敬 自由 / 勇於說母語的你

無論是母親還是父親的舌頭
台灣都希望自己的人民能夠勇敢說出各種語言

台灣是語言的熔爐

不同時代的人們將自己的語言帶上岸
在 #語言平權 這條路上我們歷經努力
希望能夠尊重與確保台灣的多元語言文化
讓大家都能自由的使用自己認同的語言
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外交部在今年聯合國推案影片《敬 自由》中
我們拍攝了在台灣的印尼語課程
.
『在這裡
所有台灣固有族群使用的自然語言
都是國家語言
不管在家裡說的是哪種母語
在學校都有老師繼續教你
跟阿公阿嬤聊天不用翻譯』
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若聯合國的重要任務之一是要讓國家尊重人民的權利
台灣的夥伴價值，值得聯合國重視。
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To Freedom / You and your mother tongue
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#Taiwan is something of a melting pot in terms of language. We’ve been working hard to reduce the historical stigma attached to some of these languages and to ensure that they are not lost to future generations. New languages are also being carried to our shores by new arrivals, creating a linguistically dynamic young generation of bilingual or multilingual children and young adults. These young people benefit from the ability to engage in intergenerational communication, important in the preservation of cultural identity and for a more cohesive society.

We recently featured an Indonesian teacher in Taiwan--a new arrival--and one of her students--part of this multilingual younger generation--in “To Freedom,” our promotional short to mark the #UNGA76. They tell the story of Taiwan’s respect for all its languages when they say:

“Here, the natural languages of Taiwan’s inherent ethnic groups are official languages. Regardless of what language you speak at home, you’ll continue to be taught it at school. I don’t need a translator to talk with my grandparents.”

If the UN states part of its mission as encouraging countries around the world to respect the rights of their people, Taiwan's vision of global partnership can serve as a valuable reference.

#UNGA76
#HearTaiwan
#WorkingTogether
#FreedomForAll
#UNGlobalGoals
#TaiwanCanHelp
#RespectTheRightsOfPeople
#LanguageEquality

【奧林匹克式舉重動作不能捨棄的理由】

分享《The System: Soviet Periodization Adapted for the American Strength Coach》書中對奧林匹克式舉重的看法。該書的作者們並沒有否定專項訓練的重要性，但強調現階段(美國許多力量教練)用其他動作「取代」奧林匹克式舉重是不智的作法，主要的理由是上膊和抓舉能訓練到「大範圍動作」與「全身性」的「爆發力」與「速度」。下面附上原文、我的譯文和懸垂式上膊的訓練側拍影片：
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#以下為譯文，最後附上原文，若有發現翻譯不到位或有問題的地方，非常歡迎也希望各界指正！
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近年來，隨著人們越來越重視力量訓練中的安全性，以及所謂的「專項力量」訓練，奧林匹克式舉重動作已不再受到許多力量教練的青睞。主要的理由是，如果運動員不是要參加奧林匹克舉重比賽，有更好的爆發力訓練動作可以選，它們更容易轉化為運動賽場上的成績，而且這些動作不用移動那麼大的重量，所以對身體的壓力與風險會低很多。

為了甩開風險，有許多擲藥球或更有創意的動作已經在許多運動團隊的力量課表中取代上膊、抓舉、挺舉。在我們看來，這個鐘擺甩得太遠了，這些動作一直都能培養出世界上最強、最具爆發力運動員，現在卻要完全捨棄，實在太過極端。

我們要瞭解奧林匹克式舉重動作的主要目的是：通過「大範圍的動作」（特別是下肢）在全身產生最大的爆發力。

專攻奧林匹克式舉重選手和特別注重專項力量訓練的選手，這兩者的訓練課表，你最常發現的區別是：舉重選手是透過大範圍且快速的動作來訓練下肢；換言之，後者的動作幅度大都比較小。很多教練出於善意，使用了許多替代舉重的練習動作，但這些練習並沒有辦法達到舉重動作所需的柔韌性、協調性與力量輸出。

使用奧林匹克式舉重動作可以訓練到關節在較大彎屈幅度時的爆發力和穩定度，那也是身體在賽場上可能會碰到的幅度。(譯者註：當然對純跑者和泳者來說就並非如此了，不過自行車選手和大部分的球類運動相當符合)

一位運動員在進行完整的抓舉、挺舉時，如果進步太快或是沒有經過正確的指導再加上大重量，的確會導致受傷。但所有的訓練動作都是這樣，只要進階太快、操作不當或重量太重都會受傷，所以問題不在動作，而在於教練沒讓運動員準備好。

像美式足球或籃球這種運動的動作幅度很大，執行動作時需要高度的柔軟度與力量；在提升這些能力上，奧林匹克式舉重動作會比擲藥球的訓練更有效率。這些動作並不危險，只要你能先評估他們的身體是否有能力安全完成這些動作，事先對舉重動作進行規劃與指導，以及循序漸近地增加重量和動作難度，那麼很多顧慮都會消失。

當你能有效且適當地進行奧林匹克式舉重訓練，你會發現它的好處遠遠大於缺點。

(但作者也強調並不是每個人一開始都適合練奧林匹克式舉重動作)

一開始先別進行大量且高強度的奧林匹克式舉重訓練，最好先等到運動員們至少已經練了幾年之後才能大量的練。如果他們在早期要發展爆發力，可在運動員學習和改善舉重動作時先進行「跳躍」與「增強式訓練」。

無論什麼動作，練熟了動作的技術之後，接下來「速度」是第一位。雖然體育界很重視力量和肌肥大，但力量所表現出來的速度才是真正分出運動員實力差異的關鍵所在。

在健力（powerlifting）比賽中，動作的速度並不重要，目標是舉得更重，不管花多長時間，比賽結果只看重量。但在美式足球場上，最強壯的線鋒球員若不能迅速將力量轉化為控制對手防守球員的能力，他們就不能算是成功的進攻組球員。同理，一位能肩推數百磅重的鉛球選手，如果他不能用全身的力量來加速擲出鉛球，他也將無法把獎牌帶回家。

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#原文如下
THE OLYMPIC LIFTING CONTROVERSY

In recent years with the increasing emphasis on safety in strength training and what is termed “sport specific” training, the Olympic lifts have fallen out of favor with many strength coaches. The argument is that if you are not competing in Olympic lifting, there are better options for training explosive strength that translate more readily to sports performance, without the risks and strain inherent in rapidly moving heavy weights.

Variations of medicine ball throws or more creative exercises have taken the place of cleans, snatches, and jerks in the strength programming of many teams as coaches try to reduce those risks. In our opinion, the pendulum has swung too far away from using the movements that have consistently produced the strongest and most explosive athletes in the world.
The main goal of the Olympic lifts is to generate maximal power and explosive strength in the entire body through large ranges of motion, particularly for the lower extremities.

The differences you will most often find between the training regimen of an Olympic weightlifter and of athletes performing more “sport specific” training are that weightlifters consistently take the lower extremities through high-speed, large range-of-motion exercises. Many of the substituted movements and exercises used by a well-intentioned strength coach do not come close to demanding and developing the flexibility, coordination, and force output demanded by the weightlifting exercises.

It is true that subjecting an athlete to a full snatch or jerk with a substantial amount of weight without the proper instruction or progression will often result in injury. However, that holds true for any exercise. It is not the fault of the exercise, but rather the coach’s fault for failing to prepare the athlete to succeed.

Dynamic sports like football or basketball require suppleness and strength expressed through large ranges of motion; the Olympic lifts are more effective at facilitating those qualities than a medicine ball toss. If you assess an athlete to be physically capable of performing the movements safely and if the lifts are programmed and coached effectively and progressed in both weight and complexity, many concerns diminish.

You will discover that when implemented effectively and appropriately, the benefits of the Olympic lifts far outweigh the drawbacks.

A significantly high volume of Olympic lifting is best left to the athletes with at least a few years of training under their belts. For developing athletes such as these, the power and explosive qualities can be addressed through jumping or plyometric training as the Olympic lifts are coached and refined over time.
After mastering technical efficiency and form, no matter what the movement, speed should always be the priority. Although strength and muscle hypertrophy are important in the world of sports, the rapid expression of that strength is what separates athletes on the field of play.

In the sport of powerlifting, the speed of the movement is not critical. The goal is to lift the maximum weight, however long it takes. On the football field, the strongest linemen will rarely succeed if they cannot rapidly translate that strength to control an oncoming defender. A shot putter who can military press hundreds of pounds will not take home a medal without the ability to explosively accelerate the entire body to throw the shot.
(extracted from page 101~102)
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若有發現翻譯不到位或有問題的地方，非常歡迎也希望各界指正！

這是阿培曾經在我巴褲的書裡面寫的，這文章是阿培本身養狗的經驗，對每個養狗的人都有很大的幫助，希望大家有時間可以把它看完，我翻譯成英文讓大家看：
Apei wrote many things into my Baku book. Mainly how to raise dogs, his life experience with dogs and about dog breeds. Its very useful information so please take a look. I translated it into English for everyone to read.

想要養全世界最大的狗，所有的大狗養過一輪，最後情定獒犬。
I wanted to raise all the big dogs available around the world. I wanted to takes turns raising all the big dogs, but I fell for Mastiff.

我從小就有個心願，要養全世界最大的狗。十幾歲開始工作，慢慢把大狗養了一輪：紐波利頓獒犬、大丹、高加索——最後才把重心放在西藏獒犬上。
Ever since when I was very young, I had a dream to raise all the big dogs available throughout the world. I started working at a very young age. Over the years, I had owned a Neapolitan Mastiff, Great Dane, Caucasian Shepherd, and finally now I am totally focused on taking care of my Tibetan Mastiff.

其實每種狗都可愛，只是養著養著，慢慢摸索出自己最喜歡的樣子——
To be honest, no matter what the breed, each dog is cute & lovable in its own way. Having own so many dogs, I slowly figured out what I like the most.

比方紐波利頓，嘴巴皮垂皺加上毛短，吃完東西不馬上擦乾淨，很容易過敏有皮膚病，照養上很費功夫。
Neapolitan Mastiff, for example, has saggy faces and very short hair. If you don’t clean him up after a meal, the dog can very easily have allergic reactions or skin diseases. It’s quite a chore taking care of this breed of dogs.

大丹漂亮修長，但我更喜歡粗勇的體型。
Great Danes are beautiful and usually possesses a lengthy body, but I like ones with a thicker and wider body.

高加索犬算是最貼近我期待的，但是，高加索犬野性比較強，對其他小狗比較不友善。
Caucasian Shepherd is perhaps a breed that is closest to my ideal type. However, shepherds are more primitive, they are not that friendly to small dogs.

至於西藏獒犬，牠忠實、對小孩、女人和小型動物又溫和——尤其是冬天，西藏獒犬換上一身長披毛，站出來威風凜凜、霸氣十足。
As far as Tibetan Mastiff goes, they are loyal, and gentle around kids, women, and other small animals. Especially during winter, a Tibetan Mastiff would change into a long fur coat, appearing so confident and proud, as if everything else is beneath them.
養到西藏獒犬，我心中就有「中」的感覺——所以一路養到現在。
When I got to owning a Tibetan Mastiff, that’s when my heart and mind went: “This is the one!” And so… I have been raising one ever since.

之前養的每隻狗，我都是養到牠們老死——大型狗的平均壽命比中小型犬還要短的許多，大概10年到15年。
All the dogs I had previously, I have always had them until they passed away peacefully in my arms due to old age. The average lifespan of large-sized dogs are usually a lot shorter than small-sized dogs. 10 -15 years, I would say, is probably the max.

要駕馭大型狗，教法是重點。我常跟人說，「狗的主人要有霸氣，要比狗兇」。從小規矩就要訂下——如果主人希望能帶大狗去散步，一定要從小帶牠出門，讓牠習慣走在你腿旁邊，讓牠早早社會化。
To manage a large-sized dog, the key is on teaching. I often tell my friends: “As a dog owner you have to be dominant, you have to be more dominant than your dog.” Show ‘em who’s the boss in the house, so to speak lol. As a dog owner if you wish to take your large dog out for a walk, you have to start taking them for a walk when they are still very small, let them get used to walking alongside you, this is basically to socialize them.

你帶領狗去散步，不是牠帶你去散步——讓牠們見多視廣，狗就不會有初見陌生事物激動暴衝的時候。
Remember tho, you are taking them for a walk, not the other way around. You have to let them see more, let them become familiarize with what’s happening on the outside. This way, it will lessen the occurrence of your dog having violent reactions to unfamiliar or unknown objects.

基本上，除非是生病，要不然狗咬人，都是基於「恐懼」。牠怕主人被攻擊，所以擺出戰鬥姿態——當然，社會化不足或主人威嚴感比較差的狗，就比較容易出在驚慌狀態下而暴衝咬人。
Basically, unless your dog is sick, a dog only starts biting people out of “fear.” They fear that his owner will be attacked, that’s why he goes into “combat mode.” Of course, a dog that is less socialized or a dog with a less dominant owner will more likely become violent (including biting) when they feel threatened or panicking.

這部分是主人的問題，比較不是狗狗本身的問題。改善了狗主人的牽法與教育狗的方式，狗的暴衝、易怒問題就可以得到改善。
This is the owner’s fault, and not on the dog. Once you improve upon the way you walk the dog and educate the dog the right away, the dog’s violent behavior and violent tendencies will show an improvement.

獒犬還有一個別稱，「栓犬」。讓獒犬待在同個地方大概30分鐘，牠就會覺得那是牠地盤，開始會對經過的路人兇，這點要特別注意。
Mastiff also goes by another name, “guardian dogs.” If you let a Mastiff stay in one place for over 30 minutes, he’ll think that this place is his place, his territory, and will starting defending it by being aggressive to passerby, this is something to be aware of.

我最常被問到的，獒犬吃很多三餐費用很高吧？
The question that I was asked the most is… “Mastiffs eat a lot, don’t they? So you must’ve spend a lot of dog food, right?”

我自己對狗比較捨得，讓牠吃好——牛肉全雞羊肉，但是也不一定要跟我一樣餵法。讓牠們吃飽，有時間去跑跑步，偶爾洗一下澡，牠們就很開心了。
I am more catering to my dog, that’s for sure. I’ll let him eat the good stuff --- beef, full chicken, lamb… But you don’t have to do it like me, tho, just feed him regularly so your dog is not hungry. If you have the time, take him for a walk or a jog, or bathe him, he is going to be really really happy if you do so.

最後要提醒的是，大型犬因為身體重腳的負擔大，狗主人最好是把牠們養在不滑的地板上，跟，6個月以前的小狗，髖關節還沒發育完全，不要讓牠們大量跑跳。這兩點注意一下，加上每天帶花時間帶牠們去散步運動，這樣就能保持牠們四隻腳的健康，減少很多腿部問題。
Lastly, I want remind everyone, as far as large dogs go, because of their huge physique they have tons of pressure on their feet, so it’s best for a dog owner to raise a large-sized dog on a non-slippery floor. Also, for a dog that is not yet 6 months old, don’t let the dog do too much jumping and running because his hip joint isn’t fully developed yet. That’s two things you should keep in mind. So as long as you take the time to walk your dog and do a bit of exercise, you’ll be able to keep their legs healthy, which will reduce a lot of the dog’s leg problems.

不管大狗小狗，牠們都是我們的家人，養了，就好好照顧牠一輩子。最後還是那句話.如何對待如何回報.
No matter big or small, a dog is family. If you got one, please take care of him/her for the rest of its life. Lastly, just want to say, You reap what you sow.

【足本版】《Blue Ocean Strategy 藍海策略: 三部曲》

做生意有兩個海。 紅海，就是人做你做，價格競爭，互相廝殺，血染大海。 藍海, 就是你費時同人爭，自己游開去， 當競爭對手無到。

一般的公司，要識得 compete， 片低競爭對手，可惜 ，搞到個海紅曬。真正叻嘅公司，係應該識得 create, 做大個餅，唔使理啲競爭對手， 享受自己嘅碧海暢泳， 因為佢已經游出咗個藍海 。點做? 聽落去你就明。
........
Invitation: Blue Ocean Breakfast @ American Club Central

2019年6月 (星期六 10-12pm) (約4/5位)
報名方法: 請WhatsApp你的卡片到
9218 5223 (聯絡Suki/Monica)
Free, 我請食早餐!
......
而家係法國 INSEAD 商學院嘅 Blue Ocean Strategy Institute  讀書。 自2005年出版以來，呢本 Blue Ocean Strategy 書就翻譯咗44個唔同語言， 全球賣出咗400萬本。 根據Thinkers50, 作者INSEAD 教授 W. Chan Kim 同埋 Renee Mauborgne 都連續五屆成為全球頭五名 Business Thinker 最具影響力嘅商界智囊。

係呢本書，佢哋研究咗全球108間公司推出嘅新產品，發現86%都係一啲叫做紅海嘅產品，即係人做佢做。只得14%係藍海產品。 但係嗰14%嘅藍海產品， 對整體公司收入嘅影響就增加咗38%， 對利潤嘅影響仲增加咗61%。 換句話說，如果你推出藍海嘅產品，你賺錢嘅比率係比紅海高出接近十倍。

咁點樣先能夠搵到藍海呢? 三部曲:

(1) 先要知道邊個係你批客
(2) 了解佢哋由購買、使用、至保養、棄置嘅痛點 Pain Point 喺邊度
(3) 透過ERRC (Eliminate, Reduce, Raise and Create) 去重新佈局自己嘅產品

Step (1) 你先要知道邊個係你批客

係嗰行做生意，好多人覺得最緊要知道嗰行頭嘅核心客人喺邊個。Who are the core customers? 服務得佢地好，咁就賺大錢啦。錯啦!

根據藍海策略，你要打低行家，賺大錢，比 core customers 更加重的就係要知道邊個係 non-customers 非客戶。 你唔係要去 compete, 而係要去 create. 你搵到呢班non-customers喺邊度，吸引佢哋過嚟幫襯你。

Non-customers (非客戶) 有三種。

Tier 1 : "Soon-to-be" non-customers. They are noncustomers who are on the edge of your market waiting to jump ship. 佢哋好唔滿意個行業嘅現況，好想離開唔玩。

Tier 2: "Refusing" non-customers who conciously choose against your market. 呢班人已經決定咗唔幫襯你個行業。

Tier 3: "Unexplored" non-customers who are in markets distant from yours. 呢班人諗都冇諗過幫襯你嗰行。

以我自己為例。喺香港買間街舖平均要三千萬港幣，就當買舖投資係個行業。 有啲人覺得買咗間舖之後租唔出，好煩，以後都唔會再買多間。呢班就係 Tier 1 "soon-to-be" non-customers. 佢哋已經入咗嚟個行業啦，但係好唔滿意個行頭，好想走，以後可能唔再返來。Soon to be not customers anymore. 

有啲人睇嚟睇去都冇從入手， 覺得買舖好難， 都係買返住宅工商物業好啲。呢班就係 Tier 2 "refusing" non-customers. 佢哋已經決定咗唔幫襯呢個買舖行業。

Tier 3 "unexplored" non-customers， 呢班人完全諗都冇諗過要買舖投資。 佢哋只有買一般股票、債券，或者將啲錢放銀行就算數啦。

如果我只係target嗰班 core customers 核心客戶, 即係買開舖嗰班老手或者抄家， 咁我間舖就要特別平或者特別靚，core customers 先至會買。 蘋果對蘋果，又要平又要靚，我梗係賺唔到錢啦。

但如果我 target 班 non-customers, 只要我係能夠滿足佢哋想降低風險，唔想煩，但又要有合理回報嘅需求，我charge 嘅收費同埋畀佢批貨就可能好唔同。 而家就係用緊個橙同蘋果比，無得直接比較，咁先有我哋嘅獨特價值。 呢個，亦都我公司商舖基金專注行緊嘅方向。

再講下班入面另一個你同我都一定玩過嘅行業 - 打機。 喺電子遊戲機呀。

一諗起打機，可能你就會覺得 core customers 核心客戶就係嗰班十零廿歲靚仔，日打晚打，坐喺度對咗個screen淨係用隻手指係咁篤。 咁多年最出名嘅應該都係Sony Playstation 同埋 Microsoft Xbox。如果你係第三間打機公司，咁點打低佢哋兩個呢?

咁你要試下 target non-customers。諗真啲其實市場上有三班 non-customers.

Tier 1 soon-to-be non-customers 就係嗰班打開機嘅靚仔，日打夜打已經打到好悶， 分分鐘屋企人又反對，想試下啲新嘢。 佢哋就嚟想離開個行業。

Tier 2 refusing non-customers 就係嗰班女仔或者鍾意運動嘅靚仔， 唔想日日坐喺度篤篤篤打機， 佢哋特登就係唔想玩 Playstation或者Xbox。

Tie 3 unexplored non-customers 就係嗰班老人家，父母， 好似我咁，從來冇諗過要係屋企打機， 仲成日反對個仔女打機㖭。

咁點樣可以吸引到呢三班人呢? Nintedo 就喺2006年推出咗 Wii， 我相信你都可能玩過Wii。Wii 就係唔單止坐係道篤篤篤， 而係配合有好多全身嘅運動， 先至打到tennis ，出到拳， 閃到身。

佢就吸引咗個班已經玩到厭，想試下新嘢嘅 Tier 1 soon-to-be non-customers, 較鍾意運動喐下嘅 tier 2 refusing non-customers, 同埋想同屋企人一齊玩而本身年紀較大嘅 Tier 3 unexplored non-customers，好似我咁。 我當時自己都買咗部Wii同屋企人玩。但Paystation Xbox? 我從來都無買過， 亦都唔打算買。

講完 Step (1) 班客係邊個，再Step (2) 了解班客由購買、使用、至保養、棄置嘅痛點 Pain Point 喺邊度

Wii 點解我會買? 因為解決咗我同好多人嘅痛點， 就係覺得另外嗰兩個牌子啲遊戲太複雜， 唔鍾意成日坐喺度淨係搵手指篤， 但係又唔想好似同時代脫節，見到啲靚仔玩自己又唔識玩。 因此點都要買返部覺得自己 "in" 啲。Wii 就係成功行咗第二步，(2) 了解 non customers 嘅痛點 Pain Point 喺邊度，解決咗佢，吸引新嘅客源。

做生意有本事，你就樣樣嘢都做得好過人。但咁樣，通常成本會過高。樣樣嘢都慳 ，產品就會太渣。 必須要喺一個取捨，就要行第三步

Step (3) ERRC. Eliminate 刪除, Reduce 減少, Raise 增加 and Create 創造，去重新佈局自己嘅產品

呢個就係Wii 當年嘅 Strategy Canvas 戰略佈局圖。佢 eliminate 刪除咗高解像度嘅圖像，eliminate 咗打機以非必要functions 同埋接駁 HDTV 嘅功能。 佢 reduce 減少咗 processing power and online gaming 嘅能力， 由於部機簡單咗，所以價錢亦都比當時嘅入門版 Playstation 3 (賣緊美金$499或599 )同埋 Xbox (賣緊美金$299或399) 平，Wii 2016年推出嘅時候只賣美金249，平均平咗4成半。

雖然平啲，Wii 就 Raise 增加咗部機嘅設計美感，感覺比較有型，同埋推出更加多不同嘅遊戲比玩家選擇。佢create 創造咗 motion gaming ，要全身旭先至能夠打到機， 同埋家庭友善，可以全家人一齊玩嘅遊戲。

亦都因為咁佢就搵到佢嘅藍海 Blue Ocean, 2006年一推出就大受歡迎， 吸引咗嗰班從來無買過Playstation同埋Xbox嘅客戶去買。推出頭一年， Wii 全球賣出咗超過二千萬部， 有超過五成嘅市佔率, 多過playstation同埋Xbox兩個加起嚟。

如果當初Wii 係諗住吸引返同一班打開機嘅核心客戶 core customers ，即係嗰班hard core 打開機嘅靚仔嘅話，肯定冇咁嘅成績。Wii 唔單止 compete, 而係create 咗個新市場叫做 Motion Gaming.  雖然近年少咗人玩Wii，但佢推出短短十年就全球賣出咗超過一億部，come on, I have no complaint， man! 

最後，好重要嘅就係藍海嘅產品，例如上面嘅 Wii，係會同時令公司嘅成本降低，但人客嘅價值提升。呢個先係 value innovation 價值創新。 如果你嘅成本無降低到，或者人客嘅價值無提升過，你只係停留緊喺個紅海入面， 鬥平或者鬥靚，未游到出去個藍海。

記住，做生意唔一定要 compete，而係要 create 呀。唸下班 Tier 1, 2, 3 non-customers， 有乜嘢可以降低自己成本，同時又提升客戶嘅價值，吸引班 non-customers 過來， 解決佢哋嘅痛點， 透過ERRC 做大個餅。 我嗰班買舖嘅客，好多都唔會自己單獨去買。 你批客呢? 你個海又係紅定藍呢?

總結 Summary: 

《Blue Ocean Strategy 藍海策略: 三部曲》

(1) 尋找到那班 non-customers (非客戶)

Tier 1 : "Soon-to-be" non-customers. 
Tier 2: "Refusing" non-customers.
Tier 3: "Unexplored" non-customers.

(2) 了解班 non-customers 由購買、使用、至保養、棄置的痛點 Pain Points 在那裏?

(3) 透過ERRC (Eliminate, Reduce, Raise and Create) 去重新策略佈局公司的產品，游出藍海。

#藍海策略三部曲，#BlueOceanStrategyIn3Steps，#最簡單地解釋藍海策略



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