最近，我在「TIME時代」雜志的專欄文章裡，向全球的讀者介紹了大陸「世界工廠」的+AI自動化升級。隨著勞動力成本的上漲，工業自動化、智慧化勢必是大陸製造業的一劑特效藥。自動化能讓運營成本下降，但仍能讓中國大陸保持生產品質、流程、供應鏈維度的優勢。AI賦能產業升級的願景或許還需多年才能實現，但當下的大陸已經讓未來可期。

以下是專欄文章全文，經TIME授權翻譯轉載：

「中國世界工廠 + AI 的未來」

多年來，中國大陸一直被喻為「世界工廠」，即便在全球其他經濟體紛紛遭遇新冠疫情重擊的2020年，大陸製造產業仍然維持穩健的增長范式，全年產值高達3.854萬億美元，占到全球市場近三分之一。

但如果你腦中的大陸工廠是傳統的「血汗工廠」，是時候修正你的刻板印象了。大陸經濟已經迅速地從疫情衝擊下復蘇，疫情同時催化了各種各樣人工智慧（AI）的應用場景加速實現。自2014年以來，中國大陸的AI專利申請量已經超越美國，至今維持全球領先。在學術領域，中國大陸的AI研究論文發表數量、AI期刊的引用量，也雙雙在近年超過了美國。在產業方面，AI應用在大陸的落地速度超越世界其他國家和地區，具有商業價值的AI應用如今開始百花齊放，整合了軟體、硬體和機器人技術的新一代自動化揭開序曲，AI賦能傳統行業的能量，正在蓄勢待發地重塑各行各業。

人類社會至今經歷了三次不同的工業革命：蒸汽革命、電力革命和資訊革命。我相信，AI將會是推動全球第四次工業革命的核心引擎，在世界各地點燃數位化和自動化的變革，而這波前所未有的硬科技浪潮，將由中國來引領實踐。

由於勞動人口減少和新增人口放緩，中國大陸的傳統產業正面臨著勞動力成本上升的巨大壓力，AI正是解決這個難題的技術解答。人工智慧不僅能夠降低運營成本，提高生產效率，擴大整體產能，還有望能帶來收入的增長。

例如，創新工場投資的廣州極飛科技是一家致力於未來農業的AI科技公司，極飛將無人機、機器人和感測器部署在稻田、麥田和棉花田裡，用技術賦能農業中的播種、農藥噴灑、栽種管理、甚至天氣監測環節。用於作物噴灑的極飛科技R150農業無人車已經被推廣到了英國，應用在蘋果、草莓、黑莓等多種經濟作物的種植流程中。

一些大陸的創新公司正積極把機器人拓展到意想不到的場景。總部位於北京的鎂伽是創新工場投資的生命科學智慧自動化公司，他們和實驗室、製藥公司、高校合作，憑藉AI+機器人技術的積累，用自動化解決方案執行實驗室中勞動密集、重複性高、但需要高度精確的任務和流程，同時機器人作業也將盡最大可能保護實驗室人員降低實驗過程中的感染風險。

除了創業公司，我們看到幾家成熟的龍頭企業也開始積極擁抱AI。創新工場參與了有28年歷史的中力電動叉車，這家頭部的鋰電叉車製造商已經推出了能夠在工廠、倉庫自主運行的無人叉車，並且無需對運行環境進行改造，能快速實現從手動到電動到自動駕駛的搬運賦能創新。此外，擁有50多年歷史的領先客車製造商-宇通集團，與自動駕駛獨角獸企業-文遠知行戰略合作，已在大陸三個城市的馬路上運行全無人駕駛小巴。

接著會發生什麼？我大膽預見，在更長遠的未來，機器人和AI將接管大多數產品的製造、設計、交付甚至營銷——很可能將生產成本降低到和原物料成本相差無幾。未來的機器人有能力自我複製和自我修復，甚至做到部分自我反覆運算設計。房屋和公寓將交由AI主導設計，使用預製建築模塊，交由機器人像搭積木似地築樓蓋房。無人公交、無人摩托等隨傳隨到的自動化未來交通系統，能將我們安全無虞地送達想去的地方。

這些願景成為現實或許還需要多年，但此時的大陸正在積極鋪墊引領新一代自動化革命的基石。可期的是，中國工廠的實力將不僅僅體現在產能上，而將逐步彰顯在智慧上。

本文經「TIME時代」授權進行中文編譯，原文如下：

China Is Still the World's Factory — And It's Designing the Future With AI

BY KAI-FU LEE

For many years now, China has been the world’s factory. Even in 2020, as other economies struggled with the effects of the pandemic, China’s manufacturing output was $3.854 trillion, up from the previous year, accounting for nearly a third of the global market.

But if you are still thinking of China’s factories as sweatshops, it’s probably time to change your perception. The Chinese economic recovery from its short-lived pandemic blip has been boosted by its world-beating adoption of artificial intelligence (AI). After overtaking the U.S. in 2014, China now has a significant lead over the rest of the world in AI patent applications. In academia, China recently surpassed the U.S. in the number of both AI research publications and journal citations. Commercial applications are flourishing: a new wave of automation and AI infusion is crashing across a swath of sectors, combining software, hardware and robotics.

As a society, we have experienced three distinct industrial revolutions: steam power, electricity and information technology. I believe AI is the engine fueling the fourth industrial revolution globally, digitizing and automating everywhere. China is at the forefront in manifesting this unprecedented change.

Chinese traditional industries are confronting rising labor costs thanks to a declining working population and slowing population growth. The answer is AI, which reduces operational costs, enhances efficiency and productivity, and generates revenue growth.

For example, Guangzhou-based agricultural-technology company XAG, a Sinovation Ventures portfolio company, is sending drones, robots and sensors to rice, wheat and cotton fields, automating seeding, pesticide spraying, crop development and weather monitoring. XAG’s R150 autonomous vehicle, which sprays crops, has recently been deployed in the U.K. to be used on apples, strawberries and blackberries.

Some companies are rolling out robots in new and unexpected sectors. MegaRobo, a Beijing-based life-science automation company also backed by Sinovation Ventures, designs AI and robots to safely perform repetitive and precise laboratory work in universities, pharmaceutical companies and more, reducing to zero the infection risk to lab workers.

It’s not just startups; established market leaders are also leaning into AI. EP Equipment, a manufacturer of lithium-powered warehouse forklifts founded in Hangzhou 28 years ago, has with Sinovation Ventures’ backing launched autonomous models that are able to maneuver themselves in factories and on warehouse floors. Additionally Yutong Group, a leading bus manufacturer with over 50 years’ history, already has a driverless Mini Robobus on the streets of three cities in partnership with autonomous vehicle unicorn WeRide.

Where is all this headed? I can foresee a time when robots and AI will take over the manufacturing, design, delivery and even marketing of most goods—potentially reducing costs to a small increment over the cost of materials. Robots will become self-replicating, self-repairing and even partially self-designing. Houses and apartment buildings will be designed by AI and use prefabricated modules that robots put together like toy blocks. And just-in-time autonomous public transportation, from robo-buses to robo-scooters, will take us anywhere we want to go.

It will be years before these visions of the future enter the mainstream. But China is laying the groundwork right now, setting itself up to be a leader not only in how much it manufactures, but also in how intelligently it does it.

Source：https://time.com/6084158/china-ai-factory-future/

#NewPlaceNewRhythm #recap #新地方新節奏 #中文⏬
What happens when you move from a city with a population of 2.7million to a little town in Hawaii (~4000 people) during covid?

YOU SLOW DOWN.

Besides working online, I spent most of my past weeks resting, reading, exercising, and - let’s be honest - chilling and sleeping! 😆

You’d think this is the dream, but believe me, as a workaholic this feels WEIRD. And guilty. (Uff why can’t I just enjoy🤦🏽‍♀️) I’m so used to the high-speed life, full schedule. And now I’m just floating around it seems, placing one foot at a time, figuring out where what how.

After 11 years in Taiwan, this was to be expected. I wanted a change. I just didn’t know how it was gonna be.

Moving to a new place is like starting from 0 (or 1 because at least I don’t need to learn a new language this time). I get to rebuild my life and my routines. It’s fun, but it’s also hard, because I don’t know what my new “building blocks” are until I find them. There’s no structure.

But I’m committing to this slow process now. I want to allow more things I love to enter my life and let superficial distractions pass through. There’s a lot of silence and emptiness too right now, but I am allowing that space to exist within me, maybe keeping it empty for a while. Why not? Silence has a voice too.

“Life’s not a competition, it’s an adventure”, I remind myself.
You can go fast, or you can go slow. Just keep moving to your own rhythm. 👣

～

當妳在新冠病毒期間從一個大城市（人口270萬）搬到夏威夷的一個小鎮時（人口約4000 ）會發生什麼？

你。會。慢。下。來。很。多。

除了在線工作之外，我過去幾週大部分時間都在休息、做家事、跟愛人去海邊，閱讀、運動，還有⋯睡覺！ 😆

聽起來很像夢想？相信我，作為一個工作狂，這感覺很奇怪，好像有罪⋯ （幹嘛不好好享受就好🤦🏽‍♀️）我在台灣已經習慣了高速忙碌的生活，但現在的我似乎感覺是漂浮在宇宙中，只能一步一步慢慢來，因為建立基礎總是最難。

在台灣待了 11 年後，這也不是意外吧。我過來就是想做出改變。 只是改變之前其實我不知道結果會怎麼樣。

搬到一個新的地方就像從0開始（或從1開始因為至少這次至少不需要再學一個新語言）。
我開始重建我的生活，找新結構。雖然這滿有趣，但也有他的難處，因為在尋找和認識新地方時，心裡會不穩定。

但我已開始擁抱這個緩慢的過程。 想讓更多我喜愛的東西進入生活，同時過濾不必要的事物。雖然常常也有沉默和空虛，但我想允許那個空間存我的內心，也許讓它空虛一段時間。 為何不？ 沉默也有聲音。

生活不是比賽，而是旅程
我們可以走得快，也可以走得慢
繼續按照自己的節奏前進就好👣

～

@nuli.app @surfaceapparel

張忠謀對半導體供應鏈在地化的致詞引起矚目，我將全文的翻譯，分享給大家：

張忠謀APEC非正式領袖會議致詞全文：（中文在後）

This Informal Retreat has been called to discuss how Asia-Pacific can collaborate to move through the COVID health crisis, and to accelerate the post-COVID economic recovery. Chinese Taipei will address these two topics specifically.
On COVID-19, Chinese Taipei has had an excellent record so far. With a population of 23 million, over the last year and half, and in spite of a recent surge which has now abated, we have had a total of about fifteen thousand infected cases (.07% of the population), and 763 deaths (3 out of one hundred thousand).
We believe that our experience and know-how gained can help other APEC members. We have been, and continue to be willing to help. We have donated masks and other medical supplies to other APEC members in the past and are ready and willing to share our anti-COVID-19 know-how with you.
At the same time, WE NEED HELP! Our vaccination coverage at present is less than 20%. Although the U.S. and Japan have been generous in donating vaccines to us, and our private institutions have succeeded in procuring ten million doses of vaccines, we still need more vaccines, and need them sooner! Most other APEC members need help as well. We must ask for help from the APEC members that possess and produce more vaccines than they themselves need.
On re-vitalizing Post-COVID economy, Chinese Taipei urges free trade among APEC members and in the world, after giving consideration to vital national security needs.
In the past seven decades, free trade has enabled vibrant growth in most APEC economies. Free trade is merely a way in which each APEC economy contributes its own competitive advantage and every APEC member benefits.
Recently, however, we note with concern the tendency to want self-sufficiency or “on-shoring” of semiconductor chips. We must point out that in the past many decades free trade has greatly helped the advance of semiconductor technology. In turn, the ever greater complexity of the technology has caused the supply chain to go “off-shore”.
It would be highly impractical to try to turn back the clock. If it is tried, cost will go up and technology advance may slow. What may happen is that after hundreds of billions and many years have been spent, the result will still be a not-quite-self-sufficient, and high-cost supply chain.
We do recognize national security concerns, and believe that for security applications, a self-sufficient supply chain within one’s own borders is prudent. However, for the much larger civilian market, a supply chain substantially based on free trade system is by far the best approach.
In summary, on COVID-19, Chinese Taipei can help, is ready and willing to help with its know-how, but also needs more vaccines sooner, along with many other APEC members. On Post-COVID economic re-vitalization, Chinese Taipei urges free trade, after giving consideration to vital national security concerns.

（中文翻譯）

此次非正式領袖會議召開的目的是討論亞太地區應如何合作以度過新型冠狀病毒（COVID-19）疫情危機，並加速疫後經濟復甦。中華台北將就這兩個議題表達看法。
面對新型冠狀病毒（COVID-19）疫情，中華台北迄今維持傑出防疫紀錄。我們有兩千三百萬人口，儘管近期疫情曾一度升溫，但目前業已趨緩，在過去超過一年半的時間中，總確診病例數約為一萬五千例（佔總人口0.07%），其中死亡病例數為763例（約為十萬分之三）。
相信我們在過程中得到的經驗與知識能夠協助其他APEC成員。我們持續地願意提供協助。過去我們曾捐贈口罩與其他醫療物資予其他APEC成員，現在也準備好與你們分享我們抗疫的知識。
同時，我們也需要幫助！目前我們的疫苗注射覆蓋率低於20%。雖然美國與日本已慷慨捐贈疫苗，我們的民間機構也已成功採購一千萬劑，我們仍然需要更多數量的疫苗，而且需要儘快取得！其他多數的APEC成員也需要幫助。我們需要向目前擁有並生產超過他們自身所需疫苗數量的APEC成員尋求協助。
針對疫後經濟復甦，中華台北敦促APEC成員，在考慮重要國家安全需求後，彼此間及與全球進行自由貿易。
在過去70年，自由貿易使多數APEC經濟體蓬勃發展。自由貿易僅是各APEC經濟體貢獻自己的競爭優勢，而其他APEC成員藉此受惠的方法。
然而近來，我們很關切要求「境內」半導體晶片自給自足的趨勢。我們必需指出，過去數十年的自由貿易大幅促進半導體技術發展。因此，越趨複雜的技術致使供應鏈走向「境外」。
試圖讓時光倒流是相當不切實際的，如果嘗試讓時光倒流，不僅成本將會提升以及技術的進步可能放緩。在花費了數千億與許多年的時間之後，結果仍將是無法充分自給自足且成本很高的供應鏈。
我們認同國家安全的顧慮確實存在，也相信針對國安應用，在國境內存有一個能夠自給自足的供應鏈是審慎的作法。然而，針對規模大得許多的民間市場，一個基於自由貿易體系的供應鏈是最好的作法。
總結來說，針對新型冠狀病毒（COVID-19）疫情，中華台北能夠協助，我們也願意、並準備好以自身的知識與經驗提供協助，但也和其他許多APEC成員一樣，需要儘快取得更多疫苗。關於疫後經濟復甦，中華台北敦促在考慮關鍵國家安全需求後，應該採取自由貿易。

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我是哥倫布！我是在加拿大長大的香港人！現在喜歡在 YouTube 做出有趣好懂的英文教學內容。
YouTube 頻道外，我在 2020 年創立了 English.Cool 英文庫，目前已成為台灣/香港地區 No.1 英文教學資訊網站！

✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨✨

1.
Taiwan is not in Thailand!
台灣不是在泰國裡面的！

2.
Taiwan is a beautiful island located off the coast of Mainland China.
台灣是一個美麗的島嶼，位於中國大陸沿海。

3.
Taiwan is in an earthquake zone, so every year it experiences many earthquakes.
台灣處於地震帶，每年都會經歷多次地震。

4.
The central and eastern parts of the island are covered in mountain ranges.
該島的中心地區和東部地區都覆蓋著山脈。

5.
The western part of the island is flatter, and so that is where most of the population lives.
該島的西部地區比較平坦，因此這是大部分人口居住的地方。

6.
Climate.
氣候。

7.
Taiwan has a tropical climate.
台灣是熱帶氣候。

8.
Summers are hot and humid.
夏天炎熱潮濕。

9.
And every summer, several typhoons pass through Taiwan.
每年夏天，會有幾個颱風經過台灣。

10.
And Winters in Taiwan are kind of cold.
台灣的冬天有點冷。

11.
People.
人。

12.
Taiwan has a population of 23 million.
台灣有2300萬人口。

13.
Most of the population are Han Chinese.
大多數人口是漢族人。

14.
Within the Han Chinese, many are descendants of the Hoklo people.
在漢族人中，許多人是閩南人的後裔。

15.
And many are also descendants of the Hakka people.
許多人也是客家人的後裔。

16.
And the rest are descendants of the waishengren, who came to Taiwan during the Chinese Civil War.
其餘的都是在中國內戰期間來到台灣的外生人的後裔。

17.
Taiwan is also home to many indigenous people(s).
台灣也是許多原住民的家園。

18.
There are a total of 16 indigenous tribes in Taiwan.
台灣共有16個原住民種族部落。

19.
Language.
語言。

20.
The official language of Taiwan is Mandarin Chinese.
台灣的官方語言是國語。

21.
And the writing system is Traditional Chinese.
書寫系統是繁體中文。

22.
Apart from Mandarin, many Taiwanese people also speak Taiwanese Hokkien, also known as, simply, Taiwanese.
除了普通話外，許多台灣人也講閩南語，簡稱台灣人。

23.
And some also speak Hakka.
有些人也會說客家話。

24.
Many Taiwanese people are also very good at English.
許多台灣人也非常擅長英語。

25.
In fact, a lot of people love to learn English.
事實上，很多人都喜歡學習英語。

26.
And a lot of people also love to watch gelunbufayinku.
而且很多人也喜歡看哥倫布發音庫。

27.
Attractions.
旅遊景點。

28.
There are many things to do and places to visit in Taiwan.
在台灣有許多事情和景點可以去遊玩。

29.
For instance: Taipei 101.
例如：台北101。

30.
Taipei 101 is one of the tallest buildings in the world.
台北101大樓是世界上最高的建築之一。

31.
The National Palace Museum houses many national treasures.
國立故宮博物館藏有許多國寶。

32.
Taiwan night markets offer delicious Taiwanese snacks.
台灣夜市提供美味的台灣小吃。

33.
Sun Moon Lake offers beautiful scenery.
日月潭有很漂亮風景。

34.
Ximending is vibrant neighborhood that is great for shopping!
西門町是一個充滿活力的社區，非常適合購物！

35.
Taiwan numba one!
台灣NO.1！

36.
Let’s go over what I love about Taiwan.
讓我們回顧一下我對台灣的熱愛。

37.
Taiwanese people are extremely friendly, nice, polite, and hospitable.
台灣人非常友善、善良、有禮貌、熱情好客。

38.
I’m always amazed at how friendly and nice people here are.
我總是對這裡友好和善良的人感到驚訝。

39.
I think Taiwanese has the nicest people in the world.
我認為台灣人擁有世界上最好的人。

40.
The subway system here is very clean and efficient.
這裡的地鐵系統非常乾淨、高效。

41.
Taiwanese cuisine is delicious.
台灣菜很美味。

42.
Taiwanese bubble tea is world famous. The pearls are chewy and its just great, you gotta try it.
台灣的珍珠奶茶聞名世界。珍珠很耐嚼而且真的很棒，你們一定要嘗試看看。

43.
Living in Taiwan is also very safe and very convenient. There are restaurants and convenience stores everywhere.
住在台灣也很安全、也很方便。到處都有餐廳和便利店。

44.
Taiwan has a national health insurance program.
台灣有國家健康保險計劃。

45.
It provides universal coverage.
健保提供全面的照護。

46.
Healthcare here is cheap, efficient, and of high quality. Everybody loves it here!
這裡的醫療保健便宜、高效、高品質。每個人都對健保讚賞！

人口老化，population ageing，是人們經常討論的問題。Age 除了是名詞，解作年齡或時代之外，也可作動詞，解作老去、老化。

Dying Light is a zombie apocalypse-themed game set in an open world. Players traverse an expansive urban environment overrun by a vicious outbreak, scavenging the world for supplies and crafting weapons to defend against the growing infected population with a heavy focus on freerunning mechanics.Players also can customize the four characters in the game.

《 Dying Light 》是第一人稱動作恐怖生存遊戲，為玩家提供晝夜週期轉換以及一個巨大的開放世界。玩家將在白天穿過一個廣闊的有病毒爆發的城市環境，收集物資和各具特色的武器，以抵禦日益增長的感染人群。到了晚上，獵人變成獵物，被感染人群追捕，並且最可怕的是只出現在日落之後的天敵。玩家必須使用自己的一切力量生存，直到早上的第一道曙光。


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Part 11: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_nY9jxXnYDE
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