#今晚寫點別的 #關於某些很少提及的

大學課餘的實習單位在暗房，每年都有一次攝影展，基本上暗房助理都得參加。有一年我以「茶室」為題，選這種題目無非是一種贏在起跑點的企圖，況且還是現成資源，不用可惜。茶室老闆就是我媽，我從小離異的生母，她在茶室的花名叫做佳佳，每個在裡面工作的小姐都有一個花名，像是小芳、娃娃、雙雙，因此最後的作品名稱叫做《茶室女人：花》。

我其實很少探究「茶室」一詞的定義，因為它就在我的生活裡，就好像北投是北投、石牌是石牌，你沒事不會去想那兩個字代表什麼。 「茶室」可能給許多人無限遐想，例如萬華的阿公店、林森北路的酒店，但對我來說茶室就是茶室，是佳佳工作的地方。我承認可能在某個年幼時期，覺得這件事難以啟齒，不過更難以啟齒的部分可能是，一個以當時觀念來說是破碎的單親家庭，而不是茶室本身。隨著年齡增長，漸漸覺得開茶室好像蠻酷的，每次去，卡拉ＯＫ的聲音都震耳欲聾，越多人唱歌，表示今天的生意越好，生意越好表示賺更多的錢。當年景氣好，茶室經常高朋滿座，隔音很爛的木板包廂根本擋不住別人歡唱的音量，反正沒有人真正在乎歌藝，男人來這裡是為了喝酒、喝茶、揉女人，來排解孤獨。

忘了是什麼原因，好像是平時坐櫃檯的舅媽受傷無法上班吧，那個暑假我去代了幾次班。坐櫃檯的工作很單純（也可能只是給我最單純的任務），小姐會告訴你幾桌加點什麼東西，只要在對應的菜單上記一筆。「開番」有基本的開番費，有點像計程車有起跳價，或吃港式飲茶基本先點一壺茶那樣，剩下就看人客要點瓜子、花生、餅乾，或者吩咐廚房煎一片魚、炒個青菜之類，沒有人會特別過問價格，來這裡問價格太沒氣概。或許因為我是老闆的兒子吧，而且難得有學生來坐櫃檯，每次去都得到很多小費，有時一晚可以拿到五、六千。佳佳會把某某阿伯帶來櫃檯，或者直接叫我進去房間，通常只要開口叫阿伯或叔叔（有時是乾爹）打個招呼就能拿到小費，這時佳佳會順便誇我幾句：「我兒子很會唸書喔，政大的耶，念廣告設計系。」我如果稍有興致，會解釋說：「不是廣告設計啦，就是廣告。」雖然一點都不重要。

坐在櫃檯還有另一個任務，就是負責廣播「轉檯」，有時候生意很好，小姐要這間房間換過另一個房間，我就必需接線生那樣幫忙轉達，標準台詞是：「娃娃二番轉檯」，意思是「娃娃，二號間有人在呼喚妳了，快點過去。」起初對於廣播這件事有點害羞，因為聲音突然被放大在空間裡，後來漸漸習慣以後，竟覺得自己像小老闆一樣，可以合理地使喚那些小姐。除了佳佳、舅媽、乾媽，我不太認識其他小姐，更何況她們的來歷。據說有些是從別的茶室跑來的，可能是那邊生意不好賺不到錢，也有些是外籍的小姐，通常是大陸仔，一開口就知道。小姐們普遍海派熱情，而且穿得很辣，可是這裡不是標榜年輕辣妹的店，這裡的辣不是非常肉體的辣，或許更接近薑是老的辣的辣。有些小姐沒事就叼著一根菸，講話聲音很宏亮，喝醉時候又加倍宏亮。她們的酒量未必都極佳，但酒膽絕對不差，此外也要有閃酒的本事。人客來到茶室，一坐就是幾個小時，如果一直跟著喝，不醉倒才怪。事實上，佳佳就好幾次醉著被攙扶回家，三更半夜的，想想真的是非常辛苦的工作。偷爆個料，她醉了會切換成日文模式，在句尾加上ですよ。(姐姐補充：還有玩無止境的九九乘法表)

每一個小房間都有一個編號，每一扇門上都有一個方形的小洞，我猜目的是讓空間並非真正密閉，讓隱私不那麼隱私，這樣就能避免人客亂來。我們做的是清茶，但清茶也有越線的時候，為了討人客開心，而且也搞不好是真的人來瘋吧，小姐們有時會坐在人客的大腿上唱歌，給人客環抱甚至偷吃豆腐。我儘量視而不見，但還是好幾次撞見佳佳和人客親密的畫面，老實說蠻衝擊的，但那就是她的生活，和我的少見多怪。

大學的攝影展就是以這個為背景，一個茶室老闆的兒子去拍老媽開的茶室、她的小姐們、那些花。今晚和朋友無意聊到，翻起舊照，發現當時展出的照片，和現在重新挑選的完全不同了。年紀不同、心境不同、關注的角度不同，因此發現好幾張當初遺漏的很棒的照片，使用很陽春的數位相機，因為ＩＳＯ調很高的關係，顆粒感很重，很多畫面依然糊掉，卻有它的特殊味道，就好像瀰漫在室內的菸味，離開那個場域，依然沾在身上一樣。

「地獄空」攝影集即將在八月中元節前出版，由知名設計師與攝影家黃子欽設計，內附在下二位高徒精美繪製符咒、心經版畫書籤、愣嚴咒牌、尊勝咒語...等，感恩十方大德助印，希望疫情退散，平安喜樂，後記如下：

野放台灣五十餘年，貪狼獨坐，三方四正殺破狼格局，少年多舛，白手起家，隨展覽雲遊四海，如閒雲野鶴常持各類底片機流連廢墟、山川、宮廟忘返，遂設幻影堂自詡堂主，一日三省「凡所有相皆是虛妄」，常宅於暗房沖片放大通宵、鍾情黑白世界之單純，彩色照片俗世繽紛花俏做作甜美甚至比現實更現實故少拍也。知天命之年有餘，了悟人生一瞬、眨眼即逝，雖非仙人，亦無道骨，初聞離垢地生清淨心，但離華嚴「不動地」尚遠，待修持也。
2017年盛暑拍畢《巨神連線》，心律不整差點心肌梗塞向閻羅王報到，意識死神隨伺在側，人生苦短，如何了生脫死、盡斷煩惱、無所罣礙、遠離顛倒……總不得解，蒙釋迦摩尼佛開示飆淚三晝夜，聞佛法數載始知自我渺如塵埃，甚感慚愧。閒暇乃參訪名寺古剎，禮敬焚香佛陀菩薩羅漢諸神天仙王爺媽娘，台灣宮廟千奇百怪、宗派錯綜複雜（佛教、道教、一貫道、天主教、基督教、齋教、回教＆大同教、儒教鑾堂、天帝教＆天德教、慈惠堂＆勝安宮、軒轅教、道院、理教、萬國道德會、會靈山……）、神棍橫行（依人不依法、偶像崇拜、斂財、邪淫），因歷史變遷、社會動盪、政治鬥爭、意識形態等因素導致佛道混雜，但地獄造景稀少，後專注拍攝各殿閻王、判官、陰司、獄卒、七爺、八爺乃至一切罪人，各寺造景巧妙、耐人尋味，意境乖張溢於言表，造型扭曲非常人所能塑也，然匠心獨運、自成一格，專研西方藝術數十載方知真誠樸拙最美，絲毫不輸喬托（Giotto di Bondone，1267～1337）乃至米開朗基羅（Michelangelo Di lodovico Buonarroti Simoni 1475 ~ 1564）矣。

創立於1986年的石門金剛宮風景優美可眺望北濱，雖主祀四面佛，儒釋道眾神尊也不含糊，可過七星橋解厄、繞行五百黝黑羅漢敲鑼印心、跪拜亞洲最大臥佛涅槃像，安太歲自不在話下，甲子太歲爺雙眼長出手掌印象甚深，1994年經閻羅王指示廟公建造一條肚內設極樂世界及陰曹地府之神龍，行走暗黑通道觸動感應機關，只見面容猙獰受刑者呼天搶地喊冤、身邊盡是血肉糢糊殘肢敗屍腦漿塗地，十殿閻羅各司其職、威儀攝人。新北市林口區青嶺湖北文紫祥宮包公廟則以壁面彩塑地獄浮雕獨步全台，粉嫩色彩搭配卡漫風格，尤為造型簡直恐怖到可愛透頂，該廟主祀森羅殿閻羅天子包拯（包青天），陽世冤屈者可至此參拜祭解，求破懸案者眾，逢中元普渡皆以紙紮船渡亡魂至彼岸，全台唯一閻羅天子巨像籌備中，四周環繞墓地，適合修不淨觀也。台灣首尊彰化八卦山大佛旁南天宮（1971）地府則是首座電動地府，規模精小但驚嚇度破表，略顯破敗但五光十色仍蠻凶悍，出自已故台南大道長金登富之作，而電動神明起始可追溯至1960年代北港朝天宮。倒是嘉義水上鄉白人牙膏觀光工廠「戴相府」、「將軍府」設置十殿地府出乎意料之外，乾淨亮麗、ㄧ殿ㄧ間、簡單樸實。由高雄蓮潭龍虎塔龍口入內可見全臺唯一交趾陶地獄牆面，尊尊栩栩如生，續入龍身乃進聞聲救苦白衣觀音大士三十三化身浮雕隧道，造型設色甚為古錐。高雄大岡山超峰寺入口處「西方三聖蓮池海會」（阿彌陀佛、觀世音菩薩、大勢至菩薩巨像）旁設靜態十殿閻羅（1970年代初），雖略為陳舊然韻味猶存，續往上行可抵「證菩提道－釋迦如來應化事迹」雕塑園區，一攬世尊畢生精華。如來年邁時，琉璃國王為報長期被釋迦族輕蔑之傲慢心，世尊雖三次單獨伽跌坐 阻擋大軍進攻之路，但因緣果報無法逆轉，昔日婢女所生王子瞋恨無以復加，還是滅了祖國。自持神通第一目犍連不忍無辜百姓慘遭屠殺，遂以缽盛救度五百族人，最終卻化為血水，佛言神通廣大仍不敵千百劫業力，因緣果報屢試不爽。其母死後墜入餓鬼道飢餓難耐，目犍連遂展神通救渡，但所食尚未入口皆化為赤火，佛陀囑咐農曆七月十五日僧眾解安居自恣日，於盆中設甘露美食供養十方僧眾，因此超度亡母。後世「盂蘭盆法會」乃至「水懺法會」、「瑜珈焰口法會 」皆為消業障、斷塵垢之超渡儀軌，既渡亡魂也自懺悔。

台南麻豆代天府規模宏大、造型豔麗，不但可遊十八層地獄尚可逛天堂（1979年興建，1983年開放)，燈光絢爛、聲響駭人，獨自漫步宛如觀落陰、地獄走一回。先過「心頭山」、入「清心池」、進「陰陽界」、抵「交簿廳」、達「鬼門關」、遊「補經所」、探「枉死城」、行「奈何橋」，至ㄧ殿泰廣王照「孽鏡台」現造惡原形，睹抱柱、火床等小地獄。二殿楚江王開「陰查簿 」判案定奪，觀糞尿泥、餓鬼、舞池、寒冰、膿血、鞭韃、舌犁、劍葉、戟腹拋接、砧截……等小地獄。三殿宋帝王刑罰為倒吊、銅鐵刮臉、挖眼、搗樁、倒烤、吸血、穿肋、抽筋、蛆蛀等小地獄……兼遊「四生（胎、卵、濕、化）回魂府」。四殿五官王掌管腰斬、拔舌、沸湯、刺嘴、剝皮、箭樹、車崩、射眼……等十六小地獄。隨五殿森羅王豋「望鄉臺」回眸親人最終眼後觀擊膝、誅心、刀山、飛刀火石……小地獄。六殿卞城王別稱「大叫喚大地獄」，轄火牛、虎啖、噬腎、鉗嘴含鍼、釘喉、磨摧、砍頭……等小地獄。七殿泰山王為「熱惱大地獄」，窺烙手指、抽腸、頂石蹲身、油釜滾烹、割舌穿腮……等十六小地獄。八殿都市王掌管「大熱惱大地獄」兼火狗、鐵汁、鐵蛇、鋸劈斷肢、釘板、灸脊、鐵丸、磅秤……等小地獄。九殿平等王直轄十八層「阿鼻大地獄」，直透地心、內中陰森、不見五指、滿溢地漿，皆為極犯，另轄紫赤毒蛇鑽孔、夾頂、鐵鴉、針雨、蜂蠍……等小地獄。至十殿輪轉王上「觀生臺」、「轉劫所八司」（查驗司 、稽善司 、考過司 、恩怨司 、壽命司 、支配司、掌劫司 、授生司）後至「孟婆亭」飲「醧忘湯」忘盡前塵往事，依前世功德過金、銀、玉、石、木、竹六種橋樑至「轉輪臺（紫河車）」入六道輪迴轉生投胎。據《十八泥犁經》記載，人過世後七七四十九天為「中陰生」，經閻羅王審判善惡業力判定去留或懲罰百千萬劫，犯五逆重罪則墮入「無間地獄（阿鼻地獄）」永劫不復。地藏王乃幽冥教主，統轄十殿閻羅，逢三曹普渡便在各殿設「講道所」超度尚存善根之鬼魂。

人類居於五趣（阿修羅、人、傍生、餓鬼、地獄）雜居地五濁惡世之堪忍世界，犯十惡業（殺生、偷盜、邪淫、妄語、兩舌、惡口、綺語、貪慾、嗔恚、愚痴）者必墮三趣惡道。如何出「三界」（欲界、色界、無色界）二十八天？凡人無此意識，別說能破「十二因緣」（無明、行、識、名色、六入、觸、受、愛、取、有、生、老死）還滅門，更別想斷除「四聖諦」（苦、集、滅、道）集地八十一品見惑與八十八使思惑（五利使-身見、邊見、邪見、見取見、戒禁取見、五鈍使-貪、瞋、癡、慢、疑），了悟「五蘊」（色、受、想、行、識）本空、「十二入」（眼、耳、鼻、舌、意、色、聲、香、味、觸、法）空、「十八界」空，破俱生我執與分別我執、法執甚至空執，生十一處「善心所」（信、精進、慚、愧、無貪、無瞋、無痴、輕安、不放逸、行捨、不害），降二十六處「惡心所」（貪、瞋、癡、慢、疑、惡見、忿、恨、覆、惱、嫉、慳、誑、諂、害、憍、無慚、無愧、掉舉、惛沉、不信、懈怠、放逸、失念、散亂、不正知），須知善根斷盡則陷永劫輪迴、無垠轉世之苦。

地獄可能空滅嗎？若地獄空乏人間多鬼怪，地獄淨空世間何嘗非淨土？若能證空性何處現地獄？

地獄曠古來便廣泛流傳各部族間，老死生滅為自然運行之基礎、宇宙意識之核心，然今文明昌盛如咱城邦並非慾望消弭之所，惡性所及實無可根除，礙於憲法國家法律社會軍隊企業公司學校家庭團體之層層束縛不亞於十八層，乃遁於壓抑、束己情懷，暗埋心底、日久貪嗔痴慢疑怨噌會疊穢。而六塵未熄，心多妄念，妖魔鬼怪魑魅魍魎孤魂閃靈出沒於荒郊乃至人間，會靈於曠野密林以增性靈乃出世高人修煉之舉，我等凡人擅闖宛如迪士尼般之人造地獄，三魂七魄尚不足以出竅，驚邪恐怖淒厲猙獰倒滿足了自以為是的慚愧，豈不謬哉？

病毒肆虐年半有餘，全球確診者逼近一億八千萬，枉死者近四百萬，堪比戰爭規模，望眾生發慈悲心、令往生者安息、善待其他物種、平等有情眾生。地獄本空，唯妄念生起一切羨慕嫉妒恨而地獄現前。盡以此書作為世界新冷戰獨裁者、超限戰者、暗網駭客、陰險狡猾冷嘲熱諷落井下石者之良知備忘錄矣。

姚瑞中寫於2021年端午節

Postscript

I have been living recklessly in Taiwan for more than fifty years. According to Zi Wei Dou Shu (Purple Star Astrology), Tan Lang is the sole star in my house of Self. This star, which represents xxx, forms an equilateral triangle with that star Qi Sha and Po Jun on the square chart and constitutes a Sha Po Lang pattern. The pattern indicates a kind of turbulence and change, a life of wandering with ups and downs and it tells a lot about my life. After my ill-fated youth, I started from scratch and traveled around the world with exhibitions that I participated. Like a flaneur, I wandered around ruins, nature, and temples with every type of film camera obliviously. Thus, I founded the Hall of Illusion and claimed to be the master of the hall. Several times a day, I pondered a quote from the Diamond Sutra, “Everything with form is unreal.” In addition, I usually stayed in the darkroom developing film and enlarging those negatives overnight. However, I treasured the simplicity of the black and white world. The earthly, gaudy, garish, phony and pleasing qualities within colored photos make the images even more realistic than the real world. It is not my cup of tea, so I seldom took colored photos. In Confucian thought, the age of fifty marks the stage knowing the mandate of Heaven. I am now at my fifties and realize how ephemeral human life is. However, I am not an immortal, nor having sagelike characteristics. I just learned that the stage of stainless (the second bhūmi) and develop a pure mind that is free from doubt and defilement. However, I’m still far from the immovable state and need to practice.

In the summer of 2017, after filming the work Incarnation, I experienced a severe heart rhythm problem which almost triggered myocardial infarction and could have killed me. Consequently, I realized that death was waiting for me and the life is too short to figure out how I can liberate myself from the cycle of Birth and Death. I couldn’t comprehend how to be free from all afflictions and worries and how to avoid delusive ideas. I wept for three days and nights after being enlightened by Shakyamuni Buddha. Up to the moment, I felt ashamed that I failed to realize that the self is as insignificant as dust after these years learning and practicing Buddhism. Since then, I have visited famous temples and monasteries in my spare time, worshiping Buddha, Bodhisattvas, arhats, and all the deities and immortals. Taiwan’s temples are myriad with a enormous number of sects, including Buddhism, Taoism, Yiguandao, Catholicism, Christianity, Chinese religions of fasting, Islam& Baháʼí Faith, Confucianism, Tiandiism& Tian-De Teachings, Xiwangmu cult, Yellow Emperor Sect, Precosmic Salvationism, Liism, World Wide Ethical Society, séance cult, etc. Some people even claim that they can mediate communication between the deities or spirits of the dead with human beings, having their believer rely on themselves instead of the orthodox dharma or dogma and pay excessive respect and admiration for the mediums or objects, accumulating wealth through such an unfair means or even harassing their believer sexually. Due to Taiwan’s historical changes, social turbulence, political struggles, and ideological issues, Buddhism and Taoism are somehow mixed. However, there are few emphases on the concept of the hell. As I took photographs of Yama of each court, judges, wardens of the underworld, jailers, General Fan and Hsieh (the ghost escorts) and all sinners, I found few temples cleverly created hellish scenes that are intriguing, exaggerating, and extraordinary. However, the creations are unparalleled unique. I have been studying Western arts for decades and then I came to realize that simplicity makes the most beautiful works of art. These hellish scenes can even compete with works of Giotto di Bondone (1267-1337) and Michelangelo Di lodovico Buonarroti Simoni (1475-1564).

Jingang Temple Shimen District, founded in 1986, overlooks the beautiful North shore. Although the temple is mainly dedicated to Phra Phrom (the Thai representation of Mahabrahma), spirits of Confucianism, Buddhism, and Taoism can also be founded in the temple. The worshipper can go cross the Seven Star bridge to relieve bad luck, walk along the five hundred arhat statues and knock on the gong to affirm one’s Buddha nature. Furthermore, the worshipper can also prostrate themself before Asia’s largest statue of Buddha in Nirvana (the Reclining Buddha statue) and pacify the Taoist Tai Sui deity of the year. I was impressed by the Jia-Zi Tai Sui General that a pair of palms grow out of his eyes. In 1994, the biō-kong (the person taking charge of the temporal affairs of a temple) received a divine inspiration from Yama (the King of Hell) that he had to build a sacred hall in the shape of a divine dragon, with the interior designed according to the World of Ultimate Bliss and the Underworld. When the visitor walks in the dark hallway, they will see the tortured people (dioramas, of course) scrunching their faces and crying bitterly and loudly in excessive grief as the visitor triggers the mechanism. One will even find them in the midst of flesh, body liquid and blood, mutilated limbs, and rotten corpses. While each of the ten Yamas are focusing on their own duties, showing their sacred dignity that collect visitors’ attention. The Baogong Temple in Linkou District, New Taipei City exclusively features colorful depiction of hellish scenes in relief in Taiwan. With its pastel shades and cartoon-like style, the relief is both grotesque and adorable at the same time. This temple is dedicated to Bao Zhen (also known as Justice Bao) representing the incarnation of Yama. Living people who have been treated unjustly can come worshipping Bao Gong and receive exorcism. Therefore, many people come here for seeking to solve unsolved cases. In Zhongyuan Festival (the ghost festival), the temple will burn the Zhizha (paper craft) boat to ferry the ghosts to the other shore, which is the shore of enlightenment. The only giant statue of Yama in Taiwan is still in the making. The temple is surrounded by a cemetery, suitable for meditating on the loathsomeness and impurity. Nantian Temple (1971), located next to the Eight Trigram Mountains Buddha in Changhua, features the first animatronic underworld. Despite the small size, the animatronic underworld is intensely shocking. Though it’s slightly worn, the colorful dioramas are still brutally ferocious. The creator was the late venerable Dao Zhang (Taoist priest) Jing Deng-fu while the origin of animatronic deities can be traced back to the 1960s Beigang Chaotian Temple. On the contrary, the Whiteman Toothpaste Tourism Factory in Shuishang Township, Chiayi, features ten Yamas with individual booth. The place is unexpectedly clean and polished yet keeps a simple and modest tone. Then, the Dragon Pagoda of the Dragon and Tiger Pagodas at Lotus Lake in Zuoying, Kaohsiung, holds the only relief of hellish scenes made of Kochin ceramic. All the figures are vivid and life-like. If one goes further into the pagoda, they will see a relief tunnel of the thirty-three incarnations of the white-robed form of Guanyin (Avalokiteśvara) on a white lotus, with a lovely and interesting design. Another Hall of Yama is built in the 1970s next to the entrance of Dagangshan Chaofeng Temple, located in the Alian District of Kaohsiung. Visitors will also see three statues of the Three Holy Ones of the Western Pureland (Amitābha, Avalokiteśvara, Mahāsthāmaprāpta) which assemble at a lotus pond. Although the hellish scene looks somewhat antiquated, you may still find its previous charm. If one goes further, they will reach the sculptural garden of “Attaining the Bodhi Way: the Incarnation of Sakyamuni Buddha,” where the visitor can see the essence of Bhagavato’s (meaning the Blessed one, one of the common epithets for Buddha) life. When Tathāgata (another epithet for Buddha) was old, the king of Kosala wanted to avenge the arrogance of the tribe of Shakyas who had long despised him, regarding him as a son of a maiden. Although Buddha has sat in lotus position alone three times to stop the army from attacking his tribe. However, one can never reverse the cause and following karma. The prince born of a maiden was so furious that he eventually destroyed his homeland. Maudgalyāyana (one of the Buddha’s closest disciples), who is said to have had supernatural abilities that surpassed the other disciples, could not bear to see the slaughter of innocent people. Thus, he saved five hundred people of his tribe with a pātra (an eating utensil of Buddhist monks). Unfortunately, everything he did was in vain, those who were saved eventually turned into a puddle of blood. The Buddha said that the supernatural abilities cannot surpass the power of karma. The cause and effect work all the time. When Maudgalyāyana’s mother fell into the path of hungry ghost, he used his supernatural abilities to save his mother from hunger. However, all the food turned into fire before being fed to his mother. Later, the Buddha commanded the monks to put nectar and dishes in a basin on the 15th day of the seventh month in the lunar calendar for the monks from all directions to free his mother from reincarnation. In later times, the Ullambana Dharma Service, the Compassionate Samadhi Water Repentance, and the Yoga Collection for Feeding the Searing Mouths Dharma Service are rituals to eliminate karmic hindrance and to cease to worldly delusions. Through such practices, one can free the dead as well as confess their repentance.

Madou Daitian Temple is a magnificent and colorful temple in Tainan. Not only can the worshippers visit the eighteen levels of Hell but also the Heaven (it was built in 1979 and inaugurated in 1983) here. The lighting and sound effects are stunning and frightening. When walking alone in the space, one may feel like taking a Guan Luo Yin trip (a Taoist necromancy which leads people’s spirits to hell and communicate with the dead ones) to visit the underworld prison. Before arriving the first court of the underworld, the visitor will walk through the Mountain of Heart Summit, the Pure Heart Pond, the Frontier between the Living and the Dead Realms, the Soul Registry Hall, the Portico of Demons, the Center for Complementary Teaching of Canonical Books, the Citadel of Premature Death, and the Bridge of Vanity. When one arrives at the first court, they will see King Chin-guang, who is in charge of the court, using the Mirror of Retribution to show the earthly form of evil creatures and also witness the sub-hell of Pillar-Holding and Fire Bed, etc. At the second court, King Chu-jiang collates the register of sins the souls of the dead have committed to impose the punishments. Here, you will see the sub-hell of Excrement and Urine, Hungry Ghost, Burning Dance Floor, Ice, Pus and Blood, Whipping, Tongue-Raking, Sword Blade, Stomach-Piercing, Chopping, etc. Next, the dead at the third court, ruled by King Song-di, will receive the punishments including inversion tortures, face-skinning with steel and copper knife, eye-wrenching, pounding, blood-sucking, rib-piercing, roasting, tendon-taking, being eaten by maggots. The visitor can pay a visit to the Palace of Soul-Resuscitation for the Four Forms of Creatures (birth from an egg, birth from a womb, birth from moisture, and birth by transformation). King Wu-guan is in charge of the fourth court. There are sixteen sub-hells at the fourth court including Waist Chop, Tongue Removal, Boiling Pond, Mouth-stabbing, Skin-peeling, Sword Tree, Burning Wheels and Cart, Eye-shooting, etc. Next, at the fifth court, sinful souls are allowed to ascend the Tower of Hometown-Viewing to take a final look of their family. The visitor will witness sub-hells of Knee-striking, Heart-slicing, Blade Mountain, Flying Swords and Burning Stones, etc. The King of Bian City takes charge of the sixth court, which is also known as the “Great Hell of Screaming,” with sub-hells including Fire Cattle, Tiger-Biting, Kidney-Eating, Mouth-Poking, Throat-Nailing, Iron Mill, Decapitation, etc. The King of Tai-shan is in charge of the seventh court, the “Great Hell of Heat and Fire.” The sixteen sub-hells at this court include Finger-Searing, Bowel-Hauling, Stone-Bearing, Boiling Oil, Tongue-Removal and Cheek-Piercing, etc. Next, the King Du-shi is in charge of the eighth court, the “Great Hell of Intense Fire and Heat,” and the sub-hells including Fire Dogs, Molten Iron, Iron Snakes, Dismemberment, Steel Spikes, Burning-Marrow, Iron Ball, Scale, etc. The ninth court is ruled by the King Ping-deng. It is known as the biggest court, Avici Hell (the Hell of Incessant Suffering), which if the lowest level of the hell realm and the interior is gloomily and terrifyingly dark. Those who committed the most serious evil deed will be sent to the Avici Hell. Sub-hells such as Poisonous Snake, Brain-Removal, Crow-Gnawing, Raining Needles, Wasps and Scorpions are included at this court. After arriving the tenth court, ruled by the Great King of the Reincarnation Palace, one can visit the “Observatory of Life on earth” and the “eight bureaus of the Reincarnation Palace” (including the Bureau of Judicial Control, the Bureau of Good-Actions, the Bureau of Bad-Actions, the Bureau of Debts, Gratitude, and Vengeance, the Bureau of Longevity and Destiny, the Bureau of Familial Ties, the Bureau of the Reincarnated, and the Bureau of Birth). The sinful one will be sent to the Pavilion of Mengpo and made to drink the Soup of Forgetfulness to forget all past affairs. According to the sinful one’s merits of previous life, they will go across one of the six bridges (gold, silver, jade, stone, wood, bamboo) to the “Reincarnation-Wheel (Wheel on the Crimson River).” Finally, one is able to reborn in the six realms. According to the Aṣṭadaśa nāraka sutra ( the Eighteen Hells Sutra), after one passes away, they will enter an intermediate and transitional state between death and rebirth, known as antarābhava in Sanskrit, for forty-nine days. The being will be evaluated by Yama, who will decide if one should get reborn or get punished at the hell. Those who committed the Five Grave Offenses (killing one’s father, killing one’s mother, killing an Arhat, shedding the blood of a Buddha, and creating a schism within the community of Buddhist monks and nun who practice for attaining enlightenment.) will be sent to the Avici Hell and stay there eternally. Kṣitigarbha is the Lord of the Nether World, ruling the ten court of Hell. The lord will set up the “Hall of Teaching” at each court to salvage those sinful ones who still obtain few merits at the offering rituals.

Human beings live the Sahā world (sahāloka in Sanskrit, meaning “endurance of suffering,” a concept of mundane world in Mahāyāna Buddhism) where they share with other reincarnations (including beings of the hells, of the preta, and of malevolent nature spirits) with five turbidities (the Kalpa turbidity, the view turbidity, the affliction turbidity, the living beings turbidity, and the life turbidity). Those who commit the ten evil deeds (killing, stealing, adultery, lying, using immoral language, slandering, equivocating, coveting, anger, and false views) must fall into the three evil paths (animals, preta, and hell). However, how can one escape from the three realms/ twenty-eight heavens (including the six heavens of the desire realm, the eighteen heavens of the form realm, and the four heavens of the formless realm)? Worldly people who don’t have such an awareness cannot leave the cycle of the twelve nidanas (meaning causes or motivations), let alone eliminate the eighty-one afflictions (that have been produced due to misunderstanding regarding reality) and the eighty-eight illusions (including five afflictions of advanced practitioners, also known as five views: view of self, extreme view, evil view, view of attachment to views, and view of morality; and five unintelligent temptations: desire, anger, stupidity, arrogance, and doubt) of thought within the three realms and four Arya satyas (noble truths, including suffering, arising, ending, and path). They cannot realize that the essence of the five skandhas (referring to aggregates of clinging, including the matter of form, sensation, recognition, mental formation, and consciousness) , the twelve ayatana (meaning sense base, including six internal bases: eye, ear, nose, tongue, body, and mind and six external bases: visible objects, sound, odor, taste, touch, and mental objects), and the eighteen dhātavah (meaning compositional elements of human existence, including six consciousness, six faculties, and their objects) are the emptiness and the void. Furthermore, they cannot dispel the two reasons for clinging to the idea of the self and the attachment to elemental constructs and even believe in the two (false) tenets that that karma and nirvana are not real and that the ego and phenomena are real. As a consequence, they fail to develop the eleven wholesome mental factors (faith, energy, conscience, being ashamed, non-attachment, non-aggression, non-delusion, calmness, equanimity, conscientiousness, and non-injuriousness) and cease the sixteen unwholesome mental factors (desire, greed, anger, delusion, arrogance, doubt, wrong view, wrath, enmity, hypocrisy, vexation, jealousy, parsimony, deceit, flattery, harming, ambitiousness, stupidity, lacking of faith, idleness, being unrestrained, forgetting, distraction, non-discernment, ). One must bear in mind that once all our virtuous roots are discontinued, they will be trapped in the never-ending reincarnation and the suffering of infinite continuity.
Is it possible that the hell will be empty one day? If the beings in hell will become extinct while evil spirits inhabit the mundane world, the world could be considered as a pure land. If we could witness the nature of the void, then hell will exist no more.
Since ancient times, the concept of hell has been widely spread among all tribes. Aging, death, beginning, and end are the basis of nature and the core of cosmic consciousness. However, the prosperous civilization as our island is not a place where desire can be eliminated. It’s impossible to eradicate evil nature. Since fetters brought by the constitution, the state, the law, society, the military, corporations, schools, families, and groups are not less than the eighteen levels of hell, the mortals repress themselves, bury their feelings. Day after day, greed, anger, stupidity, arrogance, doubt, and resentment are stacking. However, since the six dust (visible objects, sound, odor, taste, touch, and mental objects) has not yet been extinguished, people in the mundane world are still full of delusions. The demons, devils, evil spirits, and the wondering dead exist in the wilderness, while only advanced practitioners with transcendent would attempt to make contact with the dead in the wasteland and forest. Worldly people like us trespass in Disneyland-like man-made hell. It is absurd and ridiculous that the hellish scenes cannot stop us from perpetrating evil deeds, but the horrific and cruel scenes yet satisfy our self-righteous shame.

The pandemic has been boiling over for more than a year and a half. The number of infected patients worldwide is nearly a hundred and eighty million, and the death toll has risen to four million, which is equivalent to a war crisis. I hope that we can all be compassionate, give peace to the dead, treat all sentient beings well and equally. The hell is innately empty; however, deluded and misleading thoughts would give rise to all jealousy and hatred and then manifest the hell before us. This book merely serves as a memorandum of conscience for dictators of the world’s new cold war, supporters of unrestrained warfare, dark web hackers, and those who are cunning and contemptuous and maltreat others when knowing they have problems.

June 2021,

Yao Jui-chung

🚶彩色攝影的先行者——洪孔達地景
#認識臺中前輩攝影家系列
　
出生於臺南的洪孔達醫師，攝影是其14歲起一生的興趣。戰後自行開業的「洪婦產科」位於三民路、光復路口。早在 1949 年便曾將自家醫院手術室作為暗房，並邀請攝影家林權助一同研究日、美攝影雜誌的彩色相片沖洗技術，成為臺灣彩色攝影的先驅。他也有感於推廣、研究攝影的重要性，便於 1955 年與臺中的其他攝影好友組成了「臺中市攝影研究會」，後立案為「臺中市攝影學會」。
　
而相較於當時拍攝人物、文化與都市景物的傳統攝影而言，洪孔達更開創了生態題材，使他成為臺灣生態攝影的先驅。1955 年洪孔達因機緣前往北屯，偶遇四合院和成群的白鷺鷥，開啟他拍攝白鷺鷥的生態攝影之旅。在1960年代，攝影家余如季的白鷺鷥生態攝影和紀錄片，可說受洪孔達啟發。
　
照片來源：《行‧攝臺中－認識臺中前輩攝影家》手冊，國立臺灣美術館（2020）。手冊原圖來源：洪博彥先生。
.
.　
每回告訴你一則在地的故事，這個故事也改變了台中
——台中物語Taichustory
追蹤IG: instagram.com/taichustory
城市體驗×轉譯設計

[ #用破碎的心修好破碎的心 ]
單曲聽一波ㄌ 👉🏾https://umg.lnk.to/CS2021BH
-

每個人都曾心碎，我們都有一顆破碎的心，
獻給每個心碎的人。

#持修​ ＃用破碎的心修好破碎的心
-

[ 用破碎的心修好破碎的心 ]
詞：持修
曲：持修、羅紹恩

我討厭自己 只能眼睜睜看著你傷心
我知道自己 從來不像你那麼有勇氣

我不知道什麼是
什麼是愛 完整 永恆

想用 我破碎的心 去修好你
但我 已感到無力 放棄自己
該怎麼
用破碎的心去修好 破碎的心

我討厭自己 總是在最後選擇了逃避
我知道自己 再也沒辦法單純的相信

想用 我破碎的心 去修好你
但我 已感到無力 放棄自己
該怎麼
用破碎的心去修好

我會緊緊的抱著你
我會給你我的所有
你要記得我說的話

什麼是愛 完整 永恆

想用 我破碎的心 去修好你
而我 就算已無力 還在這裡
該怎麼
用破碎的心去修好 破碎的心


-------------------------

◆用破碎的心修好破碎的心
製作人Producer：陳君豪Howe @成績好Studio / 鍾濰宇Yu
編曲Arranger：持修ChihSiou / 羅紹恩Shaoen Lo / 陳君豪Howe
合音編寫BV Arranger：持修ChihSiou / 鍾濰宇Yu
吉他Guitar：羅紹恩Shaoen Lo
鼓Drum：紀冠宇Kuan
富魯格號Flugelhorn：David Smith
薩克斯風Saxophone：謝明諺Minyen Hsieh
鼓錄音師Drum Recording Engineer：錢煒安Zen Chien
鼓錄音室Drum Recording Studio：112F Recording Studio
鼓錄音助理Drum Recording Assistant：陳祺龍Chris Chen
薩克斯風錄音師Saxophone Recording Engineer：唐士珉 Mimi Tang
薩克斯風錄音室Saxophone Recording Studio：BB Road Studio
吉他&人聲錄音師Guitar & Vocal Recording Engineer：鍾濰宇Yu
吉他&人聲錄音室Guitar & Vocal Recording Studio：89 studio
人聲音訊編輯Vocal Audio Editing：游景棠Don Yu
混音師Mixing Engineer：黃文萱Ziya Huang
混音室Mixing Studio：Purring Sound Studio
混音助理Mixing Assistant：沈冠霖Shen B
母帶後期處理工程師Mastering Engineer：Dave Kutch
母帶後期處理工作室Mastering Studio：The Mastering Palace
-
企劃統籌：陳嘉徽Mo Chen
企劃 Marcom：嵐澄創藝 – 葉宛玲Emi Yeh
企劃助理 Executive Production：嵐澄創藝 – 張永翰Myles Chang
美術設計Art&Graphic Design：嵐澄創藝、謬謬藝術
文案Copywriting：嵐澄創藝 –葉宛玲Emi Yeh
繪畫 illustrations：謬謬藝術Mummum Art – 葉巽Yeh Xun
-
◆用破碎的心修好破碎的心MV
Production 影像製作 ： GJ94Film Studio
Director 導演 ： BORU
Co - Director 我也導演：持修 CHIHSIOU
Assistant Director 副導演 ：林姿均
Assistant to Director 導演助理 ： 高于茜
Producer 製片 ：張元瀚
Line Producer 執行製片 ： 曹新祐
D.O.P 攝影指導 ：BORU
First Assistant Camera 攝影大助 ： 林易群
Second Assistant Camera 攝影二助 ： 馬崇智 蔡宜廷
Camera PA 攝影助理：黃信淵
Camera Equipment 攝影器材： 鏡頭銀行 Lensbank
Still Photographer 劇照師 ： Ai Chen
Gaffer 燈光師 ：莊弘裕
Best Boy Electric 燈光大助：莊宏祥
Electrician 燈光助理：陳又銘 賴怡安
Sound Crew 收音師： 孫梓軒
Set Coordinator 場務 ：小肥 Tony Tu 拉力 Pulling Force
Art Director 美術指導 ：徐立潔 Hsu Li Chieh
Assistant Art Director 美術助理：鄭雯心 Cheng wen hsi
Art Production Assistant 美術場務 ： 吳芳源
Stylist 造型 ：王禎旎 Aura wang
Stylist Assistant 造型助理 ：許慈芳 Zana hsu
Make up and Hair 妝髮：彭虹禎 Pon
Casting 演員管理 ：李思慧 汪瑋俊
-
Cast 演員
范少勳 Fandy Fan
青春期影視娛樂有限公司 Teamwork entertainment Co.
謝欣穎 Nikki Hsieh
Artiste Management 經紀人： 邱奕娟 Chiu I Chuan
Makeup Artist 化妝師 ： 黃之妍 Huang Chih Yen
男友： 孟克柔
阿陽父親 ： 鄭士祿
新歡 ： 胡乃云
天禾娛樂事業股份有限公司
愛新覺羅國際影視娛樂
Transportation 劇組司機 ： 呈祥國際租賃有限公司 許育銘 張明雄 蔡進権
Editor 剪輯師 ： BORU
TC 調光 ： BORU
Graphic Designer 字卡設計 ： 珮蒂
Sound Designer 音效 ： 孫梓軒
Sound Mixer 混音 ： 孫梓軒
Special Thanks 特別感謝 ：
SNAPPP寫真私館 光影手工暗房工作室 Multi+ Studio
多向度空間 老宅拍拍
-
-------------------------

[ (⁎⁍̴̛ᴗ⁍̴̛⁎) 持修 ]
facebook.......https://fb.com/ChihSiou.L​
Instagram......chih_siou
YouTube.........https://reurl.cc/0z6Ymo​
StreetVoice....https://streetvoice.com/ChihSiou_/

致:
愛很深的我們


music credit
詞/曲 Composer:高隆華LEON/ iRon Jn
混音 Mixing:Rayloo
編曲 Arrange:27 Corazones Beats


video credit:
影像出品 Video Production company：暗房製造 Darkroom
導演 Director：游理翔 Prozac
攝影師 Director of Photography：游理翔Prozac
攝影指導Dop：游家豪 Flack gaga
攝影助理 Assistant Camera:包國均baobao
劇照師 Still Photographer: 林忠旻Samurai Jack
燈光師 Gaffer: 顏立宇 Flack yenshit
燈光助理:簡稚萱Chien Chih Hsuan
場景設計Scenes Design：游理翔 Prozac
剪接 EditorI：黃威華 Yiming
調色 ColoristI：黃威華 Yiming
妝髪 Makeup &Hair : 符容
演員Actress :呂易蓁 Lilith
特別感謝 Special Thanks：Founderoom

1997年自學攝影，1999年後獨力完成數個肖像攝影計畫，2004年國立歷史博物館展出，成為國家級藝廊邀請展出最年輕的藝術家，2007年至美國流浪，2009年於台北市立美術館個展，2010年俄羅斯西伯利亞州立美術館攝影雙年展展出，2013年擔任國立台灣師範大學兼任講師，2014年日本東京專業攝影藝廊展出，2015年在歐洲浪跡6000公里。作品受國立歷史博物館，台北市立美術館，文化部藝術銀行，靜宜大學藝術中心及國內外私人典藏。

出版品計有《台灣頭：曾敏雄人物攝影集》、《冬之旅》、《中部百年美術史》、《台灣頭：文化筆記書》、《容顏寫真：曾敏雄人物攝影筆記》、《風景安靜：曾敏雄攝影筆記》、《唯衣》、《 那裡這裡：曾敏雄攝影集》等。

曾敏雄曾做過音響設計工作，辦過音響藝術雜誌，也擔任過電台古典音樂節目主持人。而後，遭逢921大地震，多年努力所累積下來的經濟基礎，一夕之間崩垮，成為受災戶之一。 經友人介紹，曾敏雄參與台中30位美術家的拍攝計畫，從此走進專業攝影的領域，由拍攝技術、底片種類、暗房技巧及燈具使用，一路自行摸索。他以純粹傳統的肖像攝影手法，持續拍攝在各個領域獨具特色的人物，完成數個肖像攝影計畫。

2009年，曾敏雄受台中文化局之邀辦展。台中啟明中學前校長張自強看展時，驚嘆於其肖像攝影風格，乃邀約為盲童們拍攝照片。曾敏雄因拍攝《台灣頭》，分身乏術，於隔年方正式參訪啟明學校，被因閃光燈拍攝而有驚嚇後遺症的小二女生吸引，決心進行長期拍攝計畫《微光漸漸》，為盲童拍攝生活照、家庭照乃至畢業照等。

他坦言，拍攝盲童沒有著力點，而且無法說服自己，對看不見的孩子們來說，究竟照片有何意義，中間一度放棄。但看到爆紅的小小鼓手呂岳駿受訪的新聞畫面，其阿公慎重地對待曾敏雄為呂岳駿拍攝的照片，讓他大受鼓舞，同時也明白到盲童攝影計畫，其實無須以事件、社會問題的型態呈現。他可以回到更單純的攝影本質去看待，亦即：照片作為記憶的輔助，具有撫慰人心的力量。

2015與2018年，曾敏雄皆於台中啟明中學舉辦個展，讓盲童與其家人得以親睹《微光漸漸》系列。九年多過去，當時的小學生有些已經是少年，曾敏雄再以影像記錄其看展的身影，具體驗現不同時光階段的鮮明對照。

而連續三年為啟明中學拍攝畢業照的曾敏雄，亦領悟到這些失去視線的孩子們，其實就跟平常人沒有兩樣，會哭會笑，不該被獵奇對待。因此，他放下身為攝影師的主導權，將場所與如何拍攝的權力，交還給盲童，讓他們盡情地展現自己。

相關新聞
https://goo.gl/oyEETE