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[爆卦]reduction用法是什麼？優點缺點精華區懶人包

雖然這篇reduction用法鄉民發文沒有被收入到精華區：在reduction用法這個話題中，我們另外找到其它相關的精選爆讚文章

在 reduction用法產品中有3篇Facebook貼文，粉絲數超過7萬的網紅Eric's English Lounge，也在其Facebook貼文中提到， [時事英文] 同學，讓我們來關注巴黎氣候峰會的結論! 這高峰會關乎人類未來的氣候變化，而其中的重要的時事英文字詞，更是值得我們學習！ ★★★★★★★★★★★★ 時事英文詞彙和搭配詞: think tank 智庫 call for action against…呼籲對....採取行動 non-bi...

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「reduction用法」的推薦目錄
  • Eric's English Lounge

    reduction用法 在 Eric's English Lounge Facebook 的最佳解答

    2015-12-22 17:14:10
    有 405 人按讚

    [時事英文] 同學，讓我們來關注巴黎氣候峰會的結論! 這高峰會關乎人類未來的氣候變化，而其中的重要的時事英文字詞，更是值得我們學習！

    ★★★★★★★★★★★★
    時事英文詞彙和搭配詞:

    think tank 智庫
    call for action against…呼籲對....採取行動
    non-binding commitments 非約束性的承諾
    legally binding 具法律約束力的
    lack of enforcement mechanisms 缺乏強制執行機制
    ratify the agreement 批准該協定
    pursue efforts to 為…繼續努力
    summit 尖峰、最高級會議
    agreement 協定，協議
    accord （國家之間的）協議；條約[C][（+with/on）]
    protocol 議定書；協議；草案；（尤指外交的）禮節
    adopted version 通過的版本
    emerging economies 新興經濟體
    CO2 emissions 二氧化碳排放量
    greenhouse gases 溫室氣體
    climate change 氣候變化
    a rise in sea levels 海平面上升
    continue to rise at their current rate 以現在的速率持續上升
    reduce emissions 減少排放
    curb emissions 控制排放
    decarbonize electricity production 脫碳電力生產
    generate electricity 發電

    ★★★★★★★★★★★★
    accord, treaty, protocol, agreement 的用法

    accord 指涉的是同意、和諧、妥協、諒解的"狀態"，通常是指國家間的共識性協議。accord雖然屬於國際文件，但因未創設國際法上的權利義務，大多不具備國際法拘束力。An accord is a formal agreement between countries or groups (e.g. the Helsinki accord on human rights).

    treaty 採廣義的定義是指國家之間經外交談判後依照國際法簽訂的正式條約。A treaty is a formal written agreement between two or more countries or governments. (e.g. The peace treaty ends nearly four years of violence.)

    protocol 指的是一個議定書、協議、草案，通常用來表示一個公約的輔助文件，一個公約的附屬文件，或一個獨立條約的名稱。A protocol can mean the following things: A) an international agreement between two or more countries (e.g. the Montreal protocol on the protection of the ozone layer); B) a written record of a formal or international agreement, or an early form of an agreement

    agreement 是協議最常用廣泛的叫法。跟treaty的定義差不多，指國際法主體間針對特定事項的條約，具有國際法效力。An agreement is an official document that people sign to show that they have agreed to something. It can be a pact, convention, or treaty between nations, sub-national entities, organizations, corporations, or other entities or persons.

    ★★★★★★★★★★★★

    時事英文全文:

    The 2015 United Nations Climate Change Conference, Conference of Parties 21 (COP 21), was held in Paris, France, from 30 November to 12 December 2015.

    One hundred and ninety-six parties attended the conference and negotiated the Paris Agreement, a global agreement on the reduction of climate change. The overall goal of the agreement is to limit global warming to less than 2 degrees Celsius (°C) compared to pre-industrial levels. The agreement calls for zero net man-made greenhouse gas emissions to be reached during the second half of the 21st century. In the adopted version of the Paris Agreement, the parties will also pursue efforts to limit the temperature increase to 1.5 °C. According to some scientists, the 1.5 °C goal will require zero emissions sometime between 2030 and 2050.

    The agreement will become legally binding if signed by at least 55 countries which together represent at least 55 percent of global greenhouse emissions. The parties will need to sign the agreement in New York between in April 2017, and also adopt it within their own legal systems.

    Sources:
    http://namasnthu.blogspot.tw/2011/12/copkp-platform.html
    http://www.ldoceonline.com/dictionary/
    http://unfccc.int/meetings/paris_nov_2015/meeting/8926.php
    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nations_Climate_Change_conference

    ★★★★★★★★★★★★

    時事英文: http://goo.gl/3EnOO6

    環保詞彙: http://goo.gl/z7w7UO

    ★★★★★★★★★★★★

  • Alexander Wang 王梓沅英文

    reduction用法 在 Alexander Wang 王梓沅英文 Facebook 的最佳解答

    2015-07-30 15:28:58
    有 168 人按讚


    ★ 英文單字一個字那麼多意思，要記哪個意思？★

    「英文單字有的時候一個字就有好多意思，我要記哪一個意思好？」很多學生常問我這個問題。有英文老師會說背「第一個意思」就好了。這樣的解答，當然不正確。不但會讓學生英文學起來沒有成就感（因為容易看到學到的字，但因為不是第一個用法而感覺學了「沒用」) ，也沒有將正確的「學習觀念」教給學生。

    對於這樣的問題，我們可以從「認知發展 (cognitive development)」的角度來探討。

    我們可以想像，就如同人類從嬰兒變孩童到青少年一直到成人，從可以討論「現在」到可以回憶「過去」到想像「未來」，可以處理「單數」到處理「多數」，可以理解「平面」到理解「立體」，可以討論「具象事物」到可以討論「抽象事物」一樣，其實一個單字在字典裡面的意思，通常由前到後，從「具象到抽象」排列（也跟frequency相關)。

    By way of illustration, 我們用TOEIC和GRE這兩個難度相差蠻大的考試來看dismiss和discount 這兩個字。這兩個考試的測驗目的不同，所以挑選文章不太相同。 TOEIC的內容和日常生活商務比較相關，敘述的東西也比較直接。相反的，GRE的文章充斥著交互論證、爭議性議題討論、實驗假說的探討等，在認知發展理論上，一定是屬於比較困難、抽象的象限。因此我們可以看到:

    [1]

    TOEIC: "dismiss" 這個字考字典第二個意思 "to remove from position or service" 也就是 lay off, fire，解僱的意思，所以我們可以"dismiss an employee"。

    GRE: "dismiss" 這個字考字典第三個意思，"to decide not to think about" ，所以我們可以 "dismiss sb's criticism"

    毋庸置疑地，employee 跟 criticism 比起來，前者具象許多。我們接下來再看discount 這個字。

    [2]

    TOEIC: "discount" 字典的第一個意思是"price reduction"，我想大家都很喜歡也不陌生。

    GRE: "discount" 這個字在GRE裡是考字典第三個意思 "to think of (something) as having little importance or value"，明顯是比較抽象的意思（所以也比較容易出現在抽象意涵文章內)。
    e.g. We shouldn't discount his contributions. (我們不應該認為他的貢獻不重要。)

    上面所舉的GRE例，在經濟學人、紐約時報、時代雜誌等的文章大致也可以用一樣的道理應用。希望大家以後有這樣的問題的時候，或是一個句子看不懂的時候，這樣的邏輯能夠幫助大家。

  • Alexander Wang 王梓沅英文

    reduction用法 在 Alexander Wang 王梓沅英文 Facebook 的最佳貼文

    2013-05-18 19:18:19
    有 110 人按讚


    有關於, 涉及: in regard to? in regards to?

    英文裡有非常多的片語可以用來表達 "有關於"
    其中要特別強調的是 in regards to 是特別常見的錯誤英文
    regard 不應該加 s

    以下列出幾個常用用法 讓大家參考

    (1) pertain to

    例) His remark did not seem to pertain to the issue.
    例) We are only interested in proposals that pertain to glocal issues.
    (glocal = global + local, 譯為全球在地化的)

    Note: pertain to 中間可以夾副詞, 像是 pertain particularly to...

    (2) With respect to

    例) Some innovative financing models are emerging, however, particularly with respect to smartening up buildings.

    例) In addition to concerns with respect to the issue of government interference in the work of the ECCC, there have also been concerns raised with respect to other aspects of the Court's work.

    (3) In regard to, With regard to

    例) We will consult closely in regard to actions in exchange markets and will cooperate as appropriate.

    例) With regard to insurance, we will cover for 110% of the invoice value.

    (4) With reference to

    例) The research will focus on sustainable human development and resource use, with particular reference to areas such as poverty reduction and the Millennium Development Goals, renewable energy, disaster preparedness.
    --> 超典型用法 "with ADJ. reference to..."

    例) I have nothing to say with reference to this question.

    (5) Concerning, Regarding

    例) I had nothing to say regarding this matter.
    例) For more information concerning the club, contact Mrs. Cook.

    (6) As to, As for

    Note: as to 後面很常直接接 as to whether or not....

    例) The villagers do not agree as to whether the ghosts exist, but it seems unlikely that the village should get its reputation for no reason at all.

    例) As for the 25 million dollar bounty, I don't have any trouble with that.
    (常放句首)

    最後幾個常放句中的 be related to, be associated with, in relation to, in association with 大家也要會用喔

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