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在 assume產品中有689篇Facebook貼文，粉絲數超過3,460的網紅Taipei Ethereum Meetup，也在其Facebook貼文中提到， 📜 [專欄新文章] Gas Efficient Card Drawing in Solidity ✍️ Ping Chen 📥 歡迎投稿： https://medium.com/taipei-ethereum-meetup #徵技術分享文 #使用心得 #教學文 #medium Assign r...

　同時也有880部Youtube影片，追蹤數超過16萬的網紅小楠 Curtis 的投資成長空間，也在其Youtube影片中提到，註冊! 充值就可以隨時隨地在 Capital 進行交易: https://bit.ly/capital-com-curtis 在 6 月 30 日之前參加夏季比賽並在Captial中獲得獎勵： http://bit.ly/capital-com-curtis-event 【深入分析系列】 1. A...

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assume 在 PROJEK KURUS ONLINE Instagram 的最讚貼文

2021-09-24 12:16:53

IBU BERSALIN CZER BOLEH KE BERSENAM? . Saya selalu dapat soalan mcm ni. Jawapan nya yes boleh tapi bergantung kepada kemampuan badan individu itu. Seb...

  • Taipei Ethereum Meetup

    assume 在 Taipei Ethereum Meetup Facebook 的最讚貼文

    2021-09-23 21:53:53
    有 6 人按讚

    📜 [專欄新文章] Gas Efficient Card Drawing in Solidity

    ✍️ Ping Chen

    📥 歡迎投稿： https://medium.com/taipei-ethereum-meetup #徵技術分享文 #使用心得 #教學文 #medium

    Assign random numbers as the index of newly minted NFTs

    Scenario

    The fun of generative art NFT projects depends on randomness. The industry standard is “blind box”, where both the images’ serial number and the NFTs’ index are predetermined but will be shifted randomly when the selling period ends. (They call it “reveal”) This approach effectively solves the randomness issue. However, it also requires buyers to wait until the campaign terminates. What if buyers want to know the exact card right away? We’ll need a reliable onchain card drawing solution.

    The creator of Astrogator🐊 isn’t a fan of blind boxes; instead, it thinks unpacking cards right after purchase is more interesting.

    Spec

    When initializing this NFT contract, the creator will determine the total supply of it. And there will be an iterable function that is randomly picking a number from the remaining pool. The number must be in range and must not collide with any existing ones.

    Our top priority is accessibility/gas efficiency. Given that gas cost on Ethereum is damn high nowadays, we need an elegant algorithm to control gas expanse at an acceptable range.

    Achieving robust randomness isn’t the primary goal here. We assume there’s no strong financial incentive to cheat, so the RNG isn’t specified. Implementers can bring their own source of randomness that they think is good enough.

    Implementation

    Overview

    The implementation is pretty short and straightforward. Imagine there’s an array that contains all remaining(unsold) cards. When drawIndex() is called, it generates a (uniform) random seed to draw a card from the array, shortens the array, and returns the selected card.

    Algorithm

    Drawing X cards from a deck with the same X amount of cards is equal to shuffling the deck and dealing them sequentially. It’s not a surprise that our algorithm is similar to random shuffling, and the only difference is turning that classic algo into an interactive version.

    A typical random shuffle looks like this: for an array with N elements, you randomly pick a number i in (0,N), swap array[0] and array[i], then choose another number i in (1,N), swap array[1] and array[i], and so on. Eventually, you’ll get a mathematically random array in O(N) time.

    So, the concept of our random card dealing is the same. When a user mints a new card, the smart contract picks a number in the array as NFT index, then grabs a number from the tail to fill the vacancy, in order to keep the array continuous.

    Tweak

    Furthermore, as long as the space of the NFT index is known, we don’t need to declare/initialize an array(which is super gas-intensive). Instead, assume there’s such an array that the n-th element is n, we don’t actually initialize it (so it is an array only contains “0”) until the rule is broken.

    For the convenience of explanation, let’s call that mapping cache. If cache[i] is empty, it should be interpreted as i instead of 0. On the other hand, when a number is chosen and used, we’ll need to fill it up with another unused number. An intuitive method is to pick a number from the end of the array, since the length of the array is going to decrease by 1.

    By doing so, the gas cost in the worst-case scenario is bound to be constant.

    Performance and limitation

    Comparing with the normal ascending index NFT minting, our random NFT implementation requires two extra SSTORE and one extra SLOAD, which cost 12600 ~ 27600 (5000+20000+2600) excess gas per token minted.

    Theoretically, any instantly generated onchain random number is vulnerable. We can restrict contract interaction to mitigate risk. The mitigation is far from perfect, but it is the tradeoff that we have to accept.

    ping.eth

    Gas Efficient Card Drawing in Solidity was originally published in Taipei Ethereum Meetup on Medium, where people are continuing the conversation by highlighting and responding to this story.

    👏 歡迎轉載分享鼓掌

  • Coach Hardiana

    assume 在 Coach Hardiana Facebook 的精選貼文

    2021-09-20 16:33:14
    有 0 人按讚

    IBU BERSALIN CZER BOLEH KE BERSENAM?
    .
    Saya selalu dapat soalan mcm ni. Jawapan nya yes boleh tapi bergantung kepada kemampuan badan individu itu. Sebab lain org lain recovery luka nya. Sbb apa lain?? Cara pemakanan tak sama, cara surgery operation dilakukan pon tak sama. Kekuatan body semua tak sama setiap mom!
    .
    So learn to listen to your body! Just try dulu! Cuba dulu jgn terus assume and judge.. cuba dulu baru tau! InshaAllah doa pada Allah aku nak sihatkan badan, improve stamina supaya lebih cergas kuat fit dan senang lakukan ibadat nanti.
    .
    Ada ke geng czer mom sini, komen kat bawah.. saya hadir! 😘

    .
    .
    𝑻𝒖𝒓𝒏 𝒐𝒏 𝒏𝒐𝒕𝒊𝒇𝒊𝒄𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝒂𝒏𝒅𝒂,𝒂𝒈𝒂𝒓 𝒂𝒏𝒅𝒂 𝒕𝒊𝒅𝒂𝒌 𝒌𝒆𝒕𝒊𝒏𝒈𝒈𝒂𝒍𝒂𝒏 𝒅𝒆𝒏𝒈𝒂𝒏 𝒑𝒐𝒔𝒕𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝒕𝒊𝒑𝒔2 𝒂𝒕𝒂𝒖 𝒊𝒏𝒇𝒐 𝒅𝒂𝒓𝒊𝒑𝒂𝒅𝒂 𝒔𝒚 @hardiana_fitmama .
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    Turun berat badan with Happiness bersama Hardiana❤ ONLINE COACHING Kurus Dari Rumah saja! Klik di link bio @hardiana_fitmama wassap untuk details
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  • assume 在 Facebook 的最讚貼文

    2021-09-16 21:08:53
    有 1,130 人按讚

    Just completed my medical for @chelseafc …Lukaku watch out 🤟

    In all seriousness I recently went to get my heart checked out because I noticed something wasn’t quite right…

    This made me get very anxious which as a result increased my heart rate even more when I had these concerns.

    So to make sure everything was 100% I did a full heart check up at the doctors and luckily I was given the all clear 🙏

    Apparently I was just super paranoid and had a little bit of anxiety which mentally made me think my heart was beating faster than usual 😅

    But when I spoke to the doctor, he mentioned that some people he had seen have had certain health related issues that they have simply ignored for years , not got checked and then as a result suffered long term effects because they didn’t get checked out / treated sooner.

    I don’t know why but in the last few years I’ve heard many really unfortunate stories about young people passing away due to health related issues that they had no awareness about…

    I know somebody that had no previous health problems that sadly passed away in their sleep because it turned out they had something wrong with their heart..😞

    So I suppose the point I am trying to make here ..is that you can’t put a price on your health. It’s probably the most important thing you can try and personally look after.

    So even if you feel the slightest pain or if you feel like something isn’t quite right…don’t wait around and assume everything will be ok.

    Just get checked out so that you can be reassured & also to make sure there is nothing wrong 🙏

    Life is very short nowadays…and we should always try to live it to the fullest by being aware of our health!

    Don’t take any chances 💪

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