「忍痛花錢買...」的英文可以用"shell out"

He shelled out six hundred dollars for that book.
他忍痛花了六百元買那本書。

Vanguard富時全球股市美國除外ETF，英文全名 Vanguard FTSE All-World ex-US ETF ，美股代號VEU，2007年三月2日成立。

VEU追蹤FTSE All-World ex-US Index。該指數包含全球50個國家，共3428支股票。投資範圍是美國以外的已開發與新興市場。

VEU投資組合中，北美:歐洲:亞太:新興市場的比率約為6:40:28:26。

VEU需要跟VXUS進行比較。因為兩者都是投資美國以外的全球已開發市場與新興市場，投資全球四大地區的比重也相當近似。

VEU和VXUS主要差別，在於對中小型類股的涵蓋程度。

VEU追蹤的指數有3428支成份股。VXUS追蹤的指數則有7554支成份股。VXUS較多的成分股數目，使其對中小型類股有較完整的覆蓋。

持股的市值中位數(Median Market Cap)，VXUS是330億美金，VEU是410億美金。VXUS持有的中小型股較多，所以市值中位數較小。

VEU跟VXUS一樣，可以與專門投資美國股市的Vanguard Total Stock Market ETF(美股代號:VTI)搭配，形成全球股市投資組合。

VEU內扣總開銷是0.08%，與2020相同。

VEU的前十大持股如下:

Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing (台積電)
Tencent Holdings
Alibaba Group Holdings
Samsung Electronics
Nestle
ASML
Roche
LVMH
Toyota
Novartis

跟2020同期相比，Royal Dutch Shell與Unilever退出前十名，ASML和LVMH進入前十大。前十大持股一年來的變化，跟VXUS相同。

完整討論，可見今天文章:
https://greenhornfinancefootnote.blogspot.com/2021/06/vanguard-ftse-all-world-ex-us-etfveu2021.html

Vanguard整體國際股市ETF，英文全名 Vanguard Total International Stock ETF ，美股代號VXUS，成立於2011年一月26日。

VXUS追蹤FTSE Global All Cap ex-US Index。指數名稱中的All Cap，代表指數同時囊括市場上的大、中、小型股。

Vanguard Total International Stock ETF投資範圍就是美國以外的整體國際股市，同時包括已開發與新興市場。

VXUS投資全球45個國家，持有共7554支證券。

前十大國家多為已開發市場。台灣是投資組合中第九大市場。也就是說，投資VXUS的話，約有5%，二十分之一的資金，是投入台灣股市。

VXUS的前十大持股分別則是:

Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing (台積電)
Tencent Holdings
Alibaba Group Holdings
Samsung Electronics
Nestle
ASML
Roche
LVMH
Toyota
Novartis

跟2020同期相比，Royal Dutch Shell與Unilever退出前十名，ASML和LVMH進入前十大。

ASML是晶片微影技術與設備業者，是台積電重要的設備供應商。LVMH則是精品集團品牌。

去年排名第五大的台積電，今年躍升為VXUS第一大持股。前十大持股占投資組合10.2%。

VXUS這支國際股市ETF，主要用途在於跟美國股市ETF搭配，形成全球股市投資組合。

VXUS成立以來歷年指數追蹤成果與完整討論，可見今天文章:
https://greenhornfinancefootnote.blogspot.com/2021/05/vanguard-total-international-stock.html

⬇️⬇️English recipe follows⬇️⬇️
菜心兩吃
金銀蛋菜心湯
清炒菜心 （4人份量）

材料：
菜心2斤
鹹蛋1隻
皮蛋1隻
薑1舊

處理：
1. 菜心，搣去菜梗，1開2，放一邊，菜遠放另一邊。
2. 菜心，清水洗2次。
3. 薑，去皮。
4. 皮蛋，菜刀輕手拍一拍外殼。
5. 鹹蛋，加入少量清水，刮去灰，清水洗淨。
6. 薑，1開2，拍鬆。
7. 皮蛋，1開8 。
8. 鹹蛋，打在碗內。

烹調：

金銀蛋菜心湯：
1. 一個人1碗水，加清水入煲內，加入菜心，大火煲滾。
2. 加入鹹蛋及皮蛋。
3. 湯已滾了1分鐘，加入鹹蛋白，等湯再次滾起。
4. 完成，湯倒入大碗中，可享用。

清炒菜心：
1. 大火在鑊中燒熱油1湯匙。
2. 放菜落鑊。
3. 冚蓋，轉慢火，焗2分鐘，焗軟菜心。
4. 轉大火，炒幾下。
5. 完成，上碟，可享用。

Choy sum, cook in 2 ways
Choy sum soup with century and salted eggs
Stir frying choy sum (serving for 4)

Ingredients:
Choy sum 2 catty
Salted egg 1 No.
Century egg 1 No.
Ginger 1 No.

Preparation:
1. Choy sum, tear off the rough stems, divide them into 2 halves. Put on one side. The green portion, is to be put on the other side.
2. Choy sum, rinse 2 times.
3. Ginger, get it peeled.
4. Century egg, beat the shell lightly with chopper.
5. Salted egg, add in little water. Remove the ash. Rinse thoroughly.
6. Ginger, divide it into 2 shares. Beat well.
7. Century egg, divide it into 8 shares.
8. Salted egg, break in a bowl.

Steps:

Choy sum soup with century and salted eggs:
1. One person, 1 bowl of water, add in together with choy sum in pot. Heat up at high flame.
2. Add in salted and century egg.
3. Soup has been boiled for a minute, add in salted egg white. Wait for boiling up again.
4. Complete. Pour into a big bowl. Serve.

Stir frying choy sum:
1. Heat up oil 1 tbsp at high flame in wok.
2. Put choy sum in wok.
3. Cover up the wok. Turn to low flame. Leave it for 2 minutes until choy sum turns soft.
4. Turn to high flame, stir fry for 30 seconds.
5. Complete. Put on plate. Serve

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Frugal & Healthy Cooking?Stir-Fried Choy Sum & Choy Sum Stem Soup with Gold & Silver Eggs

慳家又健康煮食
清炒菜心
金銀蛋菜心梗湯

Frugal & Healthy Cooking!

— 陪賓狗錄 podcast —
歡迎來訂閱我的節目《聽新聞學英文》
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本集為 Bingo News Podcast 試聽集
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【試聽集逐字稿】

In the Hague, the district court delivered a judgment against Royal Dutch Shell, the parent company of the Shell group, which is one of the oil giants in the world. Under the ruling, Shell is obliged to cut its carbon emissions by 45% by the end of 2030, compared to 2019.

While this is surely a historic victory, it may not bring as great benefits as we expect it to do for the following reasons.

Firstly, energy demand is still rising. Oil and gas demand is far from peaking and supplies will be needed. Countries in Asia provide the lion’s share of growth. With the demand still rising, can we really reduce carbon emission with this ruling against Shell?

Some may suggest renewable energy as the alternative. Of course this is a great solution. However, we’re not yet ready to change from fossil fuels to renewable energy. The renewable energy sector is definitely booming, but not ready to meet energy demand from around the globe.

This explains why climate activists have got some unlikely cheerleaders in the oil capitals of Saudi Arabia, Abu Dhabi and Russia. Why? Asian countries, with their rising demands, will now go to oil companies in the Middle East and Russia. Shell’s loss means more business for them.

參考資料：
https://www.reuters.com/business/sustainable-business/opec-russia-seen-gaining-more-power-with-shell-dutch-ruling-2021-06-01/

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⬇️⬇️English recipe follows⬇️⬇️
冬瓜淡菜瑤柱湯

材料：
冬瓜1斤半
淡菜20隻
瑤柱4粒
薑4片
鹹蛋1隻
皮蛋1隻

處理：
1. 淡菜，清水浸20分鐘至軟身。
2. 瑤柱，清水沖洗乾淨，清水浸軟。
3. 冬瓜，洗淨表皮，放砧板上，用菜刀，小心切去表皮，保留表皮。
4. 冬瓜肉，1開4，除去籽，切細舊。
5. 皮蛋，連包裝袋，用菜刀輕拍蛋殼，取出皮蛋，清水洗乾淨。
6. 鹹蛋，加入少量清水在包裝袋內，用小刀刮去灰，清水洗乾淨，打在碗內。
7. 薑，去皮，切幾片。
8. 皮蛋，1開8。
9. 淡菜已浸好，取出中間異物。

烹調：
1. 大火在鑊中燒燒油半湯匙。
2. 爆香薑片。
3. 加入淡菜，炒一下。
4. 加入清水1升。
5. 加入冬瓜粒及冬瓜皮。
6. 加入瑤柱及瑤柱水，大火滾起。
7. 加入鹹蛋黃，大火滾起後，轉中慢火煲20分鐘。
8. 湯已滾好，夾起冬瓜皮及薑片。
9. 加入皮蛋及鹹蛋白，滾起。
10. 完成，倒入大碗內，可享用。

Mussels soup with winter melon and dried scallops

Ingredients:
Winter melon 1.5 catty
Mussels 20 Nos.
Dried scallops 4 Nos.
Ginger 4 slices
Salted egg 1 No.
Century egg 1 No.

Preparation:
1. Mussels, soak in tap water for 20 minutes until it turns soft.
2. Dried scallops, rinse with tap water. Soak in tap water until they turn soft.
3. Winter melon, rinse its skin, put it on chopping board, cut its skin with chopper carefully and retain its skin.
4. Flesh of winter melon, divide it into 4 shares. Remove its seeds. Cut into small pieces.
5. Century egg, beat its shell in plastics with chopper. Take out the egg. Rinse with tap water.
6. Salted egg, add in little water into the plastics. Scratch the ash with a small knife. Rinse with tap water. Break it into a bowl.
7. Ginger, peel and slice.
8. Century egg, divide it into 8 shares.
9. Mussels have been soaked well, take out sea plant inside.

Steps:
1. Heat up oil 0.5 tbsp at high flame in wok.
2. Fry ginger well.
3. Put mussels, fry for a while.
4. Add in water 1L.
5. Add in winter melon cubes and skin.
6. Add in dried scallops with its syrup. Heat up at high flame.
7. Add in salted egg yolk. Heat up at high flame. Turn to medium~low flame after boils up. Boil for 20 minutes.
8. Soup has been cooked well, pick up the skin of winter melon and ginger slices.
9. Add in century egg and salted egg white. Boil it up.
10. Complete. Pour into a big bowl. Serve.

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Winter Melon Soup with Dried Mussels, Dried Scallops, Century Egg & Salted Duck Egg? Summer Soup with Cooling Properties

金銀蛋冬瓜淡菜堯柱湯
夏日消暑祛濕湯

Winter Melon Soup For the Summer!

Winter Melon Soup