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在 use同義詞產品中有3篇Facebook貼文，粉絲數超過0的網紅，也在其Facebook貼文中提到， 【力量訓練的「訓練量」該如何設定？】 跑者的訓練量俗稱「跑量」，單位是「公里」，所以月跑量三百是指一個月總訓練距離300公里。在力量訓練圈的「訓練量」（Training Volume）常是「總反覆次數」 （Total Repetition）的同義詞；而「月總量」就是指一個月的總反覆次數，像我們會...

　同時也有14部Youtube影片，追蹤數超過8萬的網紅與芬尼學英語 Finnie's Language Arts，也在其Youtube影片中提到，訂閱與芬尼學英語 ► http://bit.ly/flayt-sub 課程查詢 ＆ 更多資源 ► http://bit.ly/fla-home 喜歡我們的短片嗎？到 Patreon 支持我們！ ► http://bit.ly/fla-patreon ▍播放清單： 時事英語 ► h...

「use同義詞」的推薦目錄

use同義詞 在 DSE 7科5** | IELTS 9分 | 線上補習 Instagram 的最佳貼文

2020-04-21 12:29:46

Phrase: Capitalize on [something] 意思：充份利用 ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ 例句：You should capitalize on your strengths to develop your career. 句子翻譯：你應該充分利用自己的優點來發展事業。 ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀...

  • use同義詞 在 Facebook 的精選貼文

    2021-07-24 06:00:57
    有 78 人按讚

    【力量訓練的「訓練量」該如何設定？】

    跑者的訓練量俗稱「跑量」，單位是「公里」，所以月跑量三百是指一個月總訓練距離300公里。在力量訓練圈的「訓練量」（Training Volume）常是「總反覆次數」 （Total Repetition）的同義詞；而「月總量」就是指一個月的總反覆次數，像我們會建議初跑者的月跑量最好不要超過100公里一樣，在做重訓時，有沒有一個區間可以讓大家參考呢？下面是《The System》的作者群建議：

    #以下為譯文：
    以剛接觸訓練的新手來說，月總量最好從750次（總反覆次數）開始；而菁英運動員的上限設在1,600次。在前蘇聯時代，我們親眼看到他們運動員以更高的月總量進行訓練。然而，我們後來也發現這跟他們使用加強運動表現的補給品有關，那使運動員能更快恢復。

    總反覆次數是指在單一個週期中（這裡是指中週期）所有基本力量動作重複次數的總合。因此總反覆次數750的意思是在不同的訓練強度與動作中總共累計的次數，但這個數字不包括輔助訓練的動作。

    從帳面上來看，750這個數字分配到一個月十二到十六次課表當中，看起來似乎很小，但我們這們所定的750這個數字比較像是「基本量」，而非下限，如果總反覆次數低於750下，就不會為運動員的成長帶來實質的影響。表 4.14 中的數值並不是意味著高水平或菁英運動員在四週內的總反覆次數永遠不會有低於1,000次情況發生，那只是維持成長的基本量。對運動員的恢復能力影響最大的是訓練量，因此這些範圍中比較需要注意的是上限的數值。若月總量超過上限值，恢復能力將快速到受到侵害，而且侵害的速度比任何其他因素都快。

    一位菁英水準的運動員可以在一個月的時間裡完成1,000次以下的訓練，就算在恢復期也經常發生。然而，訓練新手若超過1,000次的上限，大都要承擔受傷或嚴重過度訓練的風險。

    許多教練擔心他們的運動員練不夠，所以無法有效獲得力量和爆發力的進步。他們不想因為目標定得太低而有所保留，這讓他們感覺是「浪費」了一個月的訓練時間。剛開始採用這個方法來訓練時有這種感覺很自然，我們系統中的每一位教練也都曾經歷過相同的掙扎。

    美國的力量教練已經把「訓練要用盡全力」當作一種信念，訓練完還有餘力好像就會覺得不夠認真。但請相信我們。我們說的方法很少失敗，也幾乎沒有過度訓練的風險，這些區間已被證明能最有效地幫助運動員進步。

    在調整運動員的訓練量時，需要考慮到他們的技巧、經驗、過去的醫療史、訓練史、性別、實際年齡與訓練年齡。

    我們過去的慘痛教訓可以讓你少走許多彎路。當你在訓練量的拿捏上猶豫不決時，原則是寧少勿多。寧可因量太少沒進步，也不要犯下過量訓練的錯誤。

    總訓練量不包括輔助訓練或是特別針對「局部效果」的練習次數。那些動作主要是為了強化特定肌肉或是使全身力量動作能做得更好的輔助性訓練，所以我們不會把它們算在總訓練量中。
    最受我們重視的力量訓練動作不只對身體的負擔很大，技術要求也很高；正因如此，我們才會嚴格限制訓練量。

    雖然輔助訓練不會被計算在總訓練量裡，但你不要因此失控，開始加練很多你想練的輔助動作。永遠記住：效率第一。

    #原文如下
    The absolute floor of volume for a novice athlete is 750 total exercise repetitions per month, and the ceiling for the elite athlete is 1,600 total reps. During our time in the former Soviet Republics, we witnessed athletes performing even higher monthly training volumes. However, as we found later, that was often with the benefit of performance-enhancing substances that allowed for more rapid recovery.

    In a single cycle, the total number of repetitions pertains to all exercises performed in the key movements. This means 750 total repetitions are spread between the different exercises among the range of training intensities we want to emphasize.

    On the surface, these can seem like small numbers when we consider they may be spread out over 12 to 16 training sessions. That 750-rep total is really more like the basement rather than the floor of total volume—any less than 750 will not budge the needle on gains. That does not mean advanced or elite-level athletes will not have cycles that dip below 1,000 reps. These ranges should be more prescriptive of the ceiling of higher volumes to avoid exceeding. Pushing monthly volume beyond these ranges erodes recovery more rapidly than any other factor.

    An elite-level athlete can use a month with a total volume of under 1,000 reps, as will often be the case when returning to training. However, a novice athlete can rarely exceed the 1,000-rep ceiling without risking an injury or a significant overtraining effect.

    Many coaches worry their athletes will not do enough work to promote gains in strength and power. They do not want to “waste” a month by aiming too low on total volume and leaving some gains in the tank. That is a natural feeling when adopting this method, and each of us went through the same mental struggle.

    Strength coaches in America are not hard-wired to accept less than maximum. However, trust us when we say that without fail, these ranges have proven to be the most effective in generating progress with almost no risk of overtraining.

    Fine-tuning where your athletes fall in a volume range takes skill, experience, and consideration of their medical and training history, biological and training age, and gender.
    The bloody trail of our mistakes can save you a lot of added stress: When in doubt, it is always better to err on the side of less volume than too much.

    The total volume number does not include accessory work or exercises of “local effect.” Those exercises are more targeted muscle strengthening or exercises to support the main movements.

    We are mainly concerned about the most physically taxing exercises that demand more of an athlete’s attention to technique—hence, the volume restrictions.

    Although the accessory work is not included in the volume calculations, you still cannot go wild, adding as much as you want. Always remember this: efficiency first.
    (以上摘錄自原文第132~133)
    --
    若有發現翻譯不到位或有問題的地方，非常歡迎也希望各界指正！

  • Claudia Mo/毛孟靜

    use同義詞 在 Claudia Mo/毛孟靜 Facebook 的最佳貼文

    2018-04-16 14:42:29
    有 58 人按讚


    「#高檔的」#法文
    motif 一字，讀 mo-teef ，跟 motive 動機的意思不完全一樣，多指衣服飾物設計中重複出現的圖案、標誌。市面上常常見到國際時裝品牌不就把自己的註冊 logo，用於產品之上，之謂 iconic motif 。
    ——————
    兩套語文之間，常常會互相借用詞彙，香港人喜中英夾雜，會隨口說：這個 catalogue（目錄）要 update 一下。不說目錄而講 catalogue，確實也因為大多數人會選擇日常用這個英文字。而 update，要用中文道來就更麻煩了，有說可講「更新」，但又不完全等於 renew 呀。

    Update 主要是指時間上的更新，一個情況是：新的與舊的一套完全一樣，純粹 update 一下。

    或說，有人覺得講中文之際加插英文，代表展露一點知識層面的優越感？這是個很大的文化議題，不在此篇的討論範圍了。

    事實是，用法文表達英文，情況彷彿也差不多。語文貴乎溝通，起初出於需要，後來成了炫耀，再後來成了習慣；確真有英文人覺得開口加插法文，等同上流的身份象徵。

    也許亦解釋了為什麼有些法文用語，在英語的藝術文化詞𢑥中扎根深厚，屹立不倒。以下是一些例子：

    Haute couture 讀 oh’t ku’tur ，解 high fashion，高級時裝。
    - He is a master designer of haute couture. 他是高檔時裝的一個大師級設計師。

    當今潮流時興回到自然，衣着追求簡便舒適，貴價衣服開始沒有市場了。看下面這句：

    - Wine is in danger of suffering the same fate as haute couture : facing a fast-shrinking number of consumers. 酒業的前景，恐怕跟高檔時裝一樣：面對急速縮小的顧客人數。
    Couture 本身指 sewing 縫紉、dressmaking 做衣服。常常有人誤會 couture 即是英文的 culture 文化；也有人淨係把 couture 套用去其他貴價奢華物事，其實都是錯的。

    網上有這麼一句批評：Ignorant Americans mixed this up and now they use "couture" to refer to high end or luxury things. So next time you walk past a bakery offering "bagel couture", feel free to call them idiots, unless they actually sew their bagels. 有無知的美國人搞亂了意思。他們現在把 couture 用於代表高檔奢侈的產品。於是下一次你行經一間自稱賣「高級麵包圈」的餅店，你絕對可以叫他們做傻瓜 — 除非他們真的是用針線縫紉他們的麵包圈。

    往往跟時裝設計聯繫起來的另一個法文詞語，是avant-garde 前衞，讀 ah-von-guard。有說，avant-garde 源自本身也是法文的 vanguard，指在最前線的戰士。

    Avant-garde 指藝術音樂以及文學中的原創而帶實驗性質的意念。同義詞有 trendy 潮流的、innovative 創新的、pioneering 開荒的、revolutionary 革命性的、futuristic 未來的、ahead of the times 走在時代前頭。

    看到這許多同義詞，對 avant-garde 都有個大概的念頭了吧。用做形容詞：

    - When the designer introduced his avant-garde fashion line, he shocked quite a few old-school critics. 當設計師推出他的前衞時裝系列之際，令一些傳統的評論人老大嚇了一跳。

    用做名詞：
    - He was an enthusiast for the avant-garde. 他是前衛藝術的擁護者。

    也有 motif 一字，讀 mo-teef ，跟 motive 動機的意思不完全一樣，多指衣服飾物設計中重複出現的圖案、標誌。市面上常常見到國際時裝品牌不就把自己的註冊 logo，用於產品之上，之謂 iconic motif 。

    - She was wearing a black shirt with a colourful tulip motif. 她穿着一件黑色、有許多彩色鬱金香圖案的襯衫。

    Motif 自然也可以用於其他創作，包括文學：

    - The room is one of the recurring motifs in the playwright’s work. 房間是這個劇作家作品中的一個主題意境。

  • Eric's English Lounge

    use同義詞 在 Eric's English Lounge Facebook 的最讚貼文

    2016-09-06 20:00:00
    有 144 人按讚

    [詞彙區別] constitute, compose, consist of, comprise, account for, make up 的區別

    ★★★★★★★★★★★★★★

    詞彙區別: http://wp.me/p44l9b-16B

    ★★★★★★★★★★★★★★

    在寫作的時候，有些同學為了避免重複使用相同的詞彙，卻選用了意義上不盡相同的詞，而無法精確地表達出自己所想傳達的想法。這問題很可能來自於考生平時在語言學習上過於依賴中英翻譯，因此在不夠了解某些詞彙精準的用法的情況下，很容易造成讀者的誤解。

    為了幫助同學增加詞彙量並且精確地在口說和寫作上使用這些字，我建議同學們不要一開始的時候就死記硬背一群同義詞彙 (e.g. decline, decrease, diminish, dwindle, reduce, alleviate) 。雖然如此做會快速幫同學累積對這些詞的認知，可是認知都會停留在模糊階段。建議同學先熟悉其中一兩個單詞以後在開始累積相關的同義詞彙，也應該用搭配詞跟片語加上完整的例句和短文來輔助自己對單詞的理解。同時同學們也應該在使用這些單詞之前先查查字典，更進一步了解這些詞彙的使用方式。

    ★★★★★★★★★★★★★★

    1. constitute: to constitute something is to form a whole, especially of dissimilar components: Love and hate can constitute a balanced relationship.

    constitute 所“構成”的事物在屬性和特徵上，亦或在組織上，與組成成分是一致的。

    -Seven days constitutes a week (七天構成一個星期。).

    ★★★★★★★★★★★★★★

    2. Compose: to compose means the same as to constitute, but implies that the components have something in common: Water is composed of hydrogen and oxygen.

    在表示“由……材料構成”時，見於被動語態；在用於主動語態時，一般它所表示的“構成”或“組成”總包含著融合為一，而且主語或者是複數名詞或者是集體名詞。

    -Concrete is composed of cement, sand and gravel mixed with water. (混凝土由水泥、砂、石子與水摻和而構成。 )

    -Mere facts, when badly stated, do not compose a good book. (僅僅有資料，如果陳述得很糟糕，並不能組成一本好書)

    ★★★★★★★★★★★★★★

    3. account for: 說明（原因、理由等）; 導致，引起; （在數量、比例上）; 占 (e.g. This group accounted for 60% of the population.)

    (在數量、比例上）占

    These products, in total, account for about 80％ of all our sales (這些產品總共約占我們全部銷售額的80％。).

    ★★★★★★★★★★★★★★

    4. make up: 組成 to combine together to form something [= constitute]:

    -Women make up only a small proportion of the prison population. 女人只佔監獄人口的一小部分。

    -The committee is made up of representatives from every state (委員會由每個州的代表組成的。).

    -Children makes up only 10% of the population (兒童只佔人口的10％。).

    ★★★★★★★★★★★★★★

    5. consist of: to consist of something is to be made up of it: A lethal dose of nerve agent VX consists of only 10 milligrams.

    consist of 的含義與被動語態的 compose 相同

    -Though the costume consists only of a sheet, it was very effective. (雖然那件化裝服裝僅由一條床單組成，但效果很好。)

    -This group consists of men, women, and children.
    (這個小組由男人，女人和孩子們組成的。).

    ★★★★★★★★★★★★★★

    6. comprise: to comprise something has the same meaning as to consist, often implying that the whole is regarded from the point of view of its individual parts: The chain is comprised of many links, and is only as strong as its weakest.

    comprise 在表示“構成”時，其內涵是“包括”或“覆蓋”*

    -The committee comprises men of widely different views (這個委員會由見解甚為懸殊的人組成。).

    ★★★★★★★★★★★★★★

    從這些動詞的意思來看，若要表示數個個體或項目組成一個整體時，我們可用 compose 或 constitute。

    England, Wales, Scotland, and Northern Ireland compose/constitute the United Kingdom.

    (英格蘭、威爾斯、蘇格蘭和北愛爾蘭組成了聯合王國。)

    ★★★★★★★★★★★★★★

    若要表示一個整體是由個數個體或項目所組成時，我們可用 comprise* 或 consist of / be composed of 。

    (compose 經常用於被動態，而以 be composed of 的型式出現，意思和用法跟 consist of 完全一樣。)

    -The United Kingdom comprises*/consists of/is composed of England, Wales, Scotland, and Northern Ireland.

    (聯合王國是由英格蘭、威爾斯、蘇格蘭和北愛爾蘭所構成)

    ★★★★★★★★★★★★★★

    詳細的說明: http://www.learnerhall.org/2012/12/consist-of-compose-contain-comprise.html

    ★★★★★★★★★★★★★★

    *在這幾個字當中，僅 comprise 兼具其他字的意思，但它也是最麻煩、最讓人困擾的字。英語 評論人士強烈反對 comprise 被用作 constitute 的意思以及 comprise 以被動態形式 be comprised of 來表示 consist of 的意思，所以對於 Fifty states comprise the United States. (五十個州組成了美國) 和 The United States is comprised of fifty states. (美國是由五十個州所組成) 這樣的句子結構，他們期期以為不可，而堅持只有 The United States comprises fifty states. 才是唯一正確的用法。但他們反對的這兩種用法其實早已是不 折不扣的標準英語，一些新版的字典甚至將 be comprised of 堂而皇之地列為片語，如 The course is comprised of ten core modules. (這門課是由 10 個核心單元組成)。然而，在公說公有理，婆說婆有理，各有堅持的情況下，在此建議：若使用 comprise 會讓你覺得心虛或沒把握，那麼不妨使用它的同義詞，也就是沒有爭議的 constitute, consist of 或 be composed of 來代替之。

    *An interesting history of sense development concerning the word comprise has caused confusion, if not hate for the word itself. The most common mistake is confusing consist and comprise with each other. To say A lethal dose of nerve agent VX comprises of only 10 milligrams, is wrong because it is not analyzed from each separate component or milligram, but rather as a whole dose. In fact, there is a lot of skepticism and criticism of the word “comprise” all together. “None of the many neat schemes purporting to describe its correct use seems accurately to describe the way Standard English users actually employ comprise.” (Bartleby) Thus it is suggested to use constitute and/or compose as active verbs, while consists and/or includes as passive. However, if your use of the word can clearly indicate its context, separate from the its other accepted use, choosing a substitute is not necessary.

    Also, ”Comprises” is "better" grammar than ”is comprised of.” “The whole comprises multiple parts” is better than, “The whole is comprised of multiple parts.” Even better though is, “Multiple parts comprise the whole."

    ★★★★★★★★★★★★★★

    Sources:
    http://www.bartleby.com/68/3/1403.html
    http://bulo.hjenglish.com/question/33021/
    http://blog.cybertranslator.idv.tw/archives/2590
    http://www.tiscali.co.uk/reference/dictionaries/english/data/d0081813.html
    http://www.learnerhall.org/2012/12/consist-of-compose-contain-comprise.html
    http://everything2.com/title/consist%252C+comprise%252C+constitute%252C+or+compose

    More sentences:
    -The pie chart consists of/comprises of the percentages of four different fuel sources used in electricity production.

    -Electricity (that is) produced with coal composed/constituted/accounted for 50% of the total electricity (that is)produced.

    ★★★★★★★★★★★★★★

    contain vs. include:
    Contain: Something is considered to be within something else.

    The toy contains many small moving parts. ->The small moving parts are a part of the toy.

    Include: Something is added to something else, possibly containing it, possibly not.

    -This toy includes batteries. -> The batteries are not a part of the toy. They just come with the toy.

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