明周專欄：粵語知音人

廣東話除了講也可以寫。當然，它的寫法是約定俗成的，並沒有規範化。很多粵語字寫法的來源，已經無從稽考。我從前對粵語書寫甚為無知，以為是由近世香港通俗文化衍生出來的。直至讀到了《粵謳》的曲詞，才驚訝地發現，原來在二百年前，也即是十九世紀初期，好些今天流行的粵語字便已經是這樣寫的了。

粵謳是清朝流行於廣東地區的一種民間歌曲，原來的歌者多為妓女，後來才演變成由盲眼的歌女（稱為師娘）獻唱。當時在廣州珠江沿岸花舫雲集，光顧者中有不少文人墨客。這些文人把妓女的粗俗唱曲加以改良，甚至親自填詞，於是便出現了既口語化但措詞文雅的粵謳。其中招子庸於道光八年（1828年）出版了《粵謳》一書，收錄曲詞一百二十一首，相信大部分是他自己所作，但亦不排除收入了其他人的作品。這當然不是說粵謳是招子庸首創。相反，此書的出版說明了粵謳當時已經是一種成熟而且廣泛流行的曲種，背後應該有一段更悠久的歷史。

招子庸是廣東南海橫沙人，少好書畫音樂，考取舉人，當過山東知縣。他寫的粵謳都是關於妓女迎送生涯，從女性的角度抒發歡場生活的辛酸。這個寫法大抵是粵謳的正宗，雖然題材有點單調狹窄，但畢竟是一方文化的結晶。單看曲名便已經極富粵語的地道韻味：《解心事》、《唔好死》、《真正攞命》、《容乜易》、《唔好發夢》、《生得咁俏》、《唔係乜靚》、《乜得咁瘦》、《真正惡做》、《愁到冇解》、《點算好》、《身只一箇》等。看看《花花世界》把妓女心聲寫得多麼入肉：

「花花世界嚊有乜相干，唉我何苦做埋咁多冤孽事幹。睇見眼前個的折墮，吤你話幾咁心寒。我想到處風流都是一樣，不若持齋念佛去把經看。呢回把情字一筆勾消，我亦唔敢亂想。消此孽賬，免至失身流落呢處賣笑村場。」

另一首《生得咁俏》又是那麼的生動：

「我生得咁俏，怕有鮮魚來上我釣。今朝拏在手重係咁尾搖搖。呢回釣竿收起都唔要，縱不是魚水和諧，都係命裡所招。我想大海茫茫魚亦不少，休要亂跳。鐵網都來了，總係一時唔上我釣啫，我就任得你海上逍遙。」

集中有一首《弔秋喜》，據說就是招子庸悼念他所愛的妓女秋喜之作，寫得極為哀傷動人，且富有個人色彩。

到了二十世紀初期，在省港兩地，甚至遠至南洋，報張上經常刊登粵謳創作。普通稍有文化的人，都懂得寫作粵謳，可見粵謳當時在廣東地區（包括香港）幾乎無人不識的盛況。可是，在一九二零年代之後粵謳開始式微。到了世紀中期，很多新一代廣東人已經不知粵謳為何物。與其他廣東民間曲種相比，粵劇的持續蓬勃就不用說，比較典雅的南音也保存了下來，連更為粗俗和即興的唱龍舟似乎也有較長的壽命，唯獨是粵謳最經不起現代化的考驗。

有說粵謳的節奏比南音還要慢，拉腔很多和很長，以現代的品味來說可能過於沉悶。早期粵謳的配樂主要是用琵琶，但後來卻演變成椰胡、洞簫和三絃，風格已經起了變化。後來更連唱法都失傳了。據中文大學音樂系的余少華教授所說，香港電台還存有一批五十年代的粵謳錄音。由中大中國音樂資料館出版的《絕世遺音》音樂專輯，收錄了師娘李銀嬌八十年代給香港商業電台節目所唱的《桃花扇》，應是粵謳的「絕唱」，也是坊間能聽到的少數粵謳錄音。

粵謳的最著名傳播者，是第十七任港督金文泰（Cecil Clementi）。金文泰的語言和文學天賦極佳，在牛津大學修西洋古典，擅長希臘文、拉丁文和梵文。一八九九年畢業後加入政府，獲派往香港，初期任職新界助理田土官。他到任一年內便學懂廣東話，通過廣東話考試，第二年還當上考官。他同時迷上了粵謳，並着手把招子庸的《粵謳》翻譯成英文，取名為《Cantonese Love-Songs》，一九零四年於英國牛津的Clarendon Press出版。他在序言中詳細介紹了粵謳的內容、音律和文詞特色，幾乎把粵謳的藝術性提升到西方經典詩歌的高度。金文泰晉升港督，則是一九二五年的事情了。

上面引的其中一段粵謳，金文泰是這樣譯的：

‘The World of Flowers’

Our world is of flowers, aye! of flowers. What matter’s it? / Ah! Why need I compass so many a sinful act? / When I see before my eyes those that are plunged in distress, how coldly, (think you) does it chill my heart!/ Methinks that wanton joy is everywhere all of one kind. / ‘Twere better to hold the fast with prayer to Buddha, and go read the Sutras. / So now with one pen-stroke I will blot out the word ‘passion’ : then my desires will no more be such rebels. / Let me ease my debt of sin/ Thus I shall avoid loss of chastity and shall not sink down to yonder Sell-Smile Village.

你可能會想：呢個嚟自殖民地宗主國嘅鬼佬，之所以會俾楚楚可憐嘅粵謳歌妓迷住，係因為佢心裏面充滿住白人優越嘅救世主心態。Anyway，點都好，佢始終係個粵語知音人。

Pls share the news

感謝三位朋友辛勞的工作，把我那篇記錄自已在泰國被非法扣押十二小時的文章，3000字一句不漏地完整翻譯成英文，現在成功刊登在英國《衛報》。

Thank you my friends contributed to the full translation of my 3,000-word essay describing the 12-hour ordeal in a detention cell, now available on The Guardian.

（希望各位關注事件的朋友，廣傳給你身邊不懂得閱讀中文的外國人，讓他們了解向中共投誠的泰國政府，是如何封錮和打壓前往曼谷交流的香港年輕學生）

It seems that the Thai government feels it has much to fear from youth movements that promote democracy, such as mine in Hong Kong.

But my passport had been taken away, and I had been forbidden to use my phones or computers, so I could not contact anyone. They could do as they pleased. My two requests – to contact a lawyer and for them to explain the legality of their action – were both rejected with a simple “No”.

I criticised them for detaining me without any legal basis as something that was a violation of human rights and they replied: “We’ll tell you why once we have you detained.” I continued to point out that they were violating proper police procedure, but they simply replied: “You know this is Thailand, it’s like China. Not like Hong Kong!”

He was right, I thought. It is like China – not like Hong Kong. After all, the Hong Kong publisher Gui Minhai was kidnapped in Thailand last year and was eventually sent to mainland China.

So after China, Macau and Malaysia, there is now another territory I know I cannot enter. In fact, I still don’t understand why. I have never criticised the Thai government. I was only invited there to share my experiences of being a young man who took part in the umbrella movement. And this led to me being detained as soon as I stepped off the plane and being treated in a way that goes completely against human rights and the law. I spent almost 12 hours in detention and was deprived of my passport and of contact with others.

I am absolutely certain that my unlawful detention by the Thai authorities was motivated by their fear of youth movements around the world.

Indeed, young people right across the globe will only become more united and engaged as our collective yearning for democracy, civil liberties and other universal values strengthens. So too will our commitment to street activism. Our hopes and dreams transcend culture, language, country and political realities.

強大的 #Google 大神又推新服務，以後旅行更方便啦！

這三大更新，我在墨西哥時有試過word lens，當時還沒有中文翻譯服務，所以用的是西班牙文翻譯成英文。看到螢幕裡的文字自動變化，那感覺超神奇的！✌✌✌

@Silvia the traveler

#wordlens

獻給所有感到辛苦/難過/痛苦的人們。雖然有些事情不能全部訴說，但是希望滴妹的這首歌能夠安慰到你的心。Fight on people!
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【Fight Song 歌詞 中英翻譯】
Like a small boat
就像一艘小船
On the ocean
在廣大的汪洋上航行
Sending big waves
也可以引起驚滔駭浪
Into motion
能夠牽動海洋上的浪花
Like how a single word
就像一個簡單的字
Can make a heart open
也能讓緊閉的心門敞開
I might only have one match
我或許只剩下一根微不足道的小火柴
But I can make an explosion
但是我可以激盪出華麗的火花

And all those things I didn't say
我從未說出口的那些隻字片語
Wrecking balls inside my brain
像是鐵球一般砸著我的腦
I will scream them loud tonight
所以今晚我要大聲吶喊出來
Can you hear my voice this time?
這次你是否終於能聽到我的聲音呢？

*Chorus
This is my fight song
這是我的戰歌
Take back my life song
讓我奪回主導權的歌曲
Prove I'm alright song
是證明我很好的歌頌
My power's turned on
我的能量已全部啟動
Starting right now I'll be strong
從現在開始，我要更堅強
I'll play my fight song
我會吹響我的戰歌
And I don't really care if nobody else believes
我不在乎是否有人還相信著我
'Cause I've still got a lot of fight left in me
因為我知道我還可以一直戰鬥下去

Losing friends and I'm chasing sleep
朋友漸漸離我遠去，我也永遠都追著睡眠跑
Everybody's worried about me
我身邊的人都為我擔心憂慮
In too deep
陷太深了
Say I'm in too deep (in too deep)
他們總說我太陷入在裡面了
And it's been two years
如今已經過了兩年
I miss my home
我好想念我的家
But there's a fire burning in my bones
但是我骨子裡還燃燒著熊熊烈火
Still believe
但我仍然相信
Yeah, I still believe
我依然相信著我自己

And all those things I didn't say
我從未說出口的那些隻字片語
Wrecking balls inside my brain
像是鐵球一般砸著我的腦
I will scream them loud tonight
今晚我要大聲吶喊出來
Can you hear my voice this time?
你現在是否能聽到我的聲音呢？

*Chorus
A lot of fight left in me
我還能繼續奮鬥下去

Like a small boat
就像一艘小船
On the ocean
在廣大的汪洋上
Sending big waves
也可以引起驚滔駭浪
Into motion
能夠牽動海洋上的浪花
Like how a single word
就像一個簡單的字
Can make a heart open
也能讓人敞開心房
I might only have one match
我或許只剩下一根微不足道的小火柴
But I can make an explosion
但是我可以激發出華麗的火花

*Chorus
No I've still got, a lot of fight left in me
不我不放棄，我還可以勇敢戰鬥下去

曲名: Fight Song (戰歌)
演唱者: Rachel Platten (瑞秋普萊頓/瑞秋普蕾頓)
專輯: Fight Song/Wildfire (戰鬥之歌迷你專輯 2015/野火專輯 2016發行)

上一部影片 解惑！超難翻譯成英文的中文！http://youtu.be/6mklxNlzNhI
下一部影片 10句常用英文#5【購物衣服篇】 http://youtu.be/LEBZmUU16rU
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