「矯正一個用法，就覺得自己進步了一些。」
今天收到口說班試聽學員的反饋，覺得感動
來看看以下練習，你會怎麼回答？

中文：你應該多接觸英文
英文：To learn a language well, you have to ＿＿＿＿ it frequently.

contact? get in touch with?
先不要急著想知道答案，也不要批判自己
試著先給出一個你覺得最適合的用法
這是我們會教會你的
口說第一步： #讓別人先聽懂

敢說了嗎？再繼續往下看

口說第二步： #精準修正
其實這運用的方法
正是口譯訓練中的中英轉換練習
只是我們的素材，是取自日常生活中最常見的對話

談到「接觸」的英文
很多人應該會先想到 contact 一字，但請小心中翻英的誤差
中文的「接觸」常被拿來形容「交流」、「體驗」、或「接近」的意思
有可能是實體的、或是無形的
但是我們要記得，英文的接觸通常是需要兩個表面實際碰到
因此若要運用英文表達「接觸」一個語言這個想法
我們就不能直接翻譯成 contact

可以是：
To learn a language well,
you have to get a lot of exposure to it.
you have to immerse yourself in it.
you have to accumulate more real-life experience.
you have to use it often.
you have to put it into practice.
太多太多～

把你最能活用的記起來！

口說第三步： #多加練習

語言是日常的累積
這次學到了，下次就可以試著應用進相似情境裡
在自己在腦海裡重複思考看看
像我常在口譯課上分享的
我在等紅綠燈時，都在思考這些車牌號碼要怎麼翻譯成英文 XDDD

或是來報名下星期一晚上的基礎口說課
6 週共 15 小時，帶你不斷重複這三步驟
就不相信你不會進步

Tony 老師人超好，比罵罵浩好 🤫
翻譯: Tony Tsou

-

最後，謝謝 Kate 寶貴回饋：
「雖然我是外文系畢業，多益也有 900 分
但對英文口說一直很沒有信心
過往受過的外語訓練，大多數都是紙筆或聽力測驗
常常在產出一句英文時，我都還需要上網查資料
確認是不是英文母語者會用到的字
直到我試聽了這堂基礎口說
其中『中英轉換常見錯誤』實在很受用
雖然是簡單一句話，卻蘊含重要口說關鍵
矯正一個用法，就覺得自己進步了一些
謝謝老師帶我從小地方開始修正
讓我在英文口說上學得更踏實。」

這門 #基礎口說課 一定可以幫助
也同樣缺乏信心的你

免驚，台灣浩陪你慢慢練

下週一晚開課囉
試聽影片請進：https://lihi1.cc/Dm6QX

#台灣浩全新課程
#上完再來口筆譯練功

[時事英文] 言論自由與冠狀病毒
　
在自由的社會中，每位公民都能依照個人的自由意志來行使權利。言論自由讓每位公民都能監督政府，要求政府改變不公不義的法規與政策。
　
In a free society, all citizens must be able to pursue their own paths, set their own goals, and think for themselves. The freedom of speech safeguards these rights as it enables us to challenge and change government regulations and laws we find oppressive and unjust.
　
歷史表明，在缺乏監督機制的情況下，政府的絕對權力將導致絕對的腐化。即便有些言論不合我們的心意，但禁止人們發聲不僅限制了言論自由，也剝奪了人們聽取他人意見的權利。禁止言論，並不能禁絕思想。唯有透過對話與協商，才能達成共識，而使社會進步。
　
History has shown that without the corrective mechanism of free speech, governments would consolidate their powers without regard for the rights and freedom of those whom they ought to serve. To deny people of free speech is a double wrong, because doing so would also deprive people of the right to listen, even though some speech would undoubtedly make us feel uncomfortable. Banning certain speech would not result in the elimination of ideas. It is through engagement and negotiation that we can reach consensus and progress as a society.
　
每個人都應享有批評政府的權利，而無需擔心遭受迫害。這也是當今公民得以贏得諸多權利的原因。言論自由是值得全體人類努力爭取的基本人權。
　
All people ought to have the right to criticize their government without fear of persecution, because it is how we have won the rights we have today. The freedom of speech is a fundamental human right and it’s worth fighting to protect.
　
★★★★★★★★★★★★
　
《紐約時報》報導：
　
Trevor Noah, the host of “The Daily Show,” has won praise on the Chinese internet for his searing criticism of the Trump administration’s mishandling of the coronavirus pandemic. So has Jerry Kowal, an American who makes Chinese-language videos chronicling the dire situation in New York.
　
1. win praise 贏得讚賞
2. searing criticism 猛烈抨擊
3. mishandle (v.) 對⋯⋯處理不當
4. chronicle 記錄
5. a dire situation 可怕的情況
　
因為猛烈抨擊川普政府對新冠病毒疫情的應對不當，《每日秀》主持人特雷弗・諾亞（編按：中國網民給他取了一個暱稱叫崔娃）在中國的網路上備受讚賞。受到追捧的還有郭傑瑞，作為美國人，他製作的中文影片記錄了紐約的可怕情形。
　
★★★★★★★★★★★★
　
China’s response to the virus has its own sharp-eyed critics at home, and they have found a vastly different reception. One resident of the virus-struck city of Wuhan who writes under the name Fang Fang documented despair, misery and everyday life in an online diary, and has endured withering attacks on social media. Three citizen journalists who posted videos from Wuhan in the first weeks of the outbreak disappeared and are widely believed to be in government custody.
　
6. response to 回應
7. sharp-eyed 眼尖的；目光敏銳的
8. a vastly different reception 截然不同的對待
9. virus-struck 病毒侵襲
10. document (v.) 記錄
11. endure attacks 忍受攻擊
12. withering 令人難堪的；嚴厲的
13. be in government custody 被政府監禁（或拘留）
　
中國對疫情的應對在國內也引發了尖銳的批評，但這些批評者卻遭到了截然不同的對待。在病毒肆虐的武漢，一位筆名方方的居民用網路日記記錄了人們的絕望、痛苦和日常生活，結果她在社群媒體上遭到了猛烈的攻擊。在疫情暴發的前幾週，三位在武漢發布影片的公民記者失蹤了，人們普遍認為政府把他們抓走了。
　
★★★★★★★★★★★★
　
The pandemic unfolded dramatically differently in China from the way it has in the rest of the world — at least, if one believes state-run Chinese media. Chinese news outlets used words like “purgatory” and “apocalypse” to describe the tragic hospital scenes in Italy and Spain. They have run photos of British and American medical workers wearing garbage bags as protective gear. A lot of the same miseries happened in China, but those reports were called “rumors” and censored.
　
14. pandemic 全球性流行病
15. unfold 展開；顯露
16. state-run 國營；國有
17. news outlet 新聞出處
18. purgatory 煉獄
19. apocalypse 末日（天啟）
　
在中國，這場大流行的展現方式與世界其他地方截然不同——至少，如果你相信中國官方媒體的話。中國的新聞媒體用「煉獄」和「末日」這樣的詞來描述義大利和西班牙醫院裡的悲慘情形。它們還登載了英國和美國的醫務人員把垃圾袋當防護服的照片。中國也有很多類似的悲劇，但那些報導被稱為「謠言」而遭到刪除。
　
★★★★★★★★★★★★
　
The death of Li Wenliang, the whistle-blowing doctor in Wuhan, on Feb. 6 galvanized many Chinese people into demanding freedom of speech. Online sentiment became much more skeptical, and many young people openly challenged the party’s message.
　
20. a whistleblower 吹哨者
21. galvanize somebody into… 激起；使震驚
22. freedom of speech 言論自由
23. online sentiment 網路輿情
24. skeptical 存疑的；持懷疑態度的
25. openly challenge 公開挑戰（或質疑）
　
２月６日，武漢吹哨醫生李文亮的去世激起了許多中國人對言論自由的要求。網路上的懷疑情緒更多，許多年輕人公開質疑黨的訊息。
　
★★★★★★★★★★★★
　
Then the United States and other countries bungled their own responses, and China’s propaganda machine saw an opportunity. Using the West’s transparency and free flow of information, state media outlets chronicled how badly others have managed the crisis. Their message: Those countries should copy China’s model. For good measure, the propaganda machine revved up its attacks on anybody who dared to question the government’s handling of the pandemic. For many people in China, the push is working. Wielding a mix of lies and partial truths, some young people are waging online attacks against individuals and countries that contradict their belief in China’s superior response.
　
26. bungle 弄糟；（笨手笨腳地）把……搞砸
27. propaganda machine 宣傳機器
28. see an opportunity 看見機會
29. manage a crisis
30. transparency 透明度
31. free flow of information 資訊的自由流動
32. chronicle (v.) 記錄
33. rev up sb/sth（使）活躍；（使）積極
34. dare to question 敢於質疑
　
後來，當美國和其它國家搞砸了各自的疫情應對時，中國的宣傳機器看到了機會。中國官媒利用西方媒體的透明度和資訊的自由流動，記錄了其它國家在應對危機時的糟糕表現。他們的訊息是：這些國家應該效仿中國模式。此外，宣傳機器還加大力度，攻擊那些敢質疑中國政府處理疫情方式的人。
　
★★★★★★★★★★★★
　
Many of the same people praising Mr. Noah have been slinging arrows and rocks at Fang Fang, whose real name is Wang Fang, for telling the truth about China. Her diary was moderate and personal, and a place where many of us turned for comfort during the darkest hours of China’s epidemic. But after Harper Collins announced plans to publish it in English, tens of thousands of online users descended on her Weibo account, saying she was a traitor for supporting the enemy’s narrative.
　
35. sling arrows and rocks 口誅筆伐
36. tell the truth about 說了關於⋯⋯的實話
37. moderate 溫和的
38. turn to comfort 尋求慰藉
39. the darkest hours 最黑暗的時刻
40. descend on 突襲；向⋯⋯湧來
41. a traitor 叛徒；賣國賊
　
在這些讚美諾亞的人中，有很多卻對真名為汪芳的方方口誅筆伐，就因為她說了關於中國的實話。她的日記是溫和而私人的，在中國疫情蔓延最黑暗的時刻，我們中的許多人都在這裡尋求安慰。但在哈珀柯林斯出版社宣布計劃出版該日記的英文版後，成千上萬的網民攻擊了方方的微博帳號，說她在支持敵人的敘事，是個賣國賊。
　
★★★★★★★★★★★★
　
The online backlash has been so severe, Fang Fang wrote on Weibo, that it reminds her of the Cultural Revolution, the decade of political violence and chaos that she saw as a child. The only comfort, she wrote, is that “this type of Cultural Revolution is only conducted in cyberspace.”
　
42. online backlash 網路上的強烈反對
43. the Cultural Revolution 文化大革命
44. remind sb of sth 使⋯⋯想起⋯⋯
45. political violence and chaos 政治暴力與混亂
　
方方在微博上寫道，這種網路叫罵是如此嚴重，令她回想起兒時目睹文化大革命的政治暴力和混亂的十年。唯一的寬慰是「這種文革只在網路空間進行著」，她寫道。
　
★★★★★★★★★★★★
　
May everyone in the world have the freedom to criticize their governments without fear. May we, no matter what our opinions are, speak out to safeguard human rights.
　
願世人都能享有言論自由，批評政府時無須擔驚受怕。即便意見相左，都能為捍衛人權而奮鬥。
　
★★★★★★★★★★★★
　
《紐約時報》完整報導：https://nyti.ms/35aI90l
　
圖片出處：https://bit.ly/2y6iN7X
　
★★★★★★★★★★★★
　
時事英文講義：https://bit.ly/2XmRYXc
　
時事英文大全：http://bit.ly/2WtAqop
　
如何使用「時事英文」：https://bit.ly/3a9rr38
　
＃疫情英文

【改變一生的學術英文寫作觀念】你的嗜好是 piano 還是 playing the piano？ global warming 是問題還現象？

在學英文寫作的過程當中，你應該學過用 such as, including 等用法來給例子、細節。在過去批改的超過 5000 篇作文中，發現有一種錯誤，從多益350分的英文弱底生到托福、雅思近滿分的英語學霸都會犯的錯。

這種錯誤我暫時稱它為 category mapping 上的錯誤。今天同樣從簡單到進階，給大家 3 個具體例子來闡述這種寫作錯誤。

〖Example 1〗

✔︎ Before
I have a lot of hobbies, including piano, tennis, and coffee.

✔︎ After
I have a lot of hobbies, including playing the piano, watching tennis games, and making coffee.

hobbies 是嗜好。這個父母詞必須要跟後面所接的孩子能對應。鋼琴、網球、咖啡都不是 hobby。對於父母親 (hobby) 要能跟後面列舉的內容在邏輯上對應，這件事我暫取為 category mapping (種類上要能對應)。

除此之外，若沒有對應好，句子的意思其實也會不清楚。對於鋼琴我們可以做的事情可多了（不能假設只有彈鋼琴呀呀)。shopping for pianos, playing the piano
都可以是嗜好。同樣， watching tennis games, playing tennis 也都是嗜好。所以將種類對應好，也可以幫助我們寫得更清楚。

〖Example 2〗

(中文) 大多的客人都是在抱怨餐廳的食物跟服務。

✔︎ Before
Most customers complained about the restaurant's food and service.

✔︎ After
Customers complained mostly about the restaurant's subpar food and bad service.

這邊要對應的是「負面」的東西和「負面」的東西。如果我們都同意complaints 是不好的，那麼所對應的東西應該要是不好的。但是我們可以在 (before) 的句子中看到，food 跟 service 其實都是中性詞，跟負面的 complaints 其實對應得不好。

所以把 food 改成 subpar food ，把 service 改成 bad service 會更合邏輯。（不要被中文拉走了)

最後給大家看的一組，直接給大家看我在學術寫作公開課上給的實體例子。

〖Example 3〗

✔︎ Before

Over the past 20 years, Taiwan has faced a wide array of (各式各樣的) problems, including environmental protection, economy, and international relations.

我跟學生說，環保、經濟、跟國際關係都不是「問題」。他們充其量都只是「主題」。

✔︎ After
Over the past 20 years, Taiwan has faced a wide array of problems, such as the deterioration of air quality, wage stagnation, the decline in its presence on the international stage.

改寫後的句子雖然沒有到最嚴謹的平行結構，但以 category mapping 的角度來看，problems 所對應的負面詞 deterioration, stagnation, decline 已比 before 的句子好上許多。

若你喜歡這種很具體易懂、一秒對症下藥、在語言書、教科書中學不到的學術英文寫作教學，我在 10/16 (三) 的晚上有一場「英文學術寫作」的公開課，會更完整地講述學術寫作學習的各個面向，歡迎來參加喔！

公開課一秒報名:
https://www.accupass.com/event/1910041353501473070529

地點: 創勝文教台北總部 (台北市朱崙街60號2F) MRT 南京復興站
時間: 10/16 (三) 7:30-9:00 pm (7:00 開放進場)

（程度建議：多益超過 500 分、有學習學術寫作需求者、有議論文寫作需求者、托福、雅思、GRE、GMAT 寫作分數上不去者)