#EZTALK #你不知道的美國大小事
#pandemic #covid19 #武漢肺炎 #鑽石公主號 #Kirkland
COVID-19 2019新型冠狀病毒最新狀況

最近常在新聞看到的 pandemic
到底是什麼意思？
來看看最新的美國大小事
新聞與英文一起點好點滿💪

Since we last talked about Wuhan pneumonia, the disease, which the WHO has designated COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease 2019), has continued its spread across the globe. At present, there are nearly 100,000 confirmed cases, over 3,000 deaths, and 48,000 recovered patients. As the death toll continues to rise, many health experts fear that the outbreak will turn into a global pandemic.
世界衛生組織已經正式將武漢肺炎命名為COVID-19（2019新型冠狀病毒疾病），此疾病持續在全球蔓延，目前為止已經有近十萬例確診病例，超過三千人死亡，四萬八千位病人痊癒。隨著死亡人數持續上升，許多衛生專家擔憂，此疾病將會變成全球流行病。

Governments have responded to this public health crisis with travel restrictions, quarantines and curfews. In China, still the hardest hit, many cities in Hubei province have been put on lockdown; in Japan, passengers and crew on the cruise ship Diamond Princess were put under quarantine; and around the world, many countries have expanded travel restrictions to include travelers from South Korea, Iran and Italy, which have all been hit hard by the virus.
各地政府對此公衛危機做出因應，如提升旅遊限制，並實施隔離檢疫與出入限制。中國依然是最嚴重的疫區，湖北省許多城市已經封城。日本鑽石公主號的乘客與船員被隔離。許多國家也陸續針對南韓、伊朗與義大利擴大旅遊限制，這些國家正是病毒肆虐最嚴重的地區。

In the United States, the first confirmed case was a man who returned to Washington State from a trip to Wuhan on January 21. By the end of January, the first case of person-to-person transmission was reported, and by the end of February the country had its first casualty—a Seattle man in his 50s who had underlying health issues. So far in March, there have been six coronovirus deaths in the U.S., all in Washington, with four of them at a nursing home in Kirkland, a city next to Seattle. With over 100 confirmed cases in at least 15 states, and signs of community transmission, the country is preparing the possibility of a widespread epidemic.
美國第一名確診病例，是一名1月21從武漢旅遊返回華盛頓州的男性。一月底，第一起人傳人的病例出現，二月底，美國出現第一起死亡病例，是一名住在西雅圖、有潛在疾病的五十多歲男性。截至三月，美國共有6起新型冠狀病毒死亡病例，其中4起就發生在華盛頓州西雅圖隔壁城市柯克蘭的一間護理之家。由於美國已經在至少15州發現超過100起確診病例，也有社區感染跡象，美國政府正準備因應大規模流行病發生的可能性。

【✍關鍵單字】
1. designate「正式指定」
2. confirmed case「確診病例」
3. recovered「痊癒的，復原的」
4. death toll「死亡人數」
5. pandemic「大流行病」：在此當名詞，指在廣大區域或全球造成傳染的大規模流行病，如以前的黑死病或霍亂就是pandemic。也可以當形容詞，指「（疾病）大規模流行的」。根據WHO，當一種疾病被定義成pandemic，需符合以下條件：1. 一種新病原在人群中出現；2. 會引發嚴重病況；3. 具高度人傳人傳染性。
6. crisis「危機；危急時刻」：名詞，複數型為crises。
7. quarantine「檢疫隔離」：可當動詞與名詞。
8. curfew「出入限制；宵禁」：當名詞。
9. lockdown「封城，封區」
10. casualty「死傷人員」
11. underlying「潛在的」：underlying health issues指「有慢性病史的」。
12. nursing home「療養院，護理之家」
13. community transmission「社區傳染」

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