【6句英文，一起緬懷李前總統對台灣民主發展的貢獻】

親愛的李前總統，您曾經是我在日本唸書時，在跟日本的長輩、早稻田大學附近百年的燒鳥店老闆、老教授們聊天時的共同話題。每個人對您是不是 "hero" 各有看法、也有自由可以有不同的看法，這已是您最大的貢獻。

你教了我：對的改變一定要堅持，即便過程會很辛苦。但想要改變要不只要勇敢、還要有謀略、策略。Thank you, thank you, thank you.

【文法小教室】
democracy 在做「民主制度」時，是抽象語意，是不可數名詞。但當 democracy 在當「民主國家」、「民主政體」時，則是可數名詞喔。

❶ He was instrumental in the nation’s peaceful transition from the autocratic rule (專制統治) to one of Asia’s most vibrant democracies (活躍的民主政體). Lee also cemented Taiwan’s identity as distinct from China.

【句型 / 搭配】
✔︎ X is instrumental in sth... X 在 sth 中扮演重要、協助性的角色
✔︎ cement + identity 強化、鞏固～的身份

❷ Lee Teng-hui is one of the key founders of today’s prosperous and democratic Taiwan (繁榮且民主的台灣), a country that is the marvel of observers throughout Asia and the world (讓亞洲和世界各國感到驚嘆的國家). I salute him for his unparalleled contributions (無比重要的貢獻) to the modern and self-confident Taiwan of today!

【句型 / 搭配】
✔︎ the key founder of sth... 主要的創建者
✔︎ marvel (v.) + at sth 對～感到驚嘆
marvel (n.) It's a marvel to me that S+V...
✔︎ unparalleled contributions 無比重要貢獻、無可匹敵的
貢獻 => unrivaled contributions

❸ President Tsai Ing-wen (蔡英文): “President Lee’s contribution to Taiwan’s democratic journey was irreplaceable and his death is a great loss for the country."

【句型 / 搭配】
✔︎ irreplaceable + contribution 難以取代的貢獻
✔︎ sb's death is a great loss for sth / sb

❹ Former president Ma Ying-jeou (馬英九) also offered his condolences to Lee’s family through his office, while affirming Lee’s contributions to Taiwan’s democratization.

【句型 / 搭配】
✔︎ offer condolences 表達哀悼
✔︎ democratization 民主化

➠ Democratization is the transition to a more democratic political regime (民主的政治政體).

❺ Lee allowed the nation to smoothly evolve from an authoritarian regime (獨裁政體) to a democratic one, and he was able to withdraw from the political scene (退出政壇) at his peak, Ko (柯文哲) wrote, describing Lee as a “hero of the era.”

【句型 / 搭配】
✔︎ evolve from X to Y 從 X 轉變、演變、進化到 Y
✔︎ withdraw from the political scene 退出政壇
✔︎ at sb's peak 在某人的高峰 (通常是職涯)

❻ Lee served as Taiwan's president from 1988 to 2000, overseeing its transition from martial law dictatorship (實施戒嚴法的獨裁統治政體) to a full-fledged democracy (成熟的民主政體)

✔︎ a full-fledged democracy 成熟、發展完全的民主政體

• 以下文字取自於 Financial Times、The New York Times、TIME、Taipei Times

好幾天沒更新了，轉眼間已經走完這趟旅行的前1/3了，也已經跑完烏茲別克和吉爾吉斯準備要入境中國了，但動態更新竟然還停在第四天。為了避免因趕文章進度而一直活在過去，這裡簡單總結一下前幾天的行程。

It's been a while since my last update. I have finished the first 1/3 of the trip, visited Uzbekistan and Kyrgyzstan, and am going to enter China tomorrow. Here I'd like to quickly summarize what I did in the past few days, as I don't have time to make up in details.

拜訪絲路古城希瓦（Khiva）、布哈拉（Bukhara）
Visited Silk Road ancient cities Khiva and Bukhara

這兩個城市過去都是汗國的都城，因此保留了許多中亞與伊斯蘭風格的建築。「汗國」這名詞聽起來可能很遙遠（成吉思汗時代的產物），其實不然，中亞的汗國政體一直存在到1920年代被蘇共廢除為止，距今還不到一百年，這也是為什麼這些已經存在幾世紀的建築能被完好保存至今。

Khiva and Bukhara were both capitals of khanates until 1920, when Soviet Communist Party abolished them. The age of khans is actually not that far from us. Consequently, many Turkic and Islamic architectures are well preserved in these cities until now.

用三天時間品味鐵木兒帝國首都撒馬爾罕的輝煌
Enjoying Timur empire capital Samarkand for 3 days

我對中亞的第一印象應該是國中時在國家地理雜誌上看到的照片，一座方正的廣場上，三幢華麗的經院建築面向廣場中間三面並立，繁複的拼貼磁磚與渾圓的尖頂是我未曾見過的，中亞的伊斯蘭風味從那時起就吸引了我，這趟總算可以見到本尊。稱撒馬爾罕為15世紀的巴黎一點都不為過，中亞規模最大的伊斯蘭建築都聚集在這個城市；這裡到今天仍然朝氣蓬勃，即使待了三天也不覺無聊。

My first impression of Central Asia was from Samarkand, where around a square stand three madrassases with delicate tiles and rounded domes. Since then, Central Asia has been attractive to me. In 15th century, this city was as important as Paris, and today this is the place to find the biggest and most splendid Islamic architectures in Central Asia. Today it's still a vibrant city, and I didn't feel bored after spending 3 days there.

進入吉爾吉斯，在比什凱克（Bishkek）遇見台北
Entering Kyrgyzstan, and encountering Taipei in Bishkek

塔什干到比什凱克是行程中除往返外的唯一一趟飛行，之所以不走陸路是為了要以電子簽證入境，但電子簽證目前只開放機場入境。這趟飛完，下次再踏上飛機就是在芬蘭赫爾辛基了。

吉爾吉斯在中亞五國裡面經濟算後段班，但首都仍然是個活力十足的地方，隨處可見的行道樹與綠廊是它與眾不同之處。有趣的是這裡高層公寓與傳統矮房並立，而且居民似乎相當熱衷於裝鐵窗和外掛冷氣，乍看之下還以為回到了台北。

The flight from Tashkent to Bishkek is the only non-over-land segment on my trip, and I did so in order to obtain Kyrgyzstan's e-visa, which now only opens to air passengers. After this flight, the next one would be one month later from Helsinki, Finland.

Kyrgyzstan's economy is not great compared to other Central Asian countries, but its capital still flourishes and looks appealing. Greenways and street plants make its appearance especially unique. New high-rise apartments and old low houses both exist here, and interestingly, just like my hometown Taipei, they also like to protect windows with rails and have ACs hung outside buildings. While seeing this scene, sometimes I thought I was back in Taipei.

在頌湖（Son Kul）體驗遊牧民族生活
Nomadic life at Son Kul

頌湖是吉爾吉斯第二大湖，雖然規模遠遠不及第一大湖，3000多公尺高海拔的純淨藍天配上周遭保存至今的游牧傳統讓我將它列為必遊之地。前往此湖的熱門方式是向旅行社買套裝行程，由當地牧人當嚮導用兩天時間騎馬翻山來到湖邊，然後居住在居民的蒙古包裡體驗他們的生活和飲食。五月中旬來此還沒什麼遊客，當天參團的也只有我一個人，以費用來說是貴了點，但當我來到湖邊，一個人奢侈的享受整個湖的時候，我覺得非常值得。

Son Kul is the second largest lake in Kyrgyzstan. While being outsized by the first, its pure sky at high altitude and nomadic lifestyle made me decide to put it on my "must-go" list. People usually go on tours arranged by agents, where a local guide leads you to ride horses for two days and cross over mountains, and then after arriving at the Lake, you can stay in yurts and experience the life and cuisine of the locals. As it was fairly early in season, I was the only tours that day, which means I had to pay a bit more. However, as soon as I got to the lake and felt the solitude, I thought it was totally worth the price.

下一站
Next stop

離開頌湖之後我一直在搭車——先是2小時下山、3小時回到首都，接著馬上是15小時的夜車從北跨到南部大城奧什（Osh），然後再3.5小時到達今晚過夜的Sary-Tash，一個位在帕米爾高原上海拔3170公尺的小鎮，準備明天一早翻過山進入新疆喀什。從山上下來又搭夜車，已經連續四個晚上沒洗澡了，期待明天到達喀什可以好好給他洗洗睡 :)

明天就要進入五聲音階（CDE_GA_）的國度了，祝我的VPN運作順暢。

Since leaving Son Kul, I've been riding vehicles: 2 hours to get out from the lake, 3 hours to go back to Bishkek, which was followed by a 15-hour night ride from Bishkek to Osh, and then a 3.5-hour ride to Sary-Tash, where I will spend my night at. Tomorrow I'll leave in early morning to enter China via Pamir Highway. My destination is Kashgar. It's been 4 days since the last time I got a shower. Looking forward to doing that in Kashgar tomorrow :)