雖然這篇justice輪椅鄉民發文沒有被收入到精華區:在justice輪椅這個話題中,我們另外找到其它相關的精選爆讚文章
在 justice輪椅產品中有4篇Facebook貼文,粉絲數超過8,163的網紅鄭家朗 Isaac Cheng,也在其Facebook貼文中提到, //此刻,我想提醒生活在黑暗的人,不要習慣黑暗,也不要因為習慣而為黑暗辯解,甚至倒過來嘲笑那些尋找光明的人。 此刻,我要跟同行者分享,入獄不會是句號,也絕不應該是句號。在爭取公義的路上,今天的判決可以是逗號、分號,甚至是問號、感歎號,但肯定不是句號。 此刻,我想警告威權政府,即使你...
justice輪椅 在 鄭家朗 Isaac Cheng Facebook 的最佳解答
//此刻,我想提醒生活在黑暗的人,不要習慣黑暗,也不要因為習慣而為黑暗辯解,甚至倒過來嘲笑那些尋找光明的人。
此刻,我要跟同行者分享,入獄不會是句號,也絕不應該是句號。在爭取公義的路上,今天的判決可以是逗號、分號,甚至是問號、感歎號,但肯定不是句號。
此刻,我想警告威權政府,即使你們殺掉所有公鷄,也無法阻止晨曦的到來。//
—————— 邵家臻
《執拗的低音:邵家臻入獄前的自白》
各位:
大家看到這影片時,我已被裁定有罪及被送入監倉,傳媒對此有不少報導,我也想自我報導一下。在這七分鐘的影片中,為何參加佔中、聆訊過程中的感受、以及對佔中後的香港的想法,是我希望大家透過這影片,再一次去明白一個抗爭者的血肉故事,我會盡量做好自己,亦希望您們繼續守護香港。稍後見。
邵家臻
2019年4月25日
====================
‘A Statement by SHIU Ka Chun’
Dear all,
When you see this video,I have been sentenced eight months behind bars. Though there are some related news report, I want to report it by myself. During this 7mins video, the reason why I took part in Occupy Central, the feeling during the trial and my feeling after Occupy Central are what I hope you to know a factual story of a social activist. Better myself. And I hope you safeguard our Hong Kong. See you soon.
SHIU Ka Chun
25/4/2019
#雨傘運動
#和平佔中
#佔中九子
#公民抗命無畏無懼
#OccupyCentralwithpeaceandlove
#Umbrellamovement
#CivilDisobedience
《執拗的低音:邵家臻的陳情書》
A statement by SHIU Ka-chun
Translation by Hong Kong Free Press
2013年的復活節前夕,我決志參與「讓愛與和平佔領中環」;2016年的復活節前夕,我決定出選立法會社福界功能組別選舉;2019年的復活節前夕,我因「公眾妨擾罪」上庭,正等候法官發落。這就是我的陳情書。
On the eve of Easter in 2013, I decided to join “Occupy Central with Love and Peace” (OCLP). On the eve of Easter in 2016, I decided to run for a seat in the Social Welfare functional constituency in the legislature. On the eve of Easter in 2019, I am in court for public nuisance charges and am waiting for judgment. This is my statement.
1989年,我進入了浸會「學院」修讀社會工作,很快感受到「搞掂自己」與「搞好社會」之間的高度反差。1989年6月4日是一面鏡子,照出國家的暴力,也塑造了今日的自己。作為六四的一代,把八九六四鐫刻在生命之中,是因為它決定了我的相信或不相信,決定了我忠誠於誰、反叛於誰,決定了我的愛和恨。
In 1989, I entered Hong Kong Baptist College to study social work, and quickly realised the disparity between “taking care of myself” and “fixing society.” June 4th, 1989 was a mirror, which reflected the nation’s violence, and also moulded who I am today. As a member of the June 4th generation, I etched the incident into my life because it determined what I believe or disbelieve, to whom I am loyal or disloyal, what I love or hate.
我不相信這塊土地不需要有熱情而誠懇的異議者,不相信社會改革是種潮流,可以因為out而被淘汰。如果沒有改革氣氛,我們就一點一點地慢慢搞吧。
I don’t believe that this land does not need passionate and earnest dissidents, and neither do I believe social reform is a kind of fashion that can become outdated. If the atmosphere is not right for reform, then we can do it slowly, bit by bit.
第一階段,我相信文字戰勝時間。革命,我是做不到的,它必須用血和肉來交換。沉默,我也是做不到的,於是我唯有以一種最冷靜的方法,對社會的不公不義,提出針砭。
In the first stage, I believe that words can defeat time. I am incapable of revolution, because it demands blood and flesh, but I am also incapable of silence. So I can only use the most dispassionate way, of critiquing the injustices of our society.
第二階段,我以為「一個人行,行得快;兩個人行,行得遠。」2013年年初,我跟志同道合的社工們學習如何抵抗暴政,如何做組織,也做好自己;如何在受傷中學習而堅強;如何抵抗恐懼和絕望。簡言之,就是如何在社工界搞社會運動。
In the second stage, I thought “one person can walk fast, two people can go far.” At the start of 2013, my fellow social workers and I learnt how to resist tyranny, how to organise, and how to play my own part well. I learnt how to become stronger after being injured, how to resist fear and despair. In other words: how to start a social movement among social workers.
由2013年1月16日戴耀廷的文章開始,「讓愛與和平佔領中環運動」正式拉開戰幔。既然我在4月下旬以社工身分出席了佔中記招,成了傳媒口中的「十死士」,我不能有負眾望,所以我不斷為佔中運動製造有利條件。例如「我係社工我要佔中」座談會、社福界商討日、佔中社工隊、9月29日社工界大罷工等。
“Occupy Central with Love and Peace” officially started with an article written by Benny Tai on January 16, 2013. I attended the OCLP press conference in late April in my capacity as a social worker, and was coined by the media as one of the “ten martyrs.” Because of this, I could not disappoint people’s expectations, so I kept on creating conditions favourable to OCLP. For example, the “I’m a social work and I want to occupy Central” forum, a deliberation day for the social welfare sector, the social worker team for OCLP, and the social welfare sector strike on September 29.
在「無家者和平佔中商討日」時,認識當時還在生的翠姐。翠姐,患了末期肝癌,在通州街橋底露宿,儘管已經六十多歲,但仍希望為民主出一分力,堅持要我們推着坐輪椅的她參與「毅行爭普選」。翠姐說,以往的政治大事,都有意無意地將她拒於門外。她在街頭,活得像曱甴一樣……
At the OCLP deliberation day for the homeless, I came to know the late Chui. Chui was suffering from late-stage liver cancer and slept under the bridge on Tung Chau Street. Despite being in her sixties, she wanted to play her part for democracy, and insisted that we push her in her wheelchair to take part in the “Walk for universal suffrage.” Chui said, major political events in the past have either intentionally or unintentionally excluded her. She was living on the street, like a cockroach…
運動時的壓力,不僅來自政府威權,也來自群眾──早上你對強權大膽批判,博得民眾好感;很不幸,晚上回家時,你可能已經成為千夫所指的渣滓,因為中午你發表了一個不受歡迎的觀點。我不住提醒要有「獨立精神」:一,獨立於權威與商業;二,獨立於群眾;三,獨立於自己的榮辱。
The pressures during the movement did not only come from the government, but also from the crowd. In the morning you can boldly criticise the establishment and win the public’s affection. Unfortunately, when you return home at night you may have already become a derided scoundrel, just because you expressed an unpopular viewpoint at noon. I was always reminded to have an independent spirit: independent of those in power and big business, independent of the crowd, and independent of my own sense of honour and shame.
2014年12月中旬,政府清場。恐懼幾乎無處不在,社會上已找不到任何未被其染指的領域了。恐懼已成為最普遍的情緖,人們甚至透過它來觀察世界。不是說我沒有懼怕。只是不想自己就是這樣的怕下去。我不可以餵養自己的恐懼。
Mid-December 2014, the government cleared the streets. Fear was almost everywhere, and there was no uninfected space in society. Fear had already become the most common emotion, and people even used it to see the world. I’m not saying I was not afraid. I just didn’t want to continue being afraid. I could not feed my own fear.
我出選立法會,是要想非暴力抗爭未完。我要用行動告訴同路人,可以失望不可絕望;要出選,是要守住議會,用議席撐住社運;想出選,也要入議會守住左翼社會政策立場,倡議社會公義。我以「暗室點燈,絕處種花,突破樽頸,復興社工」作為競選口號並成功當選。
I ran for the Legislative Council because I wanted non-violent resistance to not be over. I needed to tell my companions that they can be disappointed but not lose hope. I ran for office to safeguard our council, to support the social movement with my seat. I ran for office to secure a left-wing viewpoint on social policies inside the legislature, and to promote social justice. I ran with the slogan of “Lighting a candle in a dark room, planting a flower at the end of the world, break free from the bottleneck, revive the social welfare sector” and I won.
過去兩年多的議會工作,諸般不順,百不稱心,雖然在「檢討院舍法例」、「整筆撥款津助制度檢討」、中學小學及幼稚園的「學校社工」、「新屋邨社工隊」、「檢討綜援」上有少許進展,但整體來說,議會工作的挫折感仍是不為外人道的。你問我做議會工作累不累?累也要站着。
In the past two years of working at the legislature, nothing has gone right and everything has been disheartening. There has been some minor progress in reviewing the law for residential care homes, the Lump Sum Grant Subvention Scheme, the school social work service, the social worker team for new housing estates, and reviewing the Comprehensive Social Security Assistance. But in general, the sense of frustration coming from my Legislative Council work is unspeakable. You ask if my work is tiring or not? Even if I am tired I have to stand.
此刻,我跟八位正派的人一起佇立面對審判。這些正派的人,無論大時代如何變遷動盪,也不管社會怎樣信仰破產、人慾橫流,在他們眉宇間都是堂堂正正、自尊自重、慎言篤行、有耻且格的。
At this moment, I stand with eight righteous people to face judgment. These people – no matter how the times change, how society becomes spiritually bankrupt, dark desires running wild – will live righteously and with respect. They are cautious in their words and deeds and can tell right from wrong.
此刻,我也要向三子報告,你們給我的任務,今天我總算完成。由「十死士」,到「揪着三子褲頭的人」,到今天的同案,甚至同囚。這條苦路,跟你們一起行完。能夠行到盡頭,是我的榮幸。
At this moment, I want to report to the Occupy trio: I have completed the task you gave me. From the “ten martyrs,” to the “person holding up the pants of the Occupy trio,” to co-defendants today, and maybe even fellow inmates. I have walked this bitter road with you to the end, and it was my honour.
此刻,我想提醒生活在黑暗的人,不要習慣黑暗,也不要因為習慣而為黑暗辯解,甚至倒過來嘲笑那些尋找光明的人。
At this moment, I want to remind those who live in the dark to not get used to dark, not to defend darkness out of habit, and not to scoff at those who search for the light.
此刻,我要跟同行者分享,入獄不會是句號,也絕不應該是句號。在爭取公義的路上,今天的判決可以是逗號、分號,甚至是問號、感歎號,但肯定不是句號。
At this moment, I want to say to my companions, a jail sentence is not a full stop and should not be one. On the path to justice, today’s judgment can be a comma, a semi-colon, even a question mark or an exclamation mark – but definitely not a full stop.
此刻,我想警告威權政府,即使你們殺掉所有公鷄,也無法阻止晨曦的到來。
At this moment, I warn the authoritarian government: even if you kill all the roosters, you cannot stop the coming of the dawn.
justice輪椅 在 Tommy Cheung 張秀賢 Facebook 的最佳解答
掛住你,臻。
《執拗的低音:邵家臻入獄前的自白》
各位:
大家看到這影片時,我已被裁定有罪及被送入監倉,傳媒對此有不少報導,我也想自我報導一下。在這七分鐘的影片中,為何參加佔中、聆訊過程中的感受、以及對佔中後的香港的想法,是我希望大家透過這影片,再一次去明白一個抗爭者的血肉故事,我會盡量做好自己,亦希望您們繼續守護香港。稍後見。
邵家臻
2019年4月25日
====================
‘A Statement by SHIU Ka Chun’
Dear all,
When you see this video,I have been sentenced eight months behind bars. Though there are some related news report, I want to report it by myself. During this 7mins video, the reason why I took part in Occupy Central, the feeling during the trial and my feeling after Occupy Central are what I hope you to know a factual story of a social activist. Better myself. And I hope you safeguard our Hong Kong. See you soon.
SHIU Ka Chun
25/4/2019
#雨傘運動
#和平佔中
#佔中九子
#公民抗命無畏無懼
#OccupyCentralwithpeaceandlove
#Umbrellamovement
#CivilDisobedience
《執拗的低音:邵家臻的陳情書》
A statement by SHIU Ka-chun
Translation by Hong Kong Free Press
2013年的復活節前夕,我決志參與「讓愛與和平佔領中環」;2016年的復活節前夕,我決定出選立法會社福界功能組別選舉;2019年的復活節前夕,我因「公眾妨擾罪」上庭,正等候法官發落。這就是我的陳情書。
On the eve of Easter in 2013, I decided to join “Occupy Central with Love and Peace” (OCLP). On the eve of Easter in 2016, I decided to run for a seat in the Social Welfare functional constituency in the legislature. On the eve of Easter in 2019, I am in court for public nuisance charges and am waiting for judgment. This is my statement.
1989年,我進入了浸會「學院」修讀社會工作,很快感受到「搞掂自己」與「搞好社會」之間的高度反差。1989年6月4日是一面鏡子,照出國家的暴力,也塑造了今日的自己。作為六四的一代,把八九六四鐫刻在生命之中,是因為它決定了我的相信或不相信,決定了我忠誠於誰、反叛於誰,決定了我的愛和恨。
In 1989, I entered Hong Kong Baptist College to study social work, and quickly realised the disparity between “taking care of myself” and “fixing society.” June 4th, 1989 was a mirror, which reflected the nation’s violence, and also moulded who I am today. As a member of the June 4th generation, I etched the incident into my life because it determined what I believe or disbelieve, to whom I am loyal or disloyal, what I love or hate.
我不相信這塊土地不需要有熱情而誠懇的異議者,不相信社會改革是種潮流,可以因為out而被淘汰。如果沒有改革氣氛,我們就一點一點地慢慢搞吧。
I don’t believe that this land does not need passionate and earnest dissidents, and neither do I believe social reform is a kind of fashion that can become outdated. If the atmosphere is not right for reform, then we can do it slowly, bit by bit.
第一階段,我相信文字戰勝時間。革命,我是做不到的,它必須用血和肉來交換。沉默,我也是做不到的,於是我唯有以一種最冷靜的方法,對社會的不公不義,提出針砭。
In the first stage, I believe that words can defeat time. I am incapable of revolution, because it demands blood and flesh, but I am also incapable of silence. So I can only use the most dispassionate way, of critiquing the injustices of our society.
第二階段,我以為「一個人行,行得快;兩個人行,行得遠。」2013年年初,我跟志同道合的社工們學習如何抵抗暴政,如何做組織,也做好自己;如何在受傷中學習而堅強;如何抵抗恐懼和絕望。簡言之,就是如何在社工界搞社會運動。
In the second stage, I thought “one person can walk fast, two people can go far.” At the start of 2013, my fellow social workers and I learnt how to resist tyranny, how to organise, and how to play my own part well. I learnt how to become stronger after being injured, how to resist fear and despair. In other words: how to start a social movement among social workers.
由2013年1月16日戴耀廷的文章開始,「讓愛與和平佔領中環運動」正式拉開戰幔。既然我在4月下旬以社工身分出席了佔中記招,成了傳媒口中的「十死士」,我不能有負眾望,所以我不斷為佔中運動製造有利條件。例如「我係社工我要佔中」座談會、社福界商討日、佔中社工隊、9月29日社工界大罷工等。
“Occupy Central with Love and Peace” officially started with an article written by Benny Tai on January 16, 2013. I attended the OCLP press conference in late April in my capacity as a social worker, and was coined by the media as one of the “ten martyrs.” Because of this, I could not disappoint people’s expectations, so I kept on creating conditions favourable to OCLP. For example, the “I’m a social work and I want to occupy Central” forum, a deliberation day for the social welfare sector, the social worker team for OCLP, and the social welfare sector strike on September 29.
在「無家者和平佔中商討日」時,認識當時還在生的翠姐。翠姐,患了末期肝癌,在通州街橋底露宿,儘管已經六十多歲,但仍希望為民主出一分力,堅持要我們推着坐輪椅的她參與「毅行爭普選」。翠姐說,以往的政治大事,都有意無意地將她拒於門外。她在街頭,活得像曱甴一樣……
At the OCLP deliberation day for the homeless, I came to know the late Chui. Chui was suffering from late-stage liver cancer and slept under the bridge on Tung Chau Street. Despite being in her sixties, she wanted to play her part for democracy, and insisted that we push her in her wheelchair to take part in the “Walk for universal suffrage.” Chui said, major political events in the past have either intentionally or unintentionally excluded her. She was living on the street, like a cockroach…
運動時的壓力,不僅來自政府威權,也來自群眾──早上你對強權大膽批判,博得民眾好感;很不幸,晚上回家時,你可能已經成為千夫所指的渣滓,因為中午你發表了一個不受歡迎的觀點。我不住提醒要有「獨立精神」:一,獨立於權威與商業;二,獨立於群眾;三,獨立於自己的榮辱。
The pressures during the movement did not only come from the government, but also from the crowd. In the morning you can boldly criticise the establishment and win the public’s affection. Unfortunately, when you return home at night you may have already become a derided scoundrel, just because you expressed an unpopular viewpoint at noon. I was always reminded to have an independent spirit: independent of those in power and big business, independent of the crowd, and independent of my own sense of honour and shame.
2014年12月中旬,政府清場。恐懼幾乎無處不在,社會上已找不到任何未被其染指的領域了。恐懼已成為最普遍的情緖,人們甚至透過它來觀察世界。不是說我沒有懼怕。只是不想自己就是這樣的怕下去。我不可以餵養自己的恐懼。
Mid-December 2014, the government cleared the streets. Fear was almost everywhere, and there was no uninfected space in society. Fear had already become the most common emotion, and people even used it to see the world. I’m not saying I was not afraid. I just didn’t want to continue being afraid. I could not feed my own fear.
我出選立法會,是要想非暴力抗爭未完。我要用行動告訴同路人,可以失望不可絕望;要出選,是要守住議會,用議席撐住社運;想出選,也要入議會守住左翼社會政策立場,倡議社會公義。我以「暗室點燈,絕處種花,突破樽頸,復興社工」作為競選口號並成功當選。
I ran for the Legislative Council because I wanted non-violent resistance to not be over. I needed to tell my companions that they can be disappointed but not lose hope. I ran for office to safeguard our council, to support the social movement with my seat. I ran for office to secure a left-wing viewpoint on social policies inside the legislature, and to promote social justice. I ran with the slogan of “Lighting a candle in a dark room, planting a flower at the end of the world, break free from the bottleneck, revive the social welfare sector” and I won.
過去兩年多的議會工作,諸般不順,百不稱心,雖然在「檢討院舍法例」、「整筆撥款津助制度檢討」、中學小學及幼稚園的「學校社工」、「新屋邨社工隊」、「檢討綜援」上有少許進展,但整體來說,議會工作的挫折感仍是不為外人道的。你問我做議會工作累不累?累也要站着。
In the past two years of working at the legislature, nothing has gone right and everything has been disheartening. There has been some minor progress in reviewing the law for residential care homes, the Lump Sum Grant Subvention Scheme, the school social work service, the social worker team for new housing estates, and reviewing the Comprehensive Social Security Assistance. But in general, the sense of frustration coming from my Legislative Council work is unspeakable. You ask if my work is tiring or not? Even if I am tired I have to stand.
此刻,我跟八位正派的人一起佇立面對審判。這些正派的人,無論大時代如何變遷動盪,也不管社會怎樣信仰破產、人慾橫流,在他們眉宇間都是堂堂正正、自尊自重、慎言篤行、有耻且格的。
At this moment, I stand with eight righteous people to face judgment. These people – no matter how the times change, how society becomes spiritually bankrupt, dark desires running wild – will live righteously and with respect. They are cautious in their words and deeds and can tell right from wrong.
此刻,我也要向三子報告,你們給我的任務,今天我總算完成。由「十死士」,到「揪着三子褲頭的人」,到今天的同案,甚至同囚。這條苦路,跟你們一起行完。能夠行到盡頭,是我的榮幸。
At this moment, I want to report to the Occupy trio: I have completed the task you gave me. From the “ten martyrs,” to the “person holding up the pants of the Occupy trio,” to co-defendants today, and maybe even fellow inmates. I have walked this bitter road with you to the end, and it was my honour.
此刻,我想提醒生活在黑暗的人,不要習慣黑暗,也不要因為習慣而為黑暗辯解,甚至倒過來嘲笑那些尋找光明的人。
At this moment, I want to remind those who live in the dark to not get used to dark, not to defend darkness out of habit, and not to scoff at those who search for the light.
此刻,我要跟同行者分享,入獄不會是句號,也絕不應該是句號。在爭取公義的路上,今天的判決可以是逗號、分號,甚至是問號、感歎號,但肯定不是句號。
At this moment, I want to say to my companions, a jail sentence is not a full stop and should not be one. On the path to justice, today’s judgment can be a comma, a semi-colon, even a question mark or an exclamation mark – but definitely not a full stop.
此刻,我想警告威權政府,即使你們殺掉所有公鷄,也無法阻止晨曦的到來。
At this moment, I warn the authoritarian government: even if you kill all the roosters, you cannot stop the coming of the dawn.
justice輪椅 在 喬的英文筆記 Joe's English Learning Notes Facebook 的最讚貼文
【喬的回顧系列:促使/促進 & 阻止/限制】
喬今天要與各位同學回顧的這篇很重要。請同學一起來複習這篇,以便於明確表達兩個人事物的利益關係!
<超重要動詞!【促使/促進 & 阻止/限制】>
喬今天要分享的兩類動詞超級重要啊!要訴說一件事情的發展,有利因子以及不利因子,這些動詞都無疑重要!各位同學來熟悉今天的分享吧!
【促使/促進類動詞】
☛ facilitate (V.) 促使;促進;使便利
[to make possible or easier]
e.g. The new ramp will facilitate the entry of wheelchairs.
新的坡道將可方便輪椅進入
e.g. The current structure does not facilitate efficient work flow.
當前的體系不利於實施高效的工作流程
【補充】喬國中時常將此字與facilities 設施/設備(永恆複數)搞混(…掩面)
shopping facilities 購物設施
medical facilities 醫療設施
sports facilities 體育設施
☛ expedite (V.) 迅速完成; 促進; 加快
[to cause to be done more quickly; to hurry]
e.g. Something needs to be done to expedite the process.
需要採取措施以加快速度
☛ accelerate (V.) (使)加快; (使)增速; 促進; 提前; (促使)早日發生
[to happen or make something happen sooner or faster]
e.g. Inflation is like to accelerate this year, adding further upward pressure on interest rates.
今年通貨膨脹可能會加劇,迫使利率持續上升
e.g. They use special chemicals to accelerate the growth of crops.
他們使用特殊的化學品來刺激農作物生長
☛ advance (V.) (使)前進; 使進步; 使進展; 使發展; 促進
[to go or move something forward, or to develop or improve something]
e.g. Her study has considerably advanced the cause of equal rights.
她的研究極大地促進了權利平等運動的事業
e.g. He’s just trying to advance his own career.
他只是在努力發展自己的事業
【阻止/限制類動詞】
☛ restrict (V.) 限制; 限定; 妨礙
[to limit the movements or actions of someone, or to limit something and reduce its size or prevent it from increasing]
e.g. measures to restrict the sale of alcohol
限制酒類銷售的措施
e.g. The government has restricted freedom of movement into and out of the country.
政府已經限制出入境自由了
☛ restrain (V.) 阻止; 制止; 遏制
[to control the actions or behavior of someone by force, especially in order to stop them from doing something, or to limit the growth or force of something]
e.g. When he started fighting, it took four police officers to restrain him.
他要是出手打人,要四個員警才能把他制服
☛ constrain (V.) 限制; 約束; 束縛
[to control and limit something]
e.g. The country’s progress was constrained by a leader who refused to look forward.
國家領導人缺乏發展眼光限制了該國的進步
☛ inhibit (V.) 抑制; 約束
[to prevent someone from doing something, or to slow down a process or the growth of something]
e.g. Some workers were inhibited (from speaking) by the presence of their managers.
一些工人在他們的經理面前不敢講話
☛ curb (V.) 控制; 限制; 約束; 抑制
[to control or limit something that is not wanted]
e.g. The government should act to curb tax evasion.
政府應該採取行動抑制逃稅
☛ obstruct (V.) 阻礙; 妨礙; 阻止
[to try to stop something from happening or developing]
e.g. He got five years in prison for withholding evidence and obstructing the course of justice.
他因隱藏證據,妨礙司法而被判入獄五年
☛ stymie (V.) 妨礙; 阻止; 阻撓
[to prevent something from happening or someone from achieving a purpose]
e.g. In our search for evidence, we were stymied by the absence of any recent documents.
缺乏近期的檔案為我們造成障礙
☛ hinder (V.) 阻礙; 妨礙
[to limit the ability of someone to do something, or to limit the development of something]
e.g. High winds have hindered firefighters in their efforts to put out the blaze.
強風妨礙了消防隊員撲滅大火
e.g. Her progress certainly has not been hindered by her lack of experience.
經驗不足當然沒有妨礙她的進步
☛ impede (V.) 妨礙; 阻礙; 阻止
[to slow down or cause problems for the achievement or finishing of something]
e.g. Although he is shy, it certainly has not impeded his career in any way.
儘管他很害羞,但這顯然一點也沒有妨礙他的事業
(以上字典參考 dictionary.cambridge.org | google.com )