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General overview Poland has become Europe's biggest economic success story since it transformed into a market economy in the early 1990s. Politically stable, and member of the European Union and NATO, Poland is quickly catching up with the West. Its GDP per capita went up from 49% of the EU average in 2004 to 73% in 2019 when it stood at USD 15,693. The EU´s 5th largest market by population, Poland enjoyed 28 years of unbroken growth prior to a slight downturn in 2020 due to the impact of the COVID pandemic; however the decline was relatively mild – GDP fell by an estimated 2.8%, after growing at 4.5% in 2019. The European Commission forecasts 3.1% growth in 2021 followed by a stronger 5.1% rebound in 2022. Poland's growth has been driven by strong domestic demand, dynamic exports, improved productivity, foreign investment, a stable banking system, and a significant inflow of EU cohesion funds. Political Poland is currently ruled by a conservative coalition led by the Law & Justice (PiS) party who in October 2015 won the first overall government majority since the fall of communism in 1989. In the 2019 parliamentary elections, PiS once again won an outright majority in the Lower House but narrowly lost control of the Upper House to the opposition. PiS' programme focuses mainly on domestic issues: increasing social transfers, lowering the retirement age, and supporting domestic industries. Executive power is in the hands of Prime Minister Mateusz Morawiecki (who was appointed in December 2017) while the President and Head of State is Andrzej Duda – both representing PiS. President Duda was first elected in May 2015 and re-elected in early July 2020 with 51% of the vote, beating the opposition candidate, the Mayor of Warsaw Rafal Trzaskowski. The turnout was 68.1% - the second highest in Poland's history and the extremely close and often aggressive campaign highlighted the deepening... 更多資訊
