#11Testing For Entailments

Entailment is usually a one-way relation between sentences: ... Two linguistic tests for entailment: ... Here's an example:.

於ling-blogs.bu.edu

#12Entailment Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster

The meaning of ENTAILMENT is the act or an instance of entailing something; specifically, estate law : the act or an instance of restricting the inheritance ...

於www.merriam-webster.com

#13Third Recognising Textual Entailment Challenge - Knowledge ...

For example, a Question Answering (QA) system has to identify texts that ... Examples were manually tagged for entailment (i.e. whether T entails H or not) ...

於www.k4all.org

#14Identify an entailment | Learn more (article) | Khan Academy

Identify an entailment that follows logically from given statements ... Example. If there are any inspired musical performances in the concert, the audience ...

於www.khanacademy.org

#15Identify an entailment | Worked example (video) | Khan Academy

於www.khanacademy.org

#16entailment | logic | Britannica

Other articles where entailment is discussed: metalogic: ... logical relations are implication (as in the first example above) and equivalence; and, ...

於www.britannica.com

#17Entailment Definition & Meaning | Dictionary.com

How to use entailment in a sentence ... The emancipated Negro struggles up to-day against many obstacles, the entailment of a brutal slavery. The Negro Problem| ...

於www.dictionary.com

#18Entailment definition and meaning | Collins English Dictionary

Entailment definition: the act of entailing or the condition of being entailed | Meaning, pronunciation, translations and examples.

於www.collinsdictionary.com

#197.2: Lexical entailments - Humanities LibreTexts

Examples from Cruse (1986: 14). Back to top. 7.1: Introduction · 7.3: Selectional restrictions.

於human.libretexts.org

#20Entailment - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Proof theory aims to capture such semantic notions as entailment in finitary ... An example for this encoding into first-order logic is shown in Fig.4(a); ...

於www.sciencedirect.com

#21Entailment Meaning | Best 2 Definitions of Entailment

An example of entailment is an original birth certificate submitted with a US passport application. noun. 0. 0.

於www.yourdictionary.com

#22ENTAILMENT | definition in the Cambridge English Dictionary

Examples of entailment. entailment. But metaphors invite their logical extensions, and these entailments can seamlessly influence thought.

於dictionary.cambridge.org

#23Textual Entailment - UPC

Textual Entailment examples. TEXT. • Eyeing the huge market potential, currently led by Google, Yahoo took over search company Overture.

於www.cs.upc.edu

#24Recognising textual entailment with logical inference

Each example is marked for entailment as TRUE if H follows from T and FALSE otherwise. The dataset is described in Section 4.1. Example: 1550 (TRUE).

於dl.acm.org

#25Generation of Textual Entailment within CSIEC - arXiv

The time and space complexity of our algorithm is tested with some entailment examples. Further works in- clude the rules annotation based on the Eng- lish ...

於arxiv.org

#26Defining Textual Entailment - PhilArchive

For example, an automated theorem prover would have background knowledge encoded as axioms for use in deductions. In one specific example of a theorem prover. ( ...

於philarchive.org

#27Textual Entailment Portal - ACL Wiki

In the TE framework, the entailing and entailed texts are termed text and hypothesis, respectively. An example of a positive TE (text entails ...

於aclweb.org

#28The PASCAL Recognising Textual Entailment Challenge

This situation might be confronted, for example, with the state of affairs in syntactic processing, where clear application- independent tasks, communities (and ...

於kdd.cs.ksu.edu

#29The General Notion of Entailment - jstor

most implausible entailments merely in virtue of the truth-values of antecedent and consequent: for example, any true proposition will be entailed by its.

於www.jstor.org

#30Entailment - WORDS IN A SENTENCE

Examples of Entailment in a sentence. 1. It is an entailment to say that, if the President was assassinated, then he must be dead.

於wordsinasentence.com

#31Fine-tuning pre-trained transformer models for sentence ...

It has over 433,000 examples and is one of the largest datasets available for natural language inference (a.k.a recognizing textual entailment).

於towardsdatascience.com

#32ENTAILMENTS,PRESUPPOSITIONS AN IMPLICATURES

Just as entailment relation results from lexical sources, it may also result from syntactic sources. Consider the following, for example,.

於www.iasj.net

#33AdvEntuRe: Adversarial Training for Textual Entailment with ...

We consider the problem of learning textual entailment models with limited supervision (5K-10K training examples), and present two complementary approaches ...

於aclanthology.org

#34SEMANTICS AND PRAGMATICS - PRESUPPOSITIONS AND ...

14. • The presupposition of those examples don't project because they are “destroyed” by entailments. • Remember that an entailment is something that ...

於www.slideshare.net

#35Sentence entailment in compositional distributional semantics

The examples of that section argue in favour of den- sity matrices over vectors for basis correlation cases, and our new density matrices are built in the same ...

於d-nb.info

#36SPARQL 1.1 Entailment Regimes

For example, under the RDFS entailment regime, one can query all legal RDF graphs, while under OWL 2 Direct Semantics, one can query all graphs ...

於www.w3.org

#37The Semantics of Entailment

textual entailments, marks entailment candidates as valid/invalid.6 For example: Example 1 . T: The head of the Italian opposition, Romano Prodi, ...

於www.phil.uu.nl

#38Understanding Entailments in OWL - CEUR-WS

For example, they would like to know what entailments arise from the justification and which axioms within the justification itself cause the.

於ceur-ws.org

#39Textual Entailment - Oxford Handbooks Online

Examples include modelling linguistic phenomena, discourse structure, inference, semantic processing, and cross-lingual perspectives on semantics. Ido Dagan.

於www.oxfordhandbooks.com

#40On the role of entailment patterns and scalar implicatures in ...

For example, (10a) entails (10b) (10) Downward entailing: at-least → exact a. Every one who owns at least three cars is from Boston b.

於www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

#41entailment - Translation into Russian - examples English

Translations in context of "entailment" in English-Russian from Reverso Context: I brung you these here hickory nuts as part of my entailment.

於context.reverso.net

#42ENTAILMENT RULES IN SEMANTIC THEORY., 1965-May

FOR EXAMPLE, IT IS NOT EASY TO SEE HOW ANY SLIGHT MODIFICATION OF THE NOTION ... EXAMPLES OF SITUATIONS IN ENGLISH CALLING FOR ENTAILMENT RULES ARE GIVEN, ...

於eric.ed.gov

#43Truth conditions & Entailment

KEY POINT: Contraposition holds for entailments. Presuppositions, however, have the property that contraposition does NOT hold. Consider examples (11) and (12):.

於blake.ppls.ed.ac.uk

#448 CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW AND CONCEPTUAL ...

literature studies of semantics, semantic relation, entailment, and The Da Vinci ... Kevesces gives an example of a rare metaphorical entailment happens.

於eprints.uny.ac.id

#45Conversational Implicature and Entailment - ELLO

For example, the sentence Mary had a baby and got married. strongly suggests that Mary had the baby before the wedding, but the sentence would still be strictly ...

於www.ello.uos.de

#46Distinction of Entailment and Presupposition

through examples. Keywords: Entailment, Presupposition. 1. Introduction. In talking about sentence relations and truth in semantics, there are several ...

於ccsenet.org

#47What is a Metaphorical Entailment | Glossary of Linguistic Terms

Examples : (English). The metaphorical entailment “an argument defines a path” is derived from the premise that “a journey defines a path” and the ...

於glossary.sil.org

#48Textual entailment with TensorFlow - O'Reilly Media

To begin, we'll look at positive entailment—when you read, for example, that “Maurita and Jade both were at the scene of the car crash,” you can ...

於www.oreilly.com

#49Incompatibility and entailment in the logic of norms

However, as Bulygin brilliantly shows, some fundamental logical relations remain very obscure in his approach. 7For example, Weinberger argues that the norm “~ ...

於journals.openedition.org

#50The PASCAL Recognising Textual Entailment ... - CiteSeerX

Table 1 includes a few examples from the dataset along with their annotation. As in other evaluation tasks our definition of textual entailment is opera- tional ...

於citeseerx.ist.psu.edu

#51A Textual Entailment Dataset from Science Question Answering

Figure 1: Example annotations for SCITAIL. RTE research, these datasets do not always capture the kind of entailment queries that naturally arise in an end ...

於www.aaai.org

#52Presupposition ad Entailment Yuanli Fan - Atlantis Press

entailment of English sentence, the semantic and pragmatic essence can be easily acquired ... ⅰ, Referring phrases and temporal clauses (for example) carry ...

於www.atlantis-press.com

#53necla-ml/SNLI-VE - Visual Entailment Dataset - GitHub

Otherwise, the relationship is neutral , implying the evidence in Pimage is insufficient to draw a conclusion about Htext. Examples from SNLI-VE. Examples. SNLI ...

於github.com

#54Recognizing Multimodal Entailment

Example of multimodal entailment where texts or images alone would not suffice for semantic understanding or pairwise classifications.

於multimodal-entailment.github.io

#55Bottom Clause | SpringerLink

Definition · inductive logic programming. It is used to refer to the most specific hypothesis covering a particular example when learning from entailment.

於link.springer.com

#56Text Entailment and Machine Translation Evaluation

seen as mutual entailment between a text T and a hypothesis H; in Informa- ... few language settings like, for example, in case of free word order languages ...

於www.cfilt.iitb.ac.in

#57Learning Large Logic Programs By Going Beyond Entailment

This approach is limited because entailment is a binary decision: a hypothesis either entails an example or does not, and there is no intermediate position.

於www.ijcai.org

#58Recognizing and Justifying Text Entailment through ...

To use lexical definitions as world knowledge in. Page 3. Figure 1: Example of role labeling for the definition of the “lake poets” synset. our text entailment ...

於andrefreitas.org

#59TAC 2008 RTE Track Guidelines - NIST

The Recognizing Textual Entailment (RTE) challenge is an annual exercise ... For example, given assumed common background knowledge of the ...

於www.nist.gov

#60RDF Graph Entailment - Stack Overflow

Can anyone tell me an example of entailment for two RDF graphs and explain them a bit. Thanks. Share.

於stackoverflow.com

#61Logic and Reasoning

Examples. • Examples of sound inference rules ... establishing entailment is equivalent to proving that no model exists that satisfies KB and ¬S.

於www.cs.cmu.edu

#62Difference Between Entailment and Presupposition | Compare

For example, if someone tells you, 'Jane's sister got married', there's an obvious presupposition that Jane has a sister. There are several ...

於www.differencebetween.com

#63A Survey of Paraphrasing and Textual Entailment Methods

In text summarization (Mani, 2001; Hovy, 2003), for example, an impor- tant processing stage is typically sentence extraction, which identifies the most ...

於www.jair.org

#64Recognizing Textual Entailment by Soft Dependency Tree ...

Keywords: Textual entailment; dependency parsing; dependency relation matching; rules; PETE dataset ... Consider an example from the PETE development set:.

於www.scielo.org.mx

#65Entailment, Presupposition, and Implicature | Encyclopedia.com

For example, according to a Fregean analysis of definite descriptions, the propositions expressed by (1a) and (1b) logically presuppose the proposition ...

於www.encyclopedia.com

#66Section 5.3 Entailment in predicate logic The fundamental ...

what we need is an example (counter-example) consisting of an interpretation, and values of the free variables that make all the premisses *true* and the ...

於www.math.mcgill.ca

#67Multimodal entailment - Keras

In this example, we will build and train a model for predicting multimodal entailment. We will be using the ...

於keras.io

#68entailment | English Definition & Examples - Ludwig.guru

Definition and high quality example sentences with “entailment” in context from reliable sources - Ludwig is the linguistic search engine that helps you to ...

於ludwig.guru

#69SciTail Dataset - Allen Institute for AI

Refer to our paper on SciTail, A Textual Entailment Dataset from Science Question Answering for additional information. Example. Question. Which of the ...

於allenai.org

#70Truth-conditions, entailment and logic - GIST

The examples in (41) are to get an idea of the kind of formulae predicate logic allows, and to which natural language sentences they roughly correspond. ( ...

於www.gist.ugent.be

#71entailment

For example, by saying. The PAINTERS broke the window, the speaker foregrounds. Entailment 1. The sentence uttered in this particular way generally.

於parles.upf.edu

#72Entailment and Monotonicity

... test for entailment relations is as follows: (2) φ entails ψ if and only if “φ but not ψ” is intuitively contradictory. For example:.

於scholar.harvard.edu

#73Presupposition and Entailment - eScholarship

However, syntactic constructions also have presuppositions. An example is the temporal subordinate clause of sentence (1). Sentence (1) presupposes (5). 5. John ...

於escholarship.org

#74ENTAILMENT IN ALLY CONDIE'S NOVEL “MATCHED”

For example in the novel. “Matched” by Ally Condie, 2010, on the page 1 the researcher finds out an example as follow: Page 15. I saw a painting of them once.

於repositori.uin-alauddin.ac.id

#75Presupposition and Entailment

Take a look at the example below: Jane's brother bought two apartments. This sentence presupposes that Jane exists and that she has a brother. The speaker may ...

於www.uniroma2.it

#76Using SPARQL with RDFS and OWL Entailment

pattern matching can be defined using semantic entailment relations instead subgraph matching. Example 3 We again use the data from Table 1 to illustrate ...

於www.uni-ulm.de

#77Entailment and Presupposition

Another example is the following pair of sentences: 7.a. Jac illed Ann. b. Ann died. The entailment here is a consequence of the semantic relationship between ' ...

於humanities.uobabylon.edu.iq

#78Entailment and Property Law - Erik Simpson

Thus, entailed property was usually inherited by male primogeniture (by the nearest male-line descendant of the original owner). For example, Sir Elliot is the ...

於eriksimpson.sites.grinnell.edu

#79An Entailment Checker for Separation Logic with Inductive ...

Given inductive predicate definitions, an entailment query, and a proof-search ... Examples of entailments are language inclusion between ...

於hal.archives-ouvertes.fr

#80CAN NEURAL NETWORKS UNDERSTAND LOGICAL ...

We introduce a new dataset of logical entailments for the purpose of measuring ... for example, if a typical B formula in a positive entailment (A, B, ...

於openreview.net

#81an entailment of the dead days comic - Universitas ...

For example, It's a dog entails It's not a fish. The truth of the first and the second sentence is in semantic relation of entailment, and the second sentence ...

於repository.umsu.ac.id

#82Entailment (linguistics) - Orange Campus Africa

Linguistic entailments occur when one may draw necessary conclusions from a particular use of a word, phrase or sentence. Entailment phrases are relations ...

於zims-en.kiwix.campusafrica.gos.orange.com

#83Epistemic Closure Principles - Internet Encyclopedia of ...

Knowledge might be closed under known entailment even if justified belief is not, if all the counterexamples to the closure of justification were examples ...

於iep.utm.edu

#849-RDFS-Semantics.pdf

RDF Entailment. RDFS Entailment ... Entailment: Example. Consider ... Example: φ φ → ψ ψ. W. Nutt. Semantic Technologies. 2014/2015. (12/60) ...

於www.inf.unibz.it

#85Language and meaning

Example. (4) All the objects in the box are red circles. ▷ Situation 1: G G. i.e. “true” ... Asymmetrical entailments: ... Entailment and monotonicity.

於www.lscp.net

#86Presupposition Projection and Entailment Relations

Turning back to the examples in (1.10), the utterance of the antecedent of (1.10a) or the first disjunct of (1.10b) in a context that entailed that ...

於www.tdx.cat

#87Most Popular Datasets For Neural Textual Entailment With ...

For example, it is used in question-answering systems to verify an answer from stored data. It may also be used to remove sentences that don't ...

於analyticsindiamag.com

#88Semantic Entailment and Natural Deduction

Prove semantic entailment using truth tables and/or valuation trees. ... Example: Or-Introduction and -Elimination.

於cs.uwaterloo.ca

#891 Monotonicity

Let's go through some examples. vNow. M is right downward monotonic. The following example illustrates the entailment pattern. Note that set(vviolinistwM. ) ...

於www.ucl.ac.uk

#90Inverse entailment and progol - Department of Computing

Least Herbrand models of logic programs 26~ fit neatly with the distinction between examples and conjectured theories in inductive inference. The syntax of ...

於www.doc.ic.ac.uk

#91Entailment, Presupposition, and Implicature in the Work of ...

Now, let us consider the implicitness strategies one at a time, with examples of how Hemingway used them to convey emotion without explicitly stating it. Early ...

於digitalcommons.lsu.edu

#92English Grammar: An Outline - 第 15 頁 - Google 圖書結果

One important relation between sentences deriving from their propositional meaning is entailment . Pat killed Kim , for example , entails Kim died .

於books.google.com.tw

#93Use “entailment” in a sentence - TranslateEN.com

Use “entailment” in a sentence | “entailment” sentence examples · 1) The first is that there are no systematic entailments between sentences differing only in ...

於www.translateen.com

#94the difference between upward and downward entailment

I have tried doing examples where the negative polarity item is moved from the verb phrase to the noun phrase but I still don't understand. Share.

於linguistics.stackexchange.com

#95Classical Validity and Entailment- Definitions - University of St ...

Problems with the classical conceptions of validity and entailment ... The concepts of validity and entailment are trade-marked. ... For example:-.

於www.st-andrews.ac.uk

#96ENTAILMENT RELATIONS AND/AS TRUTH VALUES 1 ...

valued logics, see, for example, [11], [13], [18]. ... of first-degree entailment as a starting point for making some observations.

於www.filozof.uni.lodz.pl

#97Explanation in OWL - OWL research at the University of ...

A justification is a type of explanation for an entailment (inference). More specifically, a justification ... In the example below there are four axioms.

於owl.cs.manchester.ac.uk

#98Entailment and Implication | The n-Category Café

To take a concrete example of the kind of thing I have in mind, in Lawvere's ... With the above definition of entailment using deductions, ...

於golem.ph.utexas.edu