暈

前幾天指揮中心拿出一個表格比較各種疫苗之間的好壞，本意是想說AZ其實好棒棒所以大家不用擔心。但結果表格內容我看了一看之後發現結果MODERNA表現最差，每個不良反應比例都比AZ高，那你買五百萬劑還宣傳個半天幹嘛?

但我還是耐心解釋一下，這張表格做錯了，會導致民眾有錯誤的理解。

第一， 疫苗只要過了三期以後，真正致死的機率並不高，重點在於防護力好嗎?防護力低，副作用再低也沒有達到效果啊。不然喝符水好不好?沒甚麼防護力，但也沒有副作用啊?把這個副作用拿出來比較真的沒有意義啦~~~談戀愛有沒有可能被劈腿，難道你就不談戀愛嗎?

第二， 這裡列出來的表格其實是不良反應或是不良事件中的各種症狀的比例，表格做得好像有一半的人打了會有這些反應，這不是嚇死人?所謂的Adverse Event不良事件是在施用藥物產品的患者或臨床研究受試者中發生的任何不利的醫學事件，並且不一定與該治療有因果關係。因此，不良事件可以是與藥品的使用暫時相關的任何不利的和意外的跡象，症狀或疾病，無論是否與藥品有關。參加臨床試驗的患者的AE必須報告給研究發起人，必要時可以報告給當地倫理委員會。【來自維基百科】

第三， 三期實驗的狀況跟實際上臨床的狀況又不一樣啊~~~實驗歸實驗，現實世界的運作回報不良反應的機制有所不同，不是真的很嚴重到回診，其實醫師根本就不會知道，也就不會回報啊，所以要看實際接種的反應才比較準啊。

像是ADZ的這份資料是來自於WHO的三期實驗報告整理: AZD1222 vaccine against COVID-19 developed by Oxford University and Astra Zeneca: Background paper (draft)，有五十二頁大家可以自己去看看，但實驗的內容其實是去年的三期實驗了，不是實際注射之後的結果。

我推薦大家看的是美國的CDC所推出來的疫苗施打第一個月報告，二月十九日出版，熱燙燙非常新。First Month of COVID-19 Vaccine Safety Monitoring — United States, December 14, 2020–January 13, 2021。是他們實際施打疫苗一個月，一千三百萬劑之後的結果，實際上會有不良反應的比例非常低啊，大家不要自己嚇自己~~~

美國接種13794094劑，ADVERSE EVENT:總數6,994，占比0.000506，萬分之五點零六九。輕微不良反應的有6354，0.0004606，萬分之四點六零六，其中22.4%是頭痛，16.5%是疲倦，16.5%是暈眩。

嚴重不良反應的有640人。0.00004639，十萬分之四點六三九，其中回報的死亡案例有113件，其中有78件是在長照機構裡面的成員。

還給你原文夠不夠意思The most frequently reported adverse reactions were injection site tenderness (63.7%), injection site pain (54.2%), headache (52.6%), fatigue (53.1%), myalgia (44.0%), malaise (44.2%), pyrexia (includes feverishness (33.6%) and fever ＞38°C (7.9%)), chills (31.9%), arthralgia (26.4%) and nausea (21.9%). The incidence of subjects with at least one local or systemic solicited event after any vaccination was highest on day 1 following vaccination, decreasing to 4% and 13 %, respectively, by day 7. The most common systemic solicited AEs at day 7 were fatigue, headache and malaise.

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#超巨大鴕鳥鞭 #台灣第一人 #油炸系列

上次老人炸鴕鳥睪丸
這次來炸鴕鳥鞭（哈哈哈
有人有嘗試過鴕鳥鞭嗎？
歡迎跟老人分享

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heitansheshi@gmail.com

Benefits I've found with CBD
♡ Eases Pains/aches (can be used for menstrual cramps)
♡ Helps relax
♡ Eases nausea and headache from hangover
♡ Helps with social anxiety

Benefits I've found with CBD skin care
♡ Soothes acne and eczema
♡ It's made with natural ingredients, so it's good for people with skin issues
♡ It smells nice, but doesn't have any artificial fragrance
(At the time of uploading this video, my acne has gone down and the dry skin i used the hand cream on is completely healed)


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I'm an american girl from Missouri, who's lived in Japan for 4 years. I make music and youtube videos. doya♡

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