※ 引述《chenemily (天天保持好心情)》之銘言：
: Agricultural societies cannot exist without staple crops. Several food
: plants, such as kola and okra, are known to have been domesticated in western
: Africa, but they are all supplemental, not staple, foods. All the recorded
: staple crops grown in western Africa were introduced from elsewhere,
: beginning, at some unknown date, with rice and yams. Therefore, discovering
: when rice and yams were introduced into western Africa would establish the
: earliest date at which agricultural societies could have arisen there.
: Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends?
: 請問這題 最後要假設的是:
: earliest date 則 societies could have arisen
兩個premise：
1.糧食作物是農業社會成立的條件之一
2.西非的糧食作物是稻米還有番薯，都是外來種。
最後結論是：
米飯跟蕃薯引進之時=西非最早有農業社會的時間

直覺切入點有兩個：
1.'最早'？難道不會有更早的？[結論中看到最高級就要保持警覺了]
2. 第一個premise
Agricultural societies cannot exist without staple crops.
隱含的意思是有農業社會就一定會有糧食作物，
但有糧食作物並不一定有農業社會。[邏輯非充要]
: 我選了B
: A. People in western Africa did not develop staple crops that they stopped
: cultivating once rice and yams were introduced.
: 取非 一旦rice and yams were introduced 則他們停止栽培staple crops
: 請問有反駁到結論嗎?? 好像沒有
你的取非取錯了。
取非後的a選項應該是
在稻米跟蕃薯藤引進之前，西非人持續栽培其他的糧食作物。
[這種作物到了米跟番薯引進之後就不種了]

這個直接打擊到結論：代表在米跟番薯引進之前還有更早的糧食作物
[只是後來不種了所以銷聲匿跡]
也就表示可能農業社會在米跟番薯引進前早已出現。
: B. There are no plants native to western Africa that, if domesticated, could
: serve as staple food crops
: 請問哪裡有錯 ????
注意時態。
現在沒有不代表以前沒有。

而我們在討論的是以前的事。
講述現在事實的前提被視為無關。

很熟悉吧，
awa裡常用的攻擊手法。


dustin

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