【東京奧運「照常舉辦」、「延期」還「取消」？外媒這樣表達】

• 各例句取自於 BBC、The New York Times、The Guardian 等來源

• 總提醒：奧運 (The Olympic Games) 因為有很多運動項目，一般 The Olympic Games 被當成複數名詞，不是中文所想的「奧運比賽」，一種大型賽事的感覺。在新聞寫作中，為了避免一直重複全名，很常以 The Games 作為代稱。

• 文章 highlight: 「綜合來講，舉辦在這邊常用的是主動的 take place 或是被動用法 to be held。預定在何時舉辦的「預定」用法有 to be scheduled, to be set, to be due, 以及紐約時報很漂亮的 to be slated. 用法。」

【敘述照常舉辦】

1️⃣ We are doing all we can to ensure that the Games go ahead as planned.

這句話使用了 to go ahead as planned 當作照常舉辦。是官方和外媒最常使用的說法。as planned 為 as it is (was) planned 的省略.

2️⃣ The organizers are doing everything they can to have the games go on in the summer as planned.

這邊使用的是 to have the games go on (後面也是使用 as planned) 。有關繼續，也可以用 to continue as planned/scheduled.

3️⃣ The International Olympic Committee has sought to play down fears of Tokyo 2020 being delayed because of the coronavirus outbreak by insisting the Games will go ahead as scheduled.

這邊使用的是 to go ahead as scheduled.

【敘述東奧的舉辦起迄時間】

綜合來講，舉辦在這邊常用的是主動的 take place 或是被動用法 to be held。預定在何時舉辦的「預定」用法有 to be scheduled, to be set, to be due, 以及 to be slated.

紐約時報果然是紐時，用了 to be slated 的漂亮用法。

1️⃣ The Games of the XXXII Olympiad are set to take place from July 24 to Aug. 9 in Tokyo and surroundings.

這邊使用了 are set to take place

2️⃣ The board "expressed its full commitment to the success of the Olympic Games Tokyo 2020 taking place from 24 July to 9 August.

這句也使用了 take place, 但小心注意句型的不同

3️⃣ The Games are due to be held from 24 July to 9 August.

這邊使用了 are due to be held

4️⃣ The Summer Olympic Games are scheduled to be held from July 24 to Aug. 9 in Tokyo.

只差一點，這句使用了 are scheduled to be held

同樣使用 are scheduled to be held 的還有這句，但因為這句的重點是放在「會被延期」，所以以插入語的方式補充說明。

5️⃣ The Olympic Games, which are scheduled to be held this summer in Tokyo, could be postponed until later this year amid the coronavirus outbreak.

6️⃣ For weeks, there's been speculation that the viral outbreak could disrupt the Tokyo Olympics, which is slated to start on July 24.

【延期這樣說】

1️⃣ Speculation of a delay had mounted further when Japan’s Olympic minister, Seiko Hashimoto, had said the Games could be moved to the end of the year because of coronavirus.

延到年底 "to be moved to the end of the year"

2️⃣ Tokyo 2020 Olympics could be postponed amid the coronavirus outbreak.

這句使用的是 to be postponed

3️⃣ If the coronavirus is not under control by summer, the Tokyo 2020 Olympics contract may allow for postponement.

這邊使用的是名詞 postponement，整體感覺會比直接說 to be postponed 比較抽象一些。

4️⃣ The 2020 Tokyo Olympics won't be delayed by the coronavirus outbreak.

當然大家最常使用的 delay 也是一個選項 (注意詞性喔)

【經濟學人簡單學】 在感情上你是 Netflix and Chill 派還是 Hulu and commitment 派呢？

最新一期的經濟學人專題討論了在影音串流平台如Netflix、Disney、HBO、Hulu 的「戰國時代」，投資者不斷挹入資金、巨頭們不斷出新招想要獨佔鰲頭的背景下，也有哪一些風險需要注意。

在美國的歷史上，有歷經幾次投資潮，像是 1860 年代的鐵路建設潮 (the railways in the 1860s)、1940年代的底特律汽車工業投資潮 (Detroit's car industry in the 1940s) 等等。而如今，娛樂產業 (the entertainment industry) 成了另外一項可能讓人「發大財」的源頭。

就在過去的五年間，光娛樂產業就花了至少6500 億美元在收購與製作節目。而這樣的狂潮 (binge)，普遍被認為是過去20年創新型破壞所累積出的結果。

In total the entertainment business has spent at least $650bn on acquisitions and programming in the past five years. This binge is the culmination of 20 years of creative destruction.

目前在影音串流媒體市場的競爭市場的玩家包含了 Netflix、Disney、AT&T Time Warner、Comcast 和其他小型的公司。另外儘管他們整體的市場佔有率更不高，但有三個科技公司也相當活躍，分別是 Youtube、Amazon、以及Apple。

The contenders include Netflix, Disney, AT&T Time Warner, Comcast, and smaller upstarts. Three tech firms are active, too-\-\Youtube (owned by Alphabet), Amazon, and Apple, although their collective market share is still small.

也因為這樣的激烈競爭 (fierce competition)，消費者成了最大的受益者，有個更多更好的選擇，可以更便宜地享受串流媒體的服務（基本上都低於一個月15美元)。像在去年，串流媒體製作了496個節目 / 電影，已經是2010年的兩倍。而製作的品質也一直在提升，這從串流媒體製作的節目、電影所得到的提名數以及情節的多樣性發展中，都可以看到。

Consumers have more to choose from at lower prices and can pick from a variety of streaming services that cost less than $15 each. Last year 496 new shows were made, double the number in 2010. Quality has also risen, judged by the crop of Oscar and Emmy nominations for streamed shows and by the rising diversity of storytelling.

雖說還是會有人擔心一味地討好消費者，最終會以悲劇作結。美國歷史上就有兩個血淋淋的例子。當今以服務品質差且價格高的寡頭壟斷電信產業及航空業，就是在 1990 年代歷經激烈競爭後因資金緊張，最終歷經合併後所導致的結果。

History offers two dispiriting examples of how a consumer-friendly boom can turn into a stitch-up. Telecoms and airlines in America saw a riot of competition in the 1990s only to become financially-stretched and then reconsolidated into oligopolies that are known today for poor service and high prices.

但對於我們來說，似乎不用想那麼多。我還是打開Netflix，繼續 binge watch 我的 How to get away with murder!

【字彙補充】
1️⃣ streaming service [C] 影音串流平台 (可數)

2️⃣ 當人家說要 Netflix and chill 時，通常不是只是「蓋棉被純聊天」，看看電影聊聊天而已，通常帶有性暗示。同時也有 Hulu (另外一個串流平台) and commitment 的有趣用法，相較於 Netflix and chill 認真許多，是在找穩定的另外一半。

Nick: Wanna Netflix and chill?

Rene: I'm looking for something more serious. I want Hulu and commitment.

【經濟學人簡單學】 在感情上你是 Netflix and Chill 派還是 Hulu and commitment 派呢？

最新一期的經濟學人專題討論了在影音串流平台如Netflix、Disney、HBO、Hulu 的「戰國時代」，投資者不斷挹入資金、巨頭們不斷出新招想要獨佔鰲頭的背景下，也有哪一些風險需要注意。

在美國的歷史上，有歷經幾次投資潮，像是 1860 年代的鐵路建設潮 (the railways in the 1860s)、1940年代的底特律汽車工業投資潮 (Detroit's car industry in the 1940s) 等等。而如今，娛樂產業 (the entertainment industry) 成了另外一項可能讓人「發大財」的源頭。

就在過去的五年間，光娛樂產業就花了至少6500 億美元在收購與製作節目。而這樣的狂潮 (binge)，普遍被認為是過去20年創新型破壞所累積出的結果。

In total the entertainment business has spent at least $650bn on acquisitions and programming in the past five years. This binge is the culmination of 20 years of creative destruction.

目前在影音串流媒體市場的競爭市場的玩家包含了 Netflix、Disney、AT&T Time Warner、Comcast 和其他小型的公司。另外儘管他們整體的市場佔有率更不高，但有三個科技公司也相當活躍，分別是 Youtube、Amazon、以及Apple。

The contenders include Netflix, Disney, AT&T Time Warner, Comcast, and smaller upstarts. Three tech firms are active, too--Youtube (owned by Alphabet), Amazon, and Apple, although their collective market share is still small.

也因為這樣的激烈競爭 (fierce competition)，消費者成了最大的受益者，有個更多更好的選擇，可以更便宜地享受串流媒體的服務（基本上都低於一個月15美元)。像在去年，串流媒體製作了496個節目 / 電影，已經是2010年的兩倍。而製作的品質也一直在提升，這從串流媒體製作的節目、電影所得到的提名數以及情節的多樣性發展中，都可以看到。

Consumers have more to choose from at lower prices and can pick from a variety of streaming services that cost less than $15 each. Last year 496 new shows were made, double the number in 2010. Quality has also risen, judged by the crop of Oscar and Emmy nominations for streamed shows and by the rising diversity of storytelling.

雖說還是會有人擔心一味地討好消費者，最終會以悲劇作結。美國歷史上就有兩個血淋淋的例子。當今以服務品質差且價格高的寡頭壟斷電信產業及航空業，就是在 1990 年代歷經激烈競爭後因資金緊張，最終歷經合併後所導致的結果。

History offers two dispiriting examples of how a consumer-friendly boom can turn into a stitch-up. Telecoms and airlines in America saw a riot of competition in the 1990s only to become financially-stretched and then reconsolidated into oligopolies that are known today for poor service and high prices.

但對於我們來說，似乎不用想那麼多。我還是打開Netflix，繼續 binge watch 我的 How to get away with murder!

【字彙補充】
1️⃣ streaming service [C] 影音串流平台 (可數)

2️⃣ 當人家說要 Netflix and chill 時，通常不是只是「蓋棉被純聊天」，看看電影聊聊天而已，通常帶有性暗示。同時也有 Hulu (另外一個串流平台) and commitment 的有趣用法，相較於 Netflix and chill 認真許多，是在找穩定的另外一半。

Nick: Wanna Netflix and chill?

Rene: I'm looking for something more serious. I want Hulu and commitment.