「#有些國家會質疑美國會不會來救援台灣。#這就是那個時刻...#我們要把話講很清楚，#我們就是打算這麼做。」

轉述 #張之豪 議員翻譯
美國參議員昆斯（Chris Coons, D-DE）
2021/6/6 9:30 訪台記者會
（聽打、翻譯，基隆市議員 張之豪）

感謝你們如此歡迎我們。我很榮幸加入兩位優秀的參議員，達克沃絲、蘇利文都曾在我國的軍隊服役，他們的人生故事中，在亞太區域的承諾與參與，對我與許多人來說，很有啟發意義。

我在參議院的外交委員會，也在該委員會旗下的撥款委員會擔任主席，就是負責撥款給拜登政府把疫苗配發給全球夥伴的計畫。幾週前我們就在討論我們對全球與疫情還在如何危害全球健康的關切。我們也要求拜登政府與我們合作，跨黨派，跨參議院與眾議院的大連線，來對全球需要的國家提供關鍵的疫苗。

正如你聽到蘇利文參議員所說，美國與台灣的關係既長久且深遠，並且正因為疫情爆發初期，台灣致贈了1000萬的口罩給我們，這讓美台關係，更為有目標、動人、並真實。畢竟當時我們還在擔心找口罩時，有些國家還在利用他們手上有的PPE等資源，來為自己謀取政治利益。

此刻，我們宣佈，在拜登政府與美國國會要提供相當關鍵的8000萬劑疫苗給全世界時，這是首批。因為台灣被世界衛生聯盟（按。應為口誤）阻擋在外不能加入，並且在尋購有效的疫苗的過程中，被四處樹立路障。我們認為現在尤其重要，我們肯定拜登政府的倡議並且有國會兩院跨黨派的支持，把這些在前任政府督導下研發出的有效、安全的疫苗，分享給我們全球的夥伴。

並且，我們也希望台灣民眾清楚知道，有些國家會質疑美國會不會來救援台灣。這就是那個時刻，我們認為這非常迫切也非常重要，外交部長先生，我們要把話講很清楚，我們就是打算這麼做。

我的選區是一個小州，德拉威爾。我前任的議員，就是現任的美國總統。42年前，他對台灣關係法投下了贊成票。在來台灣的飛機上，我們一行人有人正在讀一本書，有關台灣關係法的歷史，並且與我們大家簡述分享。丹（蘇利文參議員）永遠都是那個學者型的（笑）。而被提醒這件事是很重要的：這不是一段新關係，這不是一個新夥伴關係。我上次來，我正陪同我們AIT的酈英傑處長，參加AIT一座新中心的成立，美麗、先進的建築的落成開幕典禮。

明天，當我們一行人回到美國參議院時，我們將會參與一個重要的法案表決。由外交委員會提案的，戰略競爭法，包括，再一次，清楚講述美台關係的規定。當法案提到參議院大會時，我身旁兩位在美國商務、科學和交通委員會的參議員，也將形塑與推動生效。未來當然會有更多立法上的修改，但我非常有信心，我們下週將在這個法案上會有跨黨派的表決，將通過美國創新與競爭力法。這個法案特別認可美台關係的戰略重要性，投資科技創新的急迫性，並作出像我們今天宣佈這批疫苗的提供此事一樣，把夥伴更緊密編織在一起。開放社會、全球的民主國家、認可創新與科技、保護發明、那些把科學的成果拿來幫助世界渡過疫情難關，並且不附帶任何條件，而是自由地提供出我們的社會可以研發出的成果。

謝謝。

※

你好，thank you so much for welcoming us. It is such an honor, for me to join with these two tremendous senators. Senator Duckworth and Senator Sullivan, who have served our nation in our nation’s military, whose personal stories of commitment and engagement in this region of the world are inspiring to me and many others. I serve on the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, and I chaired the appropriation sub committee in the Senate that is funding vaccine distribution to the world in partnership with the Biden Administration. As we were discussing, weeks ago, our concerns about the world and about this pandemic as as it continues to be a threat to health around the world. We were urging the Biden Administration to work with us, a bipartisan group across the Senate and the House, to announce significant donations of vaccines to the nations in need.

As you’ve just heard from Senator Sullivan, it is a long and deep relationship between the United States and Taiwan that was made purposeful and poignant and real for us in the difficult early days of this pandemic by a gift of contribution of 10 million masks that, at the moment when Americans, we were worried where they could find masks and where some other countries use that access to PPE, to their political benefit.

In this moment, we are announcing, the first of what is going to be a significant effort by the Biden Administration and the United States Congress to provide up to 80 million doses to many countries around the world and because Taiwan has been prevented from joining the world health alliance has had roadblocks put up towards its access to save effective vaccines we thought its of particular importance to celebrate the Biden Administration’s initiative and the support of congress that is bipartisan. In taking these effective and safe vaccines developed under the previous administration of the United States and with partnership around the world. And make certain that the people of Taiwan know, there are some countries that question whether the United States will come to the aid of our friends in Taiwan. This is the moment we thought was urgent and important for us, Mr. Foreign Minister, to make it clear, that we intend to do so.

I represent the small state of Delaware, my predecessor is now the President of the United States. 42 years ago, He voted for the Taiwan Relations Act, as we were traveling, members of our company was reading a book about the history of the Taiwan Relations Act and sharing with us about it. Dan is ever the scholar. And it was helpful to be reminded, this is not a new relationship, this is not a new partnership, I was last here with AIT director Christensen when we were opening a beautiful new state of the art facility center, for United States engagement here with Taiwan.

As we return tomorrow to the United States Senate, we will be taking votes this coming week, to pass this significant piece of legislation. Coming out of the Foreign Relations committee, it was known as the Strategic Competition Act, it includes the provision to make clear, again, the strength of the US-Taiwan relationship. As it moves through the full Senate with the support of these two senators who are on the Commerce Committee, as it is being shaped and finally hopefully enacted. There is always changes of legislations to come, but I am very hopeful, that we will take a strong bipartisan vote in the coming week, and pass the US Innovation and Competitiveness Act. It specifically recognizes the strategic importance of US-Taiwan relationship, the urgency of investing in innovation, and taking steps such as we take today, the announcement of this vaccine contribution, to more tightly weave together, the open societies, the democracies of the world, those that value innovation and science, those that protect inventions, and those that want to use the fruits of that science to help the world move past this terrible pandemic, not by adding strings to it, but by giving freely of what both of our societies have been able to develop, thank you.

「有些國家會質疑美國會不會來救援台灣。這就是那個時刻...我們要把話講很清楚，我們就是打算這麼做。」

美國參議員昆斯（Chris Coons, D-DE）
2021/6/6 9:30 訪台記者會
（聽打、翻譯，基隆市議員 張之豪）

感謝你們如此歡迎我們。我很榮幸加入兩位優秀的參議員，達克沃絲、蘇利文都曾在我國的軍隊服役，他們的人生故事中，在亞太區域的承諾與參與，對我與許多人來說，很有啟發意義。

我在參議院的外交委員會，也在該委員會旗下的撥款委員會擔任主席，就是負責撥款給拜登政府把疫苗配發給全球夥伴的計畫。幾週前我們就在討論我們對全球與疫情還在如何危害全球健康的關切。我們也要求拜登政府與我們合作，跨黨派，跨參議院與眾議院的大連線，來對全球需要的國家提供關鍵的疫苗。

正如你聽到蘇利文參議員所說，美國與台灣的關係既長久且深遠，並且正因為疫情爆發初期，台灣致贈了1000萬的口罩給我們，這讓美台關係，更為有目標、動人、並真實。畢竟當時我們還在擔心找口罩時，有些國家還在利用他們手上有的PPE等資源，來為自己謀取政治利益。

此刻，我們宣佈，在拜登政府與美國國會要提供相當關鍵的8000萬劑疫苗給全世界時，這是首批。因為台灣被世界衛生聯盟（按。應為口誤）阻擋在外不能加入，並且在尋購有效的疫苗的過程中，被四處樹立路障。我們認為現在尤其重要，我們肯定拜登政府的倡議並且有國會兩院跨黨派的支持，把這些在前任政府督導下研發出的有效、安全的疫苗，分享給我們全球的夥伴。

並且，我們也希望台灣民眾清楚知道，有些國家會質疑美國會不會來救援台灣。這就是那個時刻，我們認為這非常迫切也非常重要，外交部長先生，我們要把話講很清楚，我們就是打算這麼做。

我的選區是一個小州，德拉瓦州。我前任的議員，就是現任的美國總統。42年前，他對台灣關係法投下了贊成票。在來台灣的飛機上，我們一行人有人正在讀一本書，有關台灣關係法的歷史，並且與我們大家簡述分享。丹（蘇利文參議員）永遠都是那個學者型的（笑）。而被提醒這件事是很重要的：這不是一段新關係，這不是一個新夥伴關係。我上次來，我正陪同我們AIT的酈英傑處長，參加AIT一座新中心的成立，美麗、先進的建築的落成開幕典禮。

明天，當我們一行人回到美國參議院時，我們將會參與一個重要的法案表決。由外交委員會提案的，戰略競爭法，包括，再一次，清楚講述美台關係的規定。當法案提到參議院大會時，我身旁兩位在美國商務、科學和交通委員會的參議員，也將形塑與推動生效。未來當然會有更多立法上的修改，但我非常有信心，我們下週將在這個法案上會有跨黨派的表決，將通過美國創新與競爭力法。這個法案特別認可美台關係的戰略重要性，投資科技創新的急迫性，並作出像我們今天宣佈這批疫苗的提供此事一樣，把夥伴更緊密編織在一起。開放社會、全球的民主國家、認可創新與科技、保護發明、那些把科學的成果拿來幫助世界渡過疫情難關，並且不附帶任何條件，而是自由地提供出我們的社會可以研發出的成果。

謝謝。

※

你好，thank you so much for welcoming us. It is such an honor, for me to join with these two tremendous senators. Senator Duckworth and Senator Sullivan, who have served our nation in our nation’s military, whose personal stories of commitment and engagement in this region of the world are inspiring to me and many others. I serve on the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, and I chaired the appropriation sub committee in the Senate that is funding vaccine distribution to the world in partnership with the Biden Administration. As we were discussing, weeks ago, our concerns about the world and about this pandemic as as it continues to be a threat to health around the world. We were urging the Biden Administration to work with us, a bipartisan group across the Senate and the House, to announce significant donations of vaccines to the nations in need.

As you’ve just heard from Senator Sullivan, it is a long and deep relationship between the United States and Taiwan that was made purposeful and poignant and real for us in the difficult early days of this pandemic by a gift of contribution of 10 million masks that, at the moment when Americans, we were worried where they could find masks and where some other countries use that access to PPE, to their political benefit.

In this moment, we are announcing, the first of what is going to be a significant effort by the Biden Administration and the United States Congress to provide up to 80 million doses to many countries around the world and because Taiwan has been prevented from joining the world health alliance has had roadblocks put up towards its access to save effective vaccines we thought its of particular importance to celebrate the Biden Administration’s initiative and the support of congress that is bipartisan. In taking these effective and safe vaccines developed under the previous administration of the United States and with partnership around the world. And make certain that the people of Taiwan know, there are some countries that question whether the United States will come to the aid of our friends in Taiwan. This is the moment we thought was urgent and important for us, Mr. Foreign Minister, to make it clear, that we intend to do so.

I represent the small state of Delaware, my predecessor is now the President of the United States. 42 years ago, He voted for the Taiwan Relations Act, as we were traveling, members of our company was reading a book about the history of the Taiwan Relations Act and sharing with us about it. Dan is ever the scholar. And it was helpful to be reminded, this is not a new relationship, this is not a new partnership, I was last here with AIT director Christensen when we were opening a beautiful new state of the art facility center, for United States engagement here with Taiwan.

As we return tomorrow to the United States Senate, we will be taking votes this coming week, to pass this significant piece of legislation. Coming out of the Foreign Relations committee, it was known as the Strategic Competition Act, it includes the provision to make clear, again, the strength of the US-Taiwan relationship. As it moves through the full Senate with the support of these two senators who are on the Commerce Committee, as it is being shaped and finally hopefully enacted. There is always changes of legislations to come, but I am very hopeful, that we will take a strong bipartisan vote in the coming week, and pass the US Innovation and Competitiveness Act. It specifically recognizes the strategic importance of US-Taiwan relationship, the urgency of investing in innovation, and taking steps such as we take today, the announcement of this vaccine contribution, to more tightly weave together, the open societies, the democracies of the world, those that value innovation and science, those that protect inventions, and those that want to use the fruits of that science to help the world move past this terrible pandemic, not by adding strings to it, but by giving freely of what both of our societies have been able to develop, thank you.

(✪‿✪)ノ排程中晝發文 #國際法法理建國Q&A

Q43&44是同一位網友發文，所以一起發～

Q43：那麼，日本是美國託管，但日本是由日本人在管理。台灣卻不是由台灣人自己管理而是由託管者中華民國管理，這是不對的。我可以這樣說嗎？

A43:

無論是日本本土還是台澎，所有佔領軍全都是依照《一般命令第一號》在全體盟軍成員授權下實施佔領代管。
日本當地除了美國之外，還有大英國協佔領軍(英國澳洲印度紐西蘭聯合佔領軍)來進行佔領。
台澎領土這邊就是派ROC來佔領。
不是用託管一詞，我們用「代管」這個詞比較不會跟聯合國託管制度搞混~
（聯合國託管制度是在1945.10.24成立聯合國後才開始運用的制度；對台澎的佔領代管是依據1945.9.2發佈的《一般命令第一號》來進行。）

日本無條件投降後簽署《降伏文書》，同一天 盟軍總部發佈《一般指令第一號》及其附件《一般命令第一號》（ 英文版跟日文版），讓日本政府向國民發布
https://www.mofa.go.jp/mofaj/files/000097066.pdf

👉🏻那接受投降之後呢？接下來會有一件事情就是要進行佔領。
在國際法上一個戰爭要正式結束，交戰雙方他們會簽訂一個和平條約，這和平條約裡面會寫清楚這個戰爭到底最後要怎麼樣去處理，那在從投降到簽署條約這一段期間，你必須要維持相關地區的一個安定、穩定。
如果說你今天戰勝方他沒有辦法去控制這個戰敗方的領土的話，那戰敗方在他的領土裡面，如果還是有人想要再出來繼續滋事，就是繼續要再開戰，那這戰爭是不會結束的。

「盟總時期」詳細說明這邊有：
https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%90%8C%E7%9B%9F%E5%9C%8B%E8%BB%8D%E4%BA%8B%E4%BD%94%E9%A0%98%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC

———————————
Q44: Ok, 所以美國代管日本，但由日本人管理，美國人代管南韓，由南韓人管理，台灣由中華民國代管，卻不是由台灣人管理，這說不過去，對吧？

A44:
👉🏻美國跟大英國協佔領軍到日本本國領土作軍事佔領，用意就是投降停戰到簽訂和平條約之前，軍事佔領控制日本。

//1945.9.2盟軍於日本正式成立了盟軍總部。//

我們來看《舊金山和約》上對「軍事佔領」的處置，第 6 條：“（a) All occupation forces of the Allied Powers shall be withdrawn from Japan as soon as possible after the coming into force of the present Treaty, and in any case not later than 90 days thereafter. Nothing in this provision shall, however, prevent the stationing or retention of foreign armed forces in Japanese territory under or in consequence of any bilateral or multilateral agreements which have been or may be made between one or more of the Allied Powers, on the one hand, and Japan on the other. “

第6條【佔領結束】（a).自本條約生效之後，所有盟國佔領軍應儘速自日本撤出，此項撤軍不得晚於本條約生效後 90 日。若日本與盟國締結有關外國軍隊駐紮或保有於日本領土之雙邊或多邊協定者，不受本條規定所限。

//《舊金山和約》只有提到對日本（這指和約生效後的日本，範圍不包括日本依和約放棄的領土台澎）的佔領在和約生效後 90 天內必須結束。//

《舊金山和約》1952.4.28生效，對「日」佔領依第六條結束後，美國的主要佔領國身分就失去意義了。
—
👉🏻中華民國政權1945.10.25為了執行盟軍佔領所成立的「行政長官公署」，在法律的性質上，與1945.9.2盟軍於日本正式成立的盟軍總部相同，都是盟軍佔領機構，即使名稱中被刻意加上「台灣省」（台灣省行政長官公署）。

台澎是戰敗國日本領土，台澎人是戰敗國人民，沒有討價還價的資格。如果日籍台澎人反抗，反而會違背《降伏文書》的停戰協議。

而中華民國政權開始佔領代管台澎後也就在台澎辦選舉了，1951.2.1第一任中華民國政權治下民選臺北市長就職，但在《舊金山和約》1952.4.28生效以前台澎人是日籍，這個舉辦的選舉，只是代管機構幫日籍台澎人做的，並不會因為代管機構體制內的選舉而產生領土轉移的效力，更不會讓日籍台澎人變成中國籍。

中華民國有合法治理權，只是中華民國主張在1945.10.25「光復」台灣，這個騙局不對，明明沒有台澎主權卻主張台灣是中國的一省。

又因為《舊金山和約》1952.4.28日本放棄對台澎的一切權利，且和約內對台澎的處置是歸屬未定，在領土主權歸屬確定前，這個「暫時軍事佔領代管」就會一直延續下去喔！

再來盟軍授予中華民國政權治理台澎的權限，至今仍然有效，可參考英國 1955 年內閣文件 CAB 129/73/38的翻譯說明，https://www.facebook.com/rotpnetwork/photos/a.802796716480053/912347392191651/?type=3

（英國這份文件非常有價值，原因在於英國1950年就承認中華人民共和國政權是中國代表政府，但仍認為中華民國政權有繼續依據盟軍先前安排管理台澎的權限，因為中華民國政權是盟軍代表身份而非中國代表身份來台代管。）
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👉🏻朝鮮事情可以先看這一篇 Q&A30：https://reurl.cc/Q7WMp9
南北朝鮮 於1945年盟軍代表開始佔領，1948 年美蘇才分別在佔領區成立地方政權，讓韓國人能夠掌管當地事務。而且《舊金山和約》明確說了「承認朝鮮回復獨立國家」，因為朝鮮本來就是獨立國家，只是大韓帝國被日本逼迫簽署兼併領土時，國家法人格中斷，因此美蘇佔領期間，要幫助朝鮮回復國家法人格。
但蘇聯沒有按盟軍指令任務，自行扶植共產勢力；而美國有好好完成代管任務協助建立大韓民國國家法人格，主張整個朝鮮半島領土主權。
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👉🏻「法屬印度支那」的部分（現今越南）的例子無法套用到台澎，根本原因在於越南原本就是是戰勝國法國的領土，中華民國政權本來就不能久佔，在當地日軍遣返得差不多之後就該離開，它不離開，被當地人聯合主權擁有國（法國）趕走是正常的。
詳見：Q&A40:越南人怎麼趕走國民黨軍隊的？：https://reurl.cc/9ZRz6j
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👉🏻盟軍佔領德國的時候，納粹德國政府就整個解散了，在佔領區分別成立治理政權。德國人有誰在那裡說「說不過去」嗎？

👉🏻結論：
要怎麼管是佔領軍可以自由選擇的事情，但不能違背相關條約，無論是在哪個地方，日本本土也好，南北朝鮮也罷，當地人民都是在佔領者安排下參與地方事務，沒有什麼好比較的。

（關鍵字搜尋🔍國際法法理建國，敬請期待明天的問與答）