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並前往https://www.imf.org/external/np/sta/tegppi/ch11.pdf

11. Errors and Bias in the PPI

Sampling error arises simply because an estimated PPI is based on samples and not a com- plete enumeration of the populations involved. The errors and biases ...

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查詢 「Sample bias」的人也找了：

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  8. Observer bias
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