【每日國際選讀：六大災難專題報導】
No.3 #美國911事件
🚨911的啟示——美國的警鐘到全球的喪鐘？

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🛩When al Qaeda terrorists flew jetliners into the World Trade Center and the Pentagon, they delivered an unprecedented shock to the nation’s sense of security and its economy. Commercial aviation was grounded for three days. The destruction to lower Manhattan closed the stock markets. Heightened security slowed trade with Canada and Mexico to a crawl. Nervous shoppers stayed away from stores and malls.
當蓋達組織駕駛著噴射客機撞向紐約世貿中心及五角大廈時，他們給美國的安全感以及經濟帶來了前所未有的衝擊，航空業因此停業三天，曼哈頓下城區的毀壞導致股票休市，高強度的安檢使得跟加拿大及墨西哥間的貿易停滯不前，焦慮的民眾因此不敢到商店及購物中心消費。

-unprecedented: 前所未見的（最近很常出現的用字！）
-ground: 常見用法是名詞為地板，此做動詞是禁足、限制的意思
-crawl: 爬行，此作名詞使用

🛩Economists predicted the attacks would tip a slowing economy into recession. People would be more reluctant to fly, work in a tall building or base their office in New York City.
因民眾將愈發不願搭乘飛機、在高樓工作，或是將辦公室設於紐約，當時經濟學家預測這將使當時已放緩的美國經濟進入衰退。

-tip: 使傾倒，這邊是個很生動的用法，搭配介係詞into，表示將當時已經搖搖欲墜經濟給再推了下，推入衰退中，這也是近期在專欄中第二次出現的字了！
reluctant: 不情願的

📉But the U.S. bounced back remarkably quickly. It was later determined that a recession triggered by the technology bust had begun six months before the attacks and ended two months afterward.
但隨後美國經濟卻迅速反彈，事後發現當時經濟已經因為半年前的科技泡沫而開始衰退，隨後在911事件兩個月後，這波衰退就結束了。

-bounce back: 反彈
-determine: 確定、查明
-trigger: 作名詞是槍上的板機，動詞則引申為觸發之意
＊technology bust: 又名為Dot-com bubble，網路泡沫，從1995年開始至2000年三月到達高點，期間納斯達克指數大漲400%，2000年三月後開始回跌，到2002年十月時將泡沫期間的漲幅全數吐回。

🚀One reason was the aggressive policy response. The day the markets reopened, the Fed and its counterparts in the Eurozone, Canada and Sweden all slashed rates. Low rates inspired auto manufacturers to roll out zero percent financing, sending sales skyrocketing. Fears of terrorism faded when new attacks didn’t materialize.
經濟反彈的主因為積極的政策應對，在市場重啟的那天，聯準會以及歐元區、加拿大與瑞典的央行都紛紛降息，低利率促使汽車製造商推出零利率貸款，因此讓銷量飛昇，後續也沒有新的恐攻發生，民眾因此對恐怖主義的懼怕也逐漸消退。

-slash: 名詞就是斜槓，動詞可以想像就是畫一條斜線，有砍下去的意思，因此搭配rates(利率)就是降息的意思喔！
-roll out: 推出、實施（新的方案等）
skyrocket: 飛向天空的火箭，做動詞用就是有如火箭升空一般，表示迅速飆漲、飛昇

💵Within two weeks Congress approved $40 billion for emergency rebuilding and defense and $5 billion in cash assistance and up to $10 billion in loan guarantees to airlines. Both parties agreed more stimulus was needed but negotiations soon bogged down over its composition. When a package worth $51 billion over one year and $94 billion over five years finally passed in March, a recovery was already well under way.
在兩週內美國國會就通過了400億美元的緊急重建與國防資金、50億美元的現金援助，以及高達100億美元的航空業擔保貸款，當時民主與共和兩黨都同意需要更多的經濟刺激方案，但不久後方案協商即陷入僵局，到了三月才終於通過一年510億的預算以及五年內940億美元的預算，到了此時經濟已進入復甦階段。

-approve: 通過、核可
-bog down: 阻礙、攔阻
-composition: 本為作曲、作文之意，此處為方案的產出

To be continued…
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原文連結請見留言
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❓❓Quiz: The outbreak _____ the economy into ______.
🙋🏼‍♀️🙋🏻‍♀️💁這場疫情使經濟陷入衰退。
A. tip, recession
B. tipped, recession
C. tripped, recess
D. Batman, Spartan
(第一版出題有誤，已修正）

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#EZTalk #你不知道的美國大小事 #新專欄上線 #說到美國運動你還能想到什麼

🏀 Basketball Idioms

『備胎女友rebound girlfriend』原來跟籃球有關😮
今天來聊由籃球延伸出來的生活用語～

1. a slam dunk
2. sth. / sb. + on the rebound
3. full-court press

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While James Naismith was Canadian, the physical education teacher invented basketball while working at the Springfield YMCA in Massachusetts, making basketball an American sport. After its invention in 1891, basketball spread quickly across America, and it now the country’s third most popular sport. So just as with baseball and football, there’s no shortage of basketball idioms.

In basketball, a slam dunk is a hard shot to miss. So in everyday life, 📌 a “slam dunk” is a “sure thing”—something that is easy to accomplish or certain to happen. Ex: They found the killer’s prints on the gun, so the case is a slam dunk.

After a missed shot in basketball, there’s still the chance to get a rebound and score. 📌 So if something is “on the rebound,” it means it’s recovering or improving after a difficult time. Ex: After a big drop last week, the stock market is on the rebound.

📌 And if a person is “on the rebound,” it means they’re recovering after a breakup. Ex: Karen refused to date Robert while he was still on the rebound.

A full-court press in basketball is an aggressive defense strategy, 📌 so it has also come to mean any type of aggressive, all-out effort. Ex: If we want to win market share from our competitor, it’s going to take a full-court press.

【✍關鍵單字】
1⃣physical education：「體育」，簡稱 PE。
2⃣shot：「投籃、射籃」，當名詞。動詞是shoot。
3⃣slam dunk：「灌籃」，slam指「猛擊」，dunk指「扣籃」，slam dunk指籃球員將籃球高高舉起，等手與球高度高於籃框後，由上而下將球猛地塞進籃框。
4⃣rebound：「反彈球」，指投籃未中、從籃框彈出的反彈球。
5⃣full-court press：「全場緊迫盯人」，為籃球戰術。court指「（籃）球場」。

【📕中譯】
雖說詹姆斯奈史密斯是加拿大人，但他在麻州春田基督教青年會國際訓練學校擔任體育老師時，發明了籃球，因此籃球可說是貨真價實的美國運動。自1891年發明以來，籃球快速在美國傳播開來，現在已經是美國第三種最受歡迎的運動。因此，籃球跟棒球、美式足球一樣，相關片語一點也不少。

籃球中的slam dunk（灌籃）是必然得分的投籃方式，所以，要是說📌某事就跟slam dunk一樣，就是說「當然的事」，即能輕易達成、或必然發生之事。如：They found the killer’s prints on the gun, so the case is a slam dunk.（他們在槍枝上發現了殺手指紋，破案是早晚的事。）

若投球沒有進籃，還是可以搶反彈球rebound得分。因此，如果📌某事物on the rebound，就是指歷經難關之後的復原期，也就是「回升、回穩、恢復中」。如：After a big drop last week, the stock market is on the rebound.（歷經上週重挫，本週股市逐漸回穩。）

要是說📌某人on the rebound，就是指剛失戀，仍處於恢復期，也就是「處於情傷中的」。如：Karen refused to date Robert while he was still on the rebound.（凱倫拒絕跟羅伯約會，因為羅伯還在情傷當中。）

full-court press（全場緊迫盯人，或稱全場防守）是種激進的籃球防守戰術，所以📌這個片語也指各種激進、全力以赴的作為，即「全面出擊、全力壓制」。如：If we want to win market share from our competitor, it’s going to take a full-court press.（如果我們想在市佔上贏過對手，就要全面出擊。）

圖片取自：Shutterstock.com
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#EZTalk #你不知道的美國大小事 #新專欄上線
🇺🇸全美瘋棒球：Baseball Idioms 棒球用語 Part 2📣

有關棒球的諺語一集實在介紹不完，本週繼續聊與球棒╱球⚾有關的片語 ：

1. play hardball
2. throw sb. a curve (ball)
3. right off the bat
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Baseball is sometimes called “hardball” because it’s played with a small, hard ball, unlike softball, which is played with a bigger, softer ball. Because hardball is more challenging than softball, 📍“play hardball” means “to be aggressive and do whatever is necessary to achieve a goal.” Ex: If you want a good deal on a new car, you need to play hardball with the dealer.

A curve ball is one of the hardest pitches to hit—it looks like it’s moving in a straight line, and then curves right before the batter tries to hit it. So 📍“throw sb. a curve (ball)” has come to mean “to do sth. unexpected that surprises or confuses sb.” Ex: I hope they don’t throw me any curve balls during the job interview.

As soon as the ball leaves the bat, the batter needs to start running to first base right away. For this reason, 📍“right off the bat” means “right away, immediately.” Ex: I knew right off the bat that Mark and I would be best friends.

【📕中譯】
棒球也稱hardball，因為棒球所使用的球，跟壘球相比較小又偏硬，也因棒球比壘球更為激烈困難，故📍 play hardball 在商場或政治上使用時，有『採強硬手段；為達目的不擇手段』之意。如：if you want a good deal on a new car, you need to play hardball with the dealer.（如果你要用好價錢買到新車，就得跟車商採強硬手段。）
曲球是投手所投出的一種最難打的球──球像直線飛出去，但在打者要打擊時突然轉彎。因此📍 throw sb. a curve (ball)可指『出其不意刁難某人、給某人出難題』。如：I hope they don’t throw me any curve balls during the job interview.（我希望他們不要在面試的時候出突擊問題。）
當球被打擊出去，打者必須立刻跑向一壘，因此📍right off the bat（球一離開球棒）有『立刻、馬上』的意思，如：I knew right off the bat that Mark and I would be best friends.（我當時馬上知道馬克會成為我的好麻吉。）

【✍關鍵單字】
1. related：「相關的」，baseball-related「跟棒球相關」。
2. softball：「壘球」，比起棒球（hardball）壘球較大偏軟。
3. dealer：「經銷商、商人」。
4. curve ball：「曲球」，棒球術語，前大聯盟投手王建明除了使用伸卡球，也會搭配曲球使用。
5. pitch：「投球」，可當動詞與名詞，pitcher為「投手」。
6. base：「壘」。

圖片取自：Aspen Photo / Shutterstock.com
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🔔 按下「搶先看」，不錯過最新美國大小事。想知道更多美國文化，請看 👉 http://bit.ly/EZTalk嚴選
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