翻轉視界 18 Changing Perspective

There's not just one road to the destination, but many roads. You just need to take the little step that’s right in front of you, and then the next one, and a few years down the track, they will seem like massive achievements.

通往目的地的路不止一條，有很多路可走。你只需要邁出眼前這一小步，然後再邁出下一步，幾年下來，將會成為巨大成就。

文章來自於New Humans of Australia (有取得授權)

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I didn’t meet my father until I was 6 years old. My parents had a comfortable, middle-class life in Shanghai, or as close as you could get under communism. But they always wanted to live overseas, and just before I was born, my dad came to Sydney to set things up. I don’t know why, but in the end, my mother and I didn’t join him until I was 6.

•a middle-class life 中產階級生活
•set things up 打點一切
•live overseas 往海外生活
•in the end 最後 (表達在經過一段時間或一連串事件之後的結果)

直到六歲前我都未曾見過父親。我的雙親在上海過著舒適的中產階級生活，或著說，在共產階級下所能得到的最接近的生活。他們一直響往海外生活，就在我出生前，我父親來到雪梨打點一切。但不知何故，直到六歲那年我與母親才終於與父親團聚。

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Unfortunately, half a year after we arrived, he left us. That was a huge shock. Our transition had already been quite difficult, as we both didn't speak English. Also, as Shanghai was such a big bustling city, Sydney felt a bit like the countryside, especially on the weekends, as no shops were open back then!

•shock 令人震驚的事件（或經歷）；驚愕，震驚 (come as a great shock 讓人倍感震驚)
•transition 轉變；過渡
•a bustling city 繁華都會

不幸的是，就在我跟母親抵達半年後，父親離開了我們。這是個巨大的打擊，因爲我們不會說英文，在適應過渡期本就已過得相當艱辛。此外，不同於上海的繁華都會，雪梨更像鄉下，尤其在週末，那時連商店都不開門。

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We were very much reliant on my dad, not only financially, but also as a conduit into the wider community. So to have that broken was quite distressing. I remember Mum crying a lot. As we had become socially isolated, we didn’t find out anything about Centrelink, so we survived on her savings for a while, and then got some help from her family back in China.

•be reliant on… 依賴...
•a conduit into 進入...的渠道
•distressing (adj.) 令人苦惱的,令人擔憂的
•become socially isolated 變得孤立於社會
•survive on her savings 僅靠的她積蓄過日子

我們相當依賴我父親，不僅是經濟，他也是我們進入更廣泛社區的渠道。因此，當局面被打破時令人相當痛苦，我還記得母親時常哭泣。由於我們孤立於社會，所以我們並不知道澳洲社會福利聯絡中心 （Centrelink）的任何資訊，僅靠母親的積蓄支撐了一段時間，然後從母親在中國的娘家得到一些幫助。

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Eventually, Mum moved us down to Melbourne, where we were able to make some new networks and family friendships. But I was bullied a bit at school about things like my food and clothing! Whenever someone bullied me, I would defend myself, but because I didn’t have the language skills to explain to the teacher why, I got in trouble quite a bit. I ended up having to move school 3 times before I came to Balwyn Primary School, which was relatively multicultural.

•be able to 能夠
•make new networks 建立新的人脈，關係網
•be bullied 被霸凌
•language skills 語言能力
•get in trouble 惹上麻煩
•end up 最後處於；最後成爲；以…告終
•relatively 相對地
•multicultural 多元文化的

最後，母親帶著我搬遷到墨爾本，在那我們能夠建立起新的網絡與家庭情誼。然而。我在學校飽受霸凌，例如我的食物及衣物。每當有人霸凌我，我會自我防衛，但我的語言技巧不足以向老師解釋事發原因，因此常常陷入麻煩。後來我不得不再三轉學，直到就讀相對多元文化的博文小學（Balwyn Primary School）。

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After that, I did alright. Music featured very prominently in my life. I had started learning the violin from the age of 2.5 years old and even with all the troubles that were going on in my life, had somehow still kept up with it. As a result, I got a music scholarship to Trinity Grammar School. But even there I used to get into quite a lot of mischief, and would often skip school to go to the movies.

•do alight 過得不錯，做的不錯
•feature (v.) 以…為特色；給…以顯著的地位
•prominently 重要地；著名地；突出地，顯眼地

之後，我便過得不錯。音樂在我生活中佔有重要的一席之地，我從兩歲半開始學習小提琴，儘管生活中事事不如意，我依然堅持不輟。因此，我獲得三一文法學校（ Trinity Grammar School）的音樂獎學金。但即使在那，我也常惡作劇、逃學看電影。

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By the end of year 11, I was told I would have to either repeat the year, or consider going to another school, which was quite humiliating for my mum. I decided to move school and surprisingly, I ended up doing quite well in year 12! As a result, I ended up getting into a double degree in Law and Music at Monash.

•repeat the year 留級 ; 重唸一年
•humiliating 令人感到恥辱的，丟臉的

11年級結束時，我被告知要麽被留級，要麼考慮轉學，這對我母親來說相當丟人。我決定轉學，而令人驚訝的是，我在12年級的時候表現優異，最後錄取蒙納士大學法律與音樂雙學位。

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When I started, my first thought was that I didn’t belong because I had done so badly in school up to year 11 and everyone else seemed so smart. But I put my head down, got through it, and ended up getting a job in the legal department of a major manufacturing company, which was a different approach to what most law students do.

•do not belong 不屬於這
•put my head down 埋頭苦幹
•the legal department of ...的法律部門
•a different approach 不同途徑
•approach （思考問題的）方式，方法，態度

當我開始進入大學，最初的想法是我不屬於這，因為我在11年級前都表現不佳，而這裡的人似乎都聰明絕頂。但我埋頭苦幹，咬牙撐過，最後在一家大型製造公司的法律部門找到工作，這與多數法律系學生的途徑不同。

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I really enjoyed it. It was hard work, but I learned a lot of foundational business, legal and corporate communication skills. After that I worked in corporate governance in RMIT, then started to moonlight as a lecturer in the Law Faculty. Eventually, they asked me if I wanted to do a PhD and I blindly said yes! I next worked at Swinburne University, and then was head-hunted to lead the corporate legal team at the Commercial Passenger Vehicles Commission.

•foundational 基礎的
•communication skills 溝通技巧
•corporate governance
•moonlight (v.) （尤指瞞著僱主）從事第二職業，兼職
•headhunt (v.) 物色（人才）； 挖角
•legal team 法律團隊

我非常喜歡這份工作，這是份辛苦的工作，但我學習了很多基礎商業、法律以及公司溝通技巧。之後我在皇家墨爾本理工大學（ RMIT）從事公司治理工作，並開始兼職擔任法律系講師。後來他們問我是否想要讀博士，我便盲目地答應了。接下來，我在斯威本大學（Swinburne University）工作，再被挖角到商用小客車委員會領導法律團隊。

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I had a good life, but after a while, I realised I wanted a different kind of job. I could see my seniors were making a lot of money but that their family life was not that good. And looking at my own upbringing, I wanted to be the kind of father who could be present in my own kids’ lives. So I decided on dentistry. It would not only allow me to use the hand skills that I had developed from playing the violin, but also the analytical and reasoning skills that I'd developed in law. Plus it would be flexible, and offer me a stable income and the chance to meet different people every day!

•upbringing 教養
•decide on sth 決定某事或東西
•analytical and reasoning skills 分析和推理能力
•offer a stable income 提供穩定收入

我的生活很不錯，但一段時間後，我意識到自己想要一份不同的工作。我知道前輩們賺了很多錢，但他們的家庭生活並不美滿。看著自己的成長經歷，我想要成為可以在孩子生活中出席的父親，所以我決定改行當牙醫。這項職業能讓我使用從拉小提琴中發展出的手部技巧，也能運用我在法律中發展出的分析與推理技能。此外，這個職業相當靈活，能為我提供穩定收入，並有機會每天與不同的人見面。

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My now fiancée, who was my girlfriend at the time, was also applying for further study, and coincidentally we both got into university in South Australia, so we moved to Adelaide together a few years ago.

•fiancée 未婚妻
•at the time 當時
•apply for 申請
•further study 繼續教育，進修；進一步研究；深造
•coincidentally 碰巧地；巧合地

我的未婚妻，當時的女友，也申請繼續深造，巧的是我們都考上南澳大學（University of South Australia)，所以幾年前一起搬到阿得雷德（ Adelaide）。

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I was lucky to get a university job at Flinders University. Initially, I started out as a casual lecturer in the law school, but I’ve since transitioned into teaching health law and research, and I’m currently writing a few books on the intersection between law and medicine. And also, obviously, trying to finish my dentistry degree!

•start out as… 起初擔任...
•transition into… 轉變到...

我很幸運的在福林德斯大學（Flinders University）找到工作，起初我在法學院擔任臨時講師，但我後來轉換到醫事法教學及研究。目前我正撰寫幾本關於法律與醫學相接的書籍，並努力完成我的牙醫學位。

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Mum eventually retrained as a Chinese high school teacher, and she’s still teaching to this day. Like most first generation migrants, she struggled quite a lot, and invested heavily in my success. After we’re married, my fiancée and I are planning to have children, and I’m sure they will have it much easier than I did.

•retrain 重新培養；再培訓；再訓練
•to this day 至今
•first generation migrants 第一代移民
•struggle a lot 掙扎奮鬥許久
•have it much easier 過的比較輕鬆

我的母親最終重新接受培訓，成為一名中文高中老師並執教至今。如同大多數第一代移民，她掙扎奮鬥許久，並為我的成功投資甚多。我與未婚妻打算婚後生孩子，我確信孩子會過的比我輕鬆得多。

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Still, a lot of the failures that I’ve had in my life have really informed a lot of my successes. Looking back, I wouldn't really want to change that to have a smoother life.

•inform [正式] 影響某人的態度或意見
https://www.ldoceonline.com/dictionary/inform

•have a smoother life 有一個更順遂的人生

我的生活中的種種失敗確實為我的成功提供借鑑。回首過去，我不會想要改變那些坎坷經歷去擁有一個更順遂的人生。

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Over the years, I've learned that perseverance is very important. I hope that through telling my story, I can be an example to others who might be in a similar position as I was: to show that there's not just one road to the destination, but many roads. You just need to take the little step that’s right in front of you, and then the next one, and a few years down the track, they will seem like massive achievements.

•over the years 多年來
•perseverance 不屈不撓，堅持不懈
•be an example 成為榜樣
•be in a similar position 處於相似的處境
•down the road/line/track 將來(的路)

多年來，我學到堅持不懈是至關重要的。我希望透過講述自己的故事，能成為其他可能與我有相似處境的人的榜樣：向他們展示通往目的地的路不止一條，有很多路可走。你只需要邁出眼前這一小步，然後再邁出下一步，幾年下來，將會成為巨大成就。

有興趣的同學可以支持New Humans of Australia

www.patreon.com/newhumansofaustralia

Photographer: Paul Heinrich instagram.com/paulfheinrich

文章與圖片出處: https://bit.ly/2XJsciq

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翻轉視界: http://bit.ly/3fPvKUs

批判性思考問題大全: http://bit.ly/34rdtJ7

[留學考試資源]

聽說蠻多同學要考托福或雅思，以下是幫大家整理的一些資源。

分享給需要的同學吧!

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TOEFL® Test Resources 📚

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📌 讀書計畫

•托福讀書計畫如何撰寫?
https://bit.ly/2YdvEyT

•托福自學直播
https://bit.ly/3h9iZ7B

•Ivy-Way Academy新舊TOEFL® Test大評比
https://blog.ivy-way.com/new-toefl-vs-old-toefl/

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📌 托福考試單字和文法資源

•學科詞彙
https://wp.me/p44l9b-1yU
https://top.zhan.com/cihui/toefl/

•對話場景詞彙
https://bit.ly/2Qu3Kha

•托福和雅思單字+文法學習
https://bit.ly/3fJSULR
密碼: EELStudent; 請從從最下方的 L1 學習到16.

•文法指南+FAQs (Grammar Guide)
https://bit.ly/3xvfct6

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📌 自學課程 Free Classes

•ETS TOEFL® Test Prep
https://www.youtube.com/user/TOEFLtv/playlists

•Edx TOEFL® Test Prep
https://www.edx.org/course/toefl-test-preparation-the-insiders-guide

•Coursera TOEFL® Test Prep
https://www.coursera.org/search?query=toefl

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📌 托福模擬考

•ETS Sample Questions
https://www.ets.org/s/toefl/free-practice/start.html
https://www.ets.org/toefl/test-takers/ibt/prepare/tests

在Google搜尋一下"TOEFL mock test", 應該就可以找到自己需要的練習題材了。

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IELTS Resources 📚

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📌 讀書計畫

•Leeds Mayi的IELTS準備計劃表
https://bit.ly/2TQ6ZB2

•雅思讀書計畫如何撰寫?
https://bit.ly/324j4TH

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📌 雅思詞彙和文法資源

•雅思核心詞彙 (非學科分類)
https://bit.ly/3e8ZOL0

•雅思聽力場景詞彙
https://bit.ly/3vHoPDy

•托福和雅思單字+文法學習
https://bit.ly/3fJSULR
密碼: EELStudent; 請從從最下方的 L1 學習到16.
(針對閱讀和聽力Part 4)

•文法指南+FAQs (Grammar Guide)
https://bit.ly/3xvfct6

•所有學科詞彙
https://wp.me/p44l9b-1yU

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📌自學課程

•英國文化協會雅思課程 https://www.futurelearn.com/courses/understanding-ielts

•英國文化協會的雅思備考影片
http://www.ieltsasia.org/tw/en/prepare/videos

•昆士蘭大學雅思課程
https://www.edx.org/course/ielts-academic-test-preparation-0

•雅思公開課影片連結
https://bit.ly/2WyZ4H9

•雅思公開課講義
https://bit.ly/3xvihta

•英國文化協會的雅思備考影片 http://www.ieltsasia.org/tw/en/prepare/videos

•雅思自學直播
https://bit.ly/320oM9e

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📌 全部雅思模擬考

•https://www.idpielts.me/free-ielts-practice-test/

•https://takeielts.britishcouncil.org/prepare-test/free-practice-tests

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📌 其他資源

•如何寫日期、數字、和金錢
Cambridge IELTS: https://goo.gl/hUwiiN
Simon IELTS: https://goo.gl/Yz6pPX
Liz IELTS: https://goo.gl/dKVGkw, https://goo.gl/t5z5kB

雅思+托福+GRE® Test寫作教學影片和範文
http://bit.ly/34Y8FIP

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📌 全部留學資源: https://bit.ly/2TzoItH

📌 英文學習資源大全: https://bit.ly/35HMkBy

文法學習資源包

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前幾天在粉專上有位同學問到文法資源的部分，她的兒子遇到寫作上的文法錯誤問題並且需要一些意見；而我的建議是不要單獨學文法。

我個人會透過閱讀和寫作學文法，但是這取決於你學習語言的目標、你的學習環境，以及你可以使用的資源。舉例來說，一個單純需要基本對話能力的人，可能覺得藉由不斷地聽和說就能達到好的成效；但就這個案例而言，只有機會聽與說也不見得能在短時間內看到明顯進步。

語言教學與學習有必要釐清這麼一個觀念： input ≠ intake ≠ uptake （輸入≠注意到的訊息量≠理解 ）。其中，input指的是外界的語音輸入，intake指的是注意到的訊息量 (新單字、片語和文法架構)，再加上持續在有意義的情境中使用語言 (meaningful output) 和老師各種的反饋 (feedback moves) 與學習者的反思(reflection)才會逐漸理解和有效的使用注意到的語言特徵。而uptake指的是語言輸入中被理解並學到的部分。

回到文法, 我通常不建議學生為了文法去學文法。學生必須找到文法結構、句型背後的意義，並主動運用在口說和寫作上。碰到不熟悉的架構也應該主動的去搜尋資源而學習 。相對的，老師則是可以進行有意義和情境式的文法教學。舉例來說，當教到第二類條件句「假設語氣」的時候，老師可以藉由教導學生運用並從而給予意見（e.g., If I were you, I would…），而不是得單純把所有條件和假設語氣句型全部背下。如此一來，學習文法會變得更有意義，你不再只是單純地學習句型而已。相對地，你正在有效地學習使用英文。

同學在學習文法時，先讓老師指出並解釋在閱讀和寫作上你忽略的文法特徵，幫助你糾正寫作上的錯誤；接著是思考這些錯誤並嘗試同時監控和自我修正。重點是不要把所有時間都花在得不到任何反饋的寫作上，這樣反而會不斷地重複自己的文法錯誤。學習者應該是要花時間在能提供反饋的練習上、持續地反思和精進自己的寫作能力。

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📌 英文文法學習資源:

1. 為什麼要學文法?
http://bit.ly/2ZiTp83

2. 英語語法的溝通功能 Making Sense of English
https://ocw.nctu.edu.tw/course_detail.php?bgid=5&gid=0&nid=415

3. 英語文法與寫作
http://ocw.ntust.edu.tw/index.php/frontend/show/info_page1/189

4. 英文寫作基礎
http://ocw.aca.ntu.edu.tw/ntu-ocw/index.php/ocw/cou/102S212

5. 英文和標點符號 (英文學術寫作系列)
https://www.coursera.org/learn/grammar-punctuation

6. 中階英文文法
https://www.coursera.org/specializations/intermediate-grammar

7. 進階英文文法
https://www.coursera.org/specializations/advanced-grammar-punctuation

8. 英文文法和寫作風格
https://www.edx.org/course/english-grammar-and-style

9. 雅思、托福、GRE® Test、學術寫作
http://bit.ly/34Y8FIP

10. 學術閱讀和寫作資源大全:
http://bit.ly/2Ybp8L8

11. 免費的電子文法書:
https://esenglishlounge.com/2015/06/16/grammar-resources/

同學只要按下Ctrl+F 再搜尋自己有興趣的文法架構 (中英文即可) 就可以找到相關的文法連結、影片、和講義，有問題也歡迎留言。

12. 準備英文考試，文法是關鍵嗎？
https://bit.ly/2OcJI9T

【一個專為廣東話為母語人士而設的廣東話課程】
➜更多內容: www.cantonesecollege.com/course
讓廣東話發揚光大！

同時學兩種語言可行嗎？｜技巧要點和建議
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#同時學兩種語言 #學語言心得 #語言愛好者

有不少觀眾都想知道，同時學習兩種外語可行嗎？
1️⃣法則一
雙語言的其中一個語言必須已經到達一個能溝通的程度，基本的單詞量 已經足夠進行日常溝通，可以不用糾結太多在文法上，對於整個語言結構有一定程度上的掌握，最起碼達到這個程度之後才可開始學習第二種外語，這樣的成功率是最大的。

2️⃣法則二
轉換心情，撇開一成不變的學習方法。我們學語言很自然的就是靠教科書，教科書不是不好，但是一個問題就是太悶。學習語言的動力很重要，我會看書後找一些輕鬆的學習方式 ，例如看電影、看Youtube等等。一方面可以轉換心情，反正另一方面我也要學一些在書本學不到，人們真正說話時候的語氣、語調、用詞等等。

3️⃣法則三
因為你的時間被分配了一部份用來學第二個語言，所以本來你在學的語言的學習速度一定會減慢，時間管理會變得相當重要。
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劉殿下のFacebook：
https://www.facebook.com/RyuDenka/
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關於廣東話的影片：
https://youtu.be/SK3wOaaTIN8
https://youtu.be/f4dX0x3ThDU
https://youtu.be/ex2-g0bKzh0
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殿下推薦的廣東話Youtuber!!：
點點dimdim
屎萊姆的3次元
Hein Cream 海恩奶油
HuhuuuTV /廣東話教學
Mira's Garden
疯粤CrazyCanton
頴珊頻道 | The Wingshantsui Channel
MtzCherry
Learn Cantonese with CantoneseClass101.comDandan Chen
にんじんレイ
ようき楽園 / 玉其樂園 - マカオと広東語
CarlosDouh
我は何しに香港へ？ Why did I come to HK ?
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