最近，我在「TIME時代」雜志的專欄文章裡，向全球的讀者介紹了大陸「世界工廠」的+AI自動化升級。隨著勞動力成本的上漲，工業自動化、智慧化勢必是大陸製造業的一劑特效藥。自動化能讓運營成本下降，但仍能讓中國大陸保持生產品質、流程、供應鏈維度的優勢。AI賦能產業升級的願景或許還需多年才能實現，但當下的大陸已經讓未來可期。

以下是專欄文章全文，經TIME授權翻譯轉載：

「中國世界工廠 + AI 的未來」

多年來，中國大陸一直被喻為「世界工廠」，即便在全球其他經濟體紛紛遭遇新冠疫情重擊的2020年，大陸製造產業仍然維持穩健的增長范式，全年產值高達3.854萬億美元，占到全球市場近三分之一。

但如果你腦中的大陸工廠是傳統的「血汗工廠」，是時候修正你的刻板印象了。大陸經濟已經迅速地從疫情衝擊下復蘇，疫情同時催化了各種各樣人工智慧（AI）的應用場景加速實現。自2014年以來，中國大陸的AI專利申請量已經超越美國，至今維持全球領先。在學術領域，中國大陸的AI研究論文發表數量、AI期刊的引用量，也雙雙在近年超過了美國。在產業方面，AI應用在大陸的落地速度超越世界其他國家和地區，具有商業價值的AI應用如今開始百花齊放，整合了軟體、硬體和機器人技術的新一代自動化揭開序曲，AI賦能傳統行業的能量，正在蓄勢待發地重塑各行各業。

人類社會至今經歷了三次不同的工業革命：蒸汽革命、電力革命和資訊革命。我相信，AI將會是推動全球第四次工業革命的核心引擎，在世界各地點燃數位化和自動化的變革，而這波前所未有的硬科技浪潮，將由中國來引領實踐。

由於勞動人口減少和新增人口放緩，中國大陸的傳統產業正面臨著勞動力成本上升的巨大壓力，AI正是解決這個難題的技術解答。人工智慧不僅能夠降低運營成本，提高生產效率，擴大整體產能，還有望能帶來收入的增長。

例如，創新工場投資的廣州極飛科技是一家致力於未來農業的AI科技公司，極飛將無人機、機器人和感測器部署在稻田、麥田和棉花田裡，用技術賦能農業中的播種、農藥噴灑、栽種管理、甚至天氣監測環節。用於作物噴灑的極飛科技R150農業無人車已經被推廣到了英國，應用在蘋果、草莓、黑莓等多種經濟作物的種植流程中。

一些大陸的創新公司正積極把機器人拓展到意想不到的場景。總部位於北京的鎂伽是創新工場投資的生命科學智慧自動化公司，他們和實驗室、製藥公司、高校合作，憑藉AI+機器人技術的積累，用自動化解決方案執行實驗室中勞動密集、重複性高、但需要高度精確的任務和流程，同時機器人作業也將盡最大可能保護實驗室人員降低實驗過程中的感染風險。

除了創業公司，我們看到幾家成熟的龍頭企業也開始積極擁抱AI。創新工場參與了有28年歷史的中力電動叉車，這家頭部的鋰電叉車製造商已經推出了能夠在工廠、倉庫自主運行的無人叉車，並且無需對運行環境進行改造，能快速實現從手動到電動到自動駕駛的搬運賦能創新。此外，擁有50多年歷史的領先客車製造商-宇通集團，與自動駕駛獨角獸企業-文遠知行戰略合作，已在大陸三個城市的馬路上運行全無人駕駛小巴。

接著會發生什麼？我大膽預見，在更長遠的未來，機器人和AI將接管大多數產品的製造、設計、交付甚至營銷——很可能將生產成本降低到和原物料成本相差無幾。未來的機器人有能力自我複製和自我修復，甚至做到部分自我反覆運算設計。房屋和公寓將交由AI主導設計，使用預製建築模塊，交由機器人像搭積木似地築樓蓋房。無人公交、無人摩托等隨傳隨到的自動化未來交通系統，能將我們安全無虞地送達想去的地方。

這些願景成為現實或許還需要多年，但此時的大陸正在積極鋪墊引領新一代自動化革命的基石。可期的是，中國工廠的實力將不僅僅體現在產能上，而將逐步彰顯在智慧上。

本文經「TIME時代」授權進行中文編譯，原文如下：

China Is Still the World's Factory — And It's Designing the Future With AI

BY KAI-FU LEE

For many years now, China has been the world’s factory. Even in 2020, as other economies struggled with the effects of the pandemic, China’s manufacturing output was $3.854 trillion, up from the previous year, accounting for nearly a third of the global market.

But if you are still thinking of China’s factories as sweatshops, it’s probably time to change your perception. The Chinese economic recovery from its short-lived pandemic blip has been boosted by its world-beating adoption of artificial intelligence (AI). After overtaking the U.S. in 2014, China now has a significant lead over the rest of the world in AI patent applications. In academia, China recently surpassed the U.S. in the number of both AI research publications and journal citations. Commercial applications are flourishing: a new wave of automation and AI infusion is crashing across a swath of sectors, combining software, hardware and robotics.

As a society, we have experienced three distinct industrial revolutions: steam power, electricity and information technology. I believe AI is the engine fueling the fourth industrial revolution globally, digitizing and automating everywhere. China is at the forefront in manifesting this unprecedented change.

Chinese traditional industries are confronting rising labor costs thanks to a declining working population and slowing population growth. The answer is AI, which reduces operational costs, enhances efficiency and productivity, and generates revenue growth.

For example, Guangzhou-based agricultural-technology company XAG, a Sinovation Ventures portfolio company, is sending drones, robots and sensors to rice, wheat and cotton fields, automating seeding, pesticide spraying, crop development and weather monitoring. XAG’s R150 autonomous vehicle, which sprays crops, has recently been deployed in the U.K. to be used on apples, strawberries and blackberries.

Some companies are rolling out robots in new and unexpected sectors. MegaRobo, a Beijing-based life-science automation company also backed by Sinovation Ventures, designs AI and robots to safely perform repetitive and precise laboratory work in universities, pharmaceutical companies and more, reducing to zero the infection risk to lab workers.

It’s not just startups; established market leaders are also leaning into AI. EP Equipment, a manufacturer of lithium-powered warehouse forklifts founded in Hangzhou 28 years ago, has with Sinovation Ventures’ backing launched autonomous models that are able to maneuver themselves in factories and on warehouse floors. Additionally Yutong Group, a leading bus manufacturer with over 50 years’ history, already has a driverless Mini Robobus on the streets of three cities in partnership with autonomous vehicle unicorn WeRide.

Where is all this headed? I can foresee a time when robots and AI will take over the manufacturing, design, delivery and even marketing of most goods—potentially reducing costs to a small increment over the cost of materials. Robots will become self-replicating, self-repairing and even partially self-designing. Houses and apartment buildings will be designed by AI and use prefabricated modules that robots put together like toy blocks. And just-in-time autonomous public transportation, from robo-buses to robo-scooters, will take us anywhere we want to go.

It will be years before these visions of the future enter the mainstream. But China is laying the groundwork right now, setting itself up to be a leader not only in how much it manufactures, but also in how intelligently it does it.

Source：https://time.com/6084158/china-ai-factory-future/

時間過得好快啊
眨眼我的碩士課程就讀到第三個月了
第一個月做的assignment成績剛剛出爐啦
考到高分耶 🥳🥳🥳 開心開心 哈哈哈
誰要一起讀書 讓疫情間的時間過得充實好多
來來來

Today marks the third month of my MBA and i just got my result for the first assignment i did for my May classes.
I scored pretty well yayyyy 🙌🏻🥰🥰🥰 Imma happy gurl
Who wants to study with me
Come join us 🤣 It’s fun n stressful at the sametime but it’s sure hell fulfilling by filling up time during the pandemic huuuhuuu

MBA課程訊問: +6018-959 9161
MSI電腦折扣: https://my.msi.com/Promotion/2021WFHSTAYSAFE/nb
ONSMO 燈光 背景 拍攝 攝影 器材
ONSMO Studio lighting equipments
Tel 聯絡：+60164041257

MCO待在家無所事事要找些東西來做，進步人生，增加知識，來來來 誰要和姐姐一起讀英國MBA碩士文憑❤️不需要考試，只需要做好你們的assignments 和 thesis 功課就可以有機會考到成為一名碩士畢業生🎓 還可以選擇去英國丟四方帽耶！
姐姐是個SPM畢業生罷了 所以現在疫情那麼嚴重 又無所事事就去拿了個課程來讀。要一起嗎？他們比去外國讀考便宜很多很多。還有折扣（姐姐沒有拿錢的，純粹很得空找東西來學 拿個Master碩士文憑好過沒有 哈哈哈）就讀的還是英國前30名排名的大學哦
以前年輕時候沒好好讀書的人/後悔沒有考大學的人/上班族/讀到一半想換科目或工作領域的人/做生意的人/想做生意的人/想當一名碩士而不再是普通高中文憑畢業生的人/想增加多一張文憑的人 都可以報名就讀這個MBA英國碩士MBA課程。
一個月讀兩天罷了，5-10小時
由英國教授教的網課/疫情過後可以去學院上課都可以
Audentes 是OTHM, London Graduate School和 University 的馬來西亞appoited centre。他們的UK MBA 能以可負擔價格在一年裡面完成，有工作經驗者皆可加入。國際認可的學位能提升你在海外與國內的就業機會 與此同時可以在自己的生意上學以致用。除此之外 有別於普通的MBA學院 Audentes Education還附送 稅務管理訓練, personal legal conveyancing, wine appreciation 讓大家可以在職場與個人管理上發揮個人才能
訊問碩士博士課程的可以聯絡 ： +6018-959 9161
MCO had been prolonged again and if u have no idea of what to do for this one year ahead of you, why not take up a MBA Master of Business Administration UK Course. There r discounts for early bird and they provide MONTHLY intakes so u can start anytime u want and study for a year before u pass n graduate.
(I DONT GET PAID NOR GETTING ANY % IN THIS. I Solely took it because i have nothing better to do in this pandemic so might as well i self improve, better than sitting at home wasting my life lol)
It only takes u ONE year to be a Master graduate and it only takes 2 days monthly for u to study for 5-10 hours.
No exams needed, only assignments and thesis needed to be handed over for passing.
The professor will be from the UK and since its still on the lockdown, students can opt for their online classes with the professor instead of physical classes.
Ppl who r already working / Ppl who doesnt like what they r studying now n would love to change course / Ppl who r in the business line / Ppl who wants to run their own business / Ppl who wish to get another certe / Ppl who wish to add a Master into ur namecard / Ppl who wish to be a Master/PHD graduate instead of a normal F5 grads , come join me in studying and get urself a Master/PHD certe ? Let’s go !
Contact : +6018-959 9161

——————————————————
電腦 Laptop / Computer
MCO上網課/讀書/工作需要到電腦的粉絲們現在MSI 有優惠 也有禮物送喔
從RM2199 開始的電腦 還有保加 還有禮物 點這個link 進去買買買
MCO again n u cant go anywhere but u need a laptop for ur online classes/online work/work from home ? MSI is currently having promotions for their laptops from RM2199 that comes with free warranty and free gifts. Click the link below to purchase
https://my.msi.com/Promotion/2021WFHSTAYSAFE/nb

——————————————————

ONSMO 燈光 背景 拍攝 攝影 器材
ONSMO Studio lighting equipments
Tel 聯絡：+60164041257

MBA課程訊問: +6018-959 9161
MSI電腦折扣: https://my.msi.com/Promotion/2021WFHSTAYSAFE/nb
Pioneer 耳機 +6013-850 1025

MCO待在家無所事事要找些東西來做，進步人生，增加知識，來來來 誰要和姐姐一起讀英國MBA碩士文憑❤️不需要考試，只需要做好你們的assignments 和 thesis 功課就可以有機會考到成為一名碩士畢業生🎓 還可以選擇去英國丟四方帽耶！
姐姐是個SPM畢業生罷了 所以現在疫情那麼嚴重 又無所事事就去拿了個課程來讀。要一起嗎？他們比去外國讀考便宜很多很多。還有折扣（姐姐沒有拿錢的，純粹很得空找東西來學 拿個Master碩士文憑好過沒有 哈哈哈）就讀的還是英國前30名排名的大學哦
以前年輕時候沒好好讀書的人/後悔沒有考大學的人/上班族/讀到一半想換科目或工作領域的人/做生意的人/想做生意的人/想當一名碩士而不再是普通高中文憑畢業生的人/想增加多一張文憑的人 都可以報名就讀這個MBA英國碩士MBA課程。
一個月讀兩天罷了，5-10小時
由英國教授教的網課/疫情過後可以去學院上課都可以
Audentes 是OTHM, London Graduate School和 University 的馬來西亞appoited centre。他們的UK MBA 能以可負擔價格在一年裡面完成，有工作經驗者皆可加入。國際認可的學位能提升你在海外與國內的就業機會 與此同時可以在自己的生意上學以致用。除此之外 有別於普通的MBA學院 Audentes Education還附送 稅務管理訓練, personal legal conveyancing, wine appreciation 讓大家可以在職場與個人管理上發揮個人才能
訊問碩士博士課程的可以聯絡 ： +6018-959 9161
MCO had been prolonged again and if u have no idea of what to do for this one year ahead of you, why not take up a MBA Master of Business Administration UK Course. There r discounts for early bird and they provide MONTHLY intakes so u can start anytime u want and study for a year before u pass n graduate.
(I DONT GET PAID NOR GETTING ANY % IN THIS. I Solely took it because i have nothing better to do in this pandemic so might as well i self improve, better than sitting at home wasting my life lol)
It only takes u ONE year to be a Master graduate and it only takes 2 days monthly for u to study for 5-10 hours.
No exams needed, only assignments and thesis needed to be handed over for passing.
The professor will be from the UK and since its still on the lockdown, students can opt for their online classes with the professor instead of physical classes.
Ppl who r already working / Ppl who doesnt like what they r studying now n would love to change course / Ppl who r in the business line / Ppl who wants to run their own business / Ppl who wish to get another certe / Ppl who wish to add a Master into ur namecard / Ppl who wish to be a Master/PHD graduate instead of a normal F5 grads , come join me in studying and get urself a Master/PHD certe ? Let’s go !
Contact : +6018-959 9161

——————————————————
電腦 Laptop / Computer
MCO上網課/讀書/工作需要到電腦的粉絲們現在MSI 有優惠 也有禮物送喔
從RM2199 開始的電腦 還有保加 還有禮物 點這個link 進去買買買
MCO again n u cant go anywhere but u need a laptop for ur online classes/online work/work from home ? MSI is currently having promotions for their laptops from RM2199 that comes with free warranty and free gifts. Click the link below to purchase
https://my.msi.com/Promotion/2021WFHSTAYSAFE/nb

——————————————————

耳機 Headphone
Pioneer 耳機
Contact : +6013-850 1025

背景音樂:影片片尾備註
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感謝你的觀看，歡迎分享，也可以訂閱我，隨時追蹤最新影片
剪輯好笑的每周VOD精華及噴笑嗑藥台式翻譯
希望能讓精華更有趣 翻譯並非正統可能有錯或超譯 請見諒
我們也經常剪輯英雄聯盟搞笑爆笑，技術，中文翻譯，實況主選手等的影片，也可以在下方留言，讓我幫你剪輯介紹給大家認識。
諮詢信箱:sgdlolhigh69@gmail.com
投稿信箱:sgdlolhigh69@gmail.com(絕地求生暫時停止投稿，僅接受英雄聯盟)
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COPYRIGHT ISSUES:
We make these videos with the intention of educating LoL players how to increase and improve own skills for better playing in some segments of the game, but to share those in quality compilation with other people.
One of our videos was shared by the owner and allowed for use or we purchased. These videos are made as a montage, consist of fragments from several different LoL matches. The content displayed in the video is recorded within the game, If any owner of clips, used in our compilation, has a copyright issue, feel free to contact us by gmail . We will remove the clip, video or come to an agreement. Thank you.
Using or sharing our compilations is allowed, so feel free to share it anywhere, but it would be nice, to use direct link of video, not of copies.
Thanks !

背景音樂:影片片尾備註
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Video Clip Sources:
https://www.reddit.com/r/leagueoflegends/
https://medal.tv/league-of-legends
Fan contribution
music Sources:
youtube.com/user/NoCopyrightSounds
youtube.com/user/MonstercatMedia
youtube.com/user/freemusicwave
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
感謝你的觀看，歡迎分享，也可以訂閱我，隨時追蹤最新影片
剪輯好笑的每周VOD精華及噴笑嗑藥台式翻譯
希望能讓精華更有趣 翻譯並非正統可能有錯或超譯 請見諒
我們也經常剪輯英雄聯盟搞笑爆笑，技術，中文翻譯，實況主選手等的影片，也可以在下方留言，讓我幫你剪輯介紹給大家認識。
諮詢信箱:sgdlolhigh69@gmail.com
投稿信箱:sgdlolhigh69@gmail.com(絕地求生暫時停止投稿，僅接受英雄聯盟)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Video and music has the player's permission to feature their clip .was shared by the owner and allowed for use or we purchased.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
COPYRIGHT ISSUES:
We make these videos with the intention of educating LoL players how to increase and improve own skills for better playing in some segments of the game, but to share those in quality compilation with other people.
One of our videos was shared by the owner and allowed for use or we purchased. These videos are made as a montage, consist of fragments from several different LoL matches. The content displayed in the video is recorded within the game, If any owner of clips, used in our compilation, has a copyright issue, feel free to contact us by gmail . We will remove the clip, video or come to an agreement. Thank you.
Using or sharing our compilations is allowed, so feel free to share it anywhere, but it would be nice, to use direct link of video, not of copies.
Thanks !

背景音樂:影片片尾備註
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Video Clip Sources:
https://www.reddit.com/r/leagueoflegends/
https://medal.tv/league-of-legends
Fan contribution
music Sources:
youtube.com/user/NoCopyrightSounds
youtube.com/user/MonstercatMedia
youtube.com/user/freemusicwave
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
感謝你的觀看，歡迎分享，也可以訂閱我，隨時追蹤最新影片
剪輯好笑的每周VOD精華及噴笑嗑藥台式翻譯
希望能讓精華更有趣 翻譯並非正統可能有錯或超譯 請見諒
我們也經常剪輯英雄聯盟搞笑爆笑，技術，中文翻譯，實況主選手等的影片，也可以在下方留言，讓我幫你剪輯介紹給大家認識。
諮詢信箱:sgdlolhigh69@gmail.com
投稿信箱:sgdlolhigh69@gmail.com(絕地求生暫時停止投稿，僅接受英雄聯盟)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Video and music has the player's permission to feature their clip .was shared by the owner and allowed for use or we purchased.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
COPYRIGHT ISSUES:
We make these videos with the intention of educating LoL players how to increase and improve own skills for better playing in some segments of the game, but to share those in quality compilation with other people.
One of our videos was shared by the owner and allowed for use or we purchased. These videos are made as a montage, consist of fragments from several different LoL matches. The content displayed in the video is recorded within the game, If any owner of clips, used in our compilation, has a copyright issue, feel free to contact us by gmail . We will remove the clip, video or come to an agreement. Thank you.
Using or sharing our compilations is allowed, so feel free to share it anywhere, but it would be nice, to use direct link of video, not of copies.
Thanks !