Reinventing Workers for the Post-COVID Economy

The nation’s economic recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic will hinge ( ) to some extent ( ) on how quickly show managers can become electricians ( ), whether taxi drivers can become plumbers ( ), and how many cooks can manage software for a bank.

This is likely to prove especially problematic for millions of low-paid workers in service industries like retailing ( ), hospitality ( ), building maintenance and transportation, which may be permanently impaired ( ) or fundamentally transformed. What will janitors ( ) do if fewer people work in offices? What will waiters do if the urban restaurant ecosystem never recovers its density ( )?

Their prognosis ( ) is bleak ( ). Marcela Escobari, an economist at the Brookings Institution, warns that even if the economy adds jobs as the coronavirus risk fades ( ), “the rebound won’t help the people that have been hurt the most.”

Looking back over 16 years of data, Escobari finds that workers in the occupations ( ) most heavily hit since the spring will have a difficult time reinventing themselves. Taxi drivers, dancers and front-desk clerks have poor track records moving to jobs as, say, registered nurses, pipe layers or instrumentation technicians.

COVID is abruptly ( ) taking out a swath ( ) of jobs that were thought to be comparatively ( ) resilient ( ), in services that require personal contact with customers. And the jolt ( ) has landed squarely on workers with little or no education beyond high school, toiling ( ) in the low-wage service economy.

“The damage to the economy and particularly to workers will probably be longer lasting than we think it is going to be,” said Peter Beard, senior vice president at the Greater Houston Partnership, an economic development group.

What’s more, he said, COVID will intensify underlying ( ) dynamics ( ) that were already transforming ( ) the workplace. Automation ( ), for one, will most likely accelerate ( ) as employers seek to protect their businesses from future pandemics

The challenge is not insurmountable ( ). Yet despite scattered ( ) success stories, moving millions of workers into new occupations remains an enormous ( ) challenge.

“We need a New Deal ( ) for skills,” said Amit Sevak, president of Revature, a company that hires workers, trains them to use digital tools and helps place them in jobs. “President Roosevelt deployed ( ) the massive number of workers unemployed in the Great Depression on projects that created many of the dams ( ) and roads and bridges we have. We need something like that.”

勞工轉型以因應後疫情時代經濟

美國經濟能否從新型冠狀病毒影響下復甦，將在一定程度上取決於表演經理們要多久才能變成電工，計程車司機能否化身為水管工，以及有多少廚師能替銀行管理軟體。

這對零售業、餐旅業、建築維修和運輸業等服務業數百萬低薪工人來說，問題恐怕特別大。這些行業可能受到永久性損害或發生根本性改變。若辦公室裡人變少了，工友要做什麼呢？若都市餐廳生態系統繁盛不再，服務生又該如何？

他們的前景是黯淡的。布魯金斯學會經濟學家Marcela Escobari警告說，即使就業機會隨新型冠狀病毒疫情風險消退而增加，「經濟反彈也幫不了那些受創最重的人」。

Escobari檢視16年來的數據發現，今春以來受衝擊最大的一些職業，勞工將很難自我改造。計程車司機、舞者和櫃檯人員轉行從事護理師、舖管工或儀器技工等工作者十分有限。

新型冠狀病毒突然帶走了一大批原本被認為較不容易永久消失的工作，即需與客戶面對面接觸的服務工作。這一衝擊直接打擊到那些僅受過高中教育、在低薪服務經濟區塊中掙扎的勞工。

經濟發展組織大休士頓商會資深副總裁Peter Beard表示：「經濟、尤其是勞工們受害的時間，可能比我們預期的還要更長。」

他說，更重要的是，新型冠狀病毒疫情將強化已經在改變職場的潛在動力，自動化即為一例，由於雇主力求讓自己的企業未來不受大疫情影響，自動化極可能加速。

這項挑戰並非不能克服。然而，儘管有少數成功的例子，讓數百萬勞工轉業仍是巨大的挑戰。

雇用勞工後培訓他們使用數位工具，並幫他們找到工作的Revature公司總裁Amit Sevak說：「我們需要一項針對職業技能的新政。小羅斯福總統大蕭條時期把大量失業勞工投入工程計畫，興建了我們現在使用的水壩、道路與橋樑。我們需要這樣的東西。」

#高雄人 #學習英文 請找 #多益達人林立英文
#高中英文 #成人英文
#多益家教班 #商用英文
#國立大學外國語文學系講師

2002年，我拍了人生中第一個廣告。我放棄醫學院，決定當模特兒，結果我馬上爆紅，我爸爸媽媽很為我驕傲，哈哈！開玩笑的啦！故事其實不是這樣的。我放棄醫學院搬來台灣可能是我做過最瘋狂的事之一。當醫生一直以來都是我很有興趣的工作，這不只是一個父母希望我做的職業而已。我全身心地投入上課、實習、學習我未來要做的無國界醫生的工作。
2002: I got my first commercial. I gave up medical school to become a model. I become an overnight success and my parents were so proud of me. NOT! Quitting medical school to move to Taiwan was probably one of the craziest and riskiest things I’ve done in my life. Medicine was always something I personally loved, and not just a professional my parents pushed me towards. I put my heart and soul into getting into medical school and I wanted to travel the world with Medicine San Frontiers.

但是，拍完廣告之後，我很想很想嘗試這個新的”模特兒”工作，不知道為什麼，因為是新的嗎？還是我想要挑戰自己呢？或是想要多待在亞洲旅遊呢？
But I had this nagging itch to try out this whole modeling thing - don’t know what it was. The excitement of something new? The challenge of a different industry altogether? The desire to travel in Asia a bit longer?

最後，我決定放棄醫學院，因為我覺得像這種比較穩定的行業如果我想回去的話都還會在。但”模特兒”這個比較不穩定、特別，而且比較適合年輕時候試試看的行業，如果要做就要趁現在。
Finally, I decided, a career in medicine will still be there in a few years if I wanted it. But this opportunity to try modeling was probably something I should do younger rather than older.

所以，我全心全意跳進去！寄我的”拒絕信”給醫學院(哈哈哈哈哈哈！我的天啊！好難得是我可以”拒絕”，而不是”被拒絕”)。我搬來台灣，開始我的模特兒挑戰之路。我不能說是模特兒事業啦，因為老實說，其實不是那麼順利，也沒有固定的薪水或是工作機會。我為了生活也同時接了很多其他的兼差，像是教英文、當保母、加入小提琴團隊，也繼續在救護團隊工作。
這裡送給你們看看我那時候的樣子，我的天啊！好多不同look喔！那個化妝-Oh My God!
So, i took a leap of faith and sent in my rejection letter (Haha. take THAT medical school. I reject YOU!) and started doing various TV commercials and print ads in Taiwan. I wish I could have said it was a lucrative or even successful career as a model, but honestly, there were more days in between than actual jobs. I had to support myself with a lot of side jobs: teaching English, baby sitting, joining violin performing groups, continuing my work as an EMT, etc. Anyway, here’s just a few of the very VERY varied looks I had back then. The make up…. Holy moly….

Northwest's Salmon Population May Be Running Out of Time

A Washington state report put it bluntly ( ): Because of the devastating ( ) effects of climate change and deteriorating ( ) habitats ( ), several species of salmon in the Pacific Northwest are “on the brink of ( ) extinction ( ).”

Of the 14 species of salmon and steelhead trout in Washington state that have been deemed ( ) endangered ( ) and are protected under the Endangered Species Act, 10 are lagging ( ) recovery goals, and five are considered “in crisis,” according to the 2020 State of Salmon in Watersheds report.

“Time is running out,” said the report, which is produced every other year ( ) by the Washington state Recreation and Conservation Office. “The climate is changing, rivers are warming, habitat is diminishing ( ), and the natural systems that support salmon in the Pacific Northwest need help now more than ever.”

Researchers say recovery efforts — involving state and federal agencies, Native American tribes, local conservation groups and others — have helped slow the decline of some salmon populations. The report found that two species — the Hood Canal summer chum and Snake River fall chinook — were approaching ( ) their recovery goals. It also noted that no new salmon species had been added to the endangered list since 2007.

“We are at least treading water,” said Kaleen Cottingham, director of the Washington state Recreation and Conservation Office. “We have not, however, seen the kind of progress ( ) that we had hoped for.”

With the effects of climate change expected to accelerate ( ), researchers said that more must be done to prevent further population decline and the possible extinction of some species.

Salmon play a vital ( ) role in the environment, economy and culture of the Pacific Northwest. At least 138 species depend on salmon for their food in some way. Salmon support an estimated ( ) 16,000 jobs in the fishing industry, and they are a draw ( ) for tourists.

Before the 20th century, an estimated 10 million to 16 million adult salmon and steelhead trout returned annually to the Columbia River system. The current return of wild fish is 2% of that.
One of the largest factors inhibiting salmon recovery is habitat loss. A growing human population has led to development along the shoreline and the addition of bulkheads, or sea walls, that encroach ( ) on beaches where salmon generally find insects and other food. More pavement ( ) and hard surfaces have contributed to an increase in toxic stormwater runoff ( ) that pollutes Puget Sound.

美國西北部鮭魚 陷瀕臨絕種危機

華盛頓州一篇報告直截了當指出，由於氣候變遷跟棲地劣化的毀滅性影響， 美國西北部有數種鮭魚「瀕臨滅絕」。

根據《2020年水域內鮭魚狀況報告》，華盛頓州有14種鮭魚和虹鱒被認定為瀕危物種，並受到《瀕危物種法》保護，其中10種復育進度未能達標，有5種更被認定「處於危機之中」。

這份由華盛頓州休閒與保育辦公室兩年發表一次的報告說：「時間不多了。氣候正在改變，河流水溫正在升高，棲地正在減少，供養美國西北部鮭魚生存的自然系統，如今比以往任何時候都更需要幫助。」

研究人員說，由州與聯邦機構、美國原住民部落、地方保育組織和其他機構共同參與的復育行動，緩和了一些鮭魚數量的減少。報告中發現胡德運河夏天的鉤吻鮭與蛇河秋天的帝王鮭兩種鮭魚，復育正接近目標。報告還指出，自2007年以來沒有新的鮭魚種列入瀕危名單。

華盛頓州休閒與保育辦公室主任Kaleen Cottingham說：「我們至少勉強穩住了情況，但我們沒有看到我們所期望的進展。」

研究人員表示，氣候變遷的影響料將加速，必須更加努力以防止鮭魚數量進一步減少和一些魚種的滅絕。

鮭魚在美國西北部環境、經濟與文化中扮演至關重要角色。在某種程度上，至少有138個物種以鮭魚為食。鮭魚為漁業提供約1萬6千個工作，並吸引大量遊客。

20世紀以前，估計每年有1000萬到1600萬成年鮭魚和虹鱒回到哥倫比亞河水系。目前返回的野生鮭魚數量只有這個數字的2％。
阻礙鮭魚復育的最大原因之一為棲地喪失，不斷成長的人口導致海岸沿線的開發，加上隔板或海堤的增加，這些侵占了鮭魚平常尋找昆蟲及其他食物的海灘。更多的鋪裝路面和堅硬的地面導致有毒雨水流量的增加，進而汙染了普吉特海灣。

#高雄人 #學習英文 請找 #多益達人林立英文
#高中英文 #成人英文
#多益家教班 #商用英文
#國立大學外國語文學系講師

“Connecting the Dots” - Steve Jobs - 在香港感覺是很難做到的事情，畢竟我們從讀書時期，所有 “out-syl"（不在課程或考試大綱中的學習內容）或者非考試技巧類的知識，往往不會受到我們的重視；我自己也是抱著這樣的心態，可是回顧過去做的事情，有時候令我成功的，往往就是一些「不經意」的事件；趁出門前，一邊拍Get Ready With Me（新嘗試哈哈，鼓起了很大的勇氣才敢不用filter和素顏示人），一邊和大家聊聊這個話題～
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【HKDSE/IELTS所有課程第一章節免費試讀/ 下載筆記】
HKDSE線上補習平台（免費試讀）：https://www.mteducationhk.com/free_resources/
IELTS英文線上補習平台（免費試讀）：https://www.mteducationielts.com/free_resources/
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Melody Tam資歷：
- HKDSE 7科5**狀元，包括中英文科均4卷5**，選修科 (Biology, Chemistry, Economics) 分數大幅度拋離5**的最低要求
- 17歲時第一次應考雅思 (IELTS) 便取得滿分9分成績
- 一級榮譽畢業於香港中文大學修讀環球商業學 (Global Business)，總GPA達3.9/4.0，曾獲得多個獎學金及入選院長嘉許名單
- 曾於多家金融機構及投資銀行實習，尚未畢業已獲大型美資投行聘請為全職投資銀行分析師 (Investment Banking Analyst)
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【you can't connect the dots looking forward; you can only connect them looking backwards. 】
先を見通して点をつなぐことはできない。振り返ってつなぐことしかできない。だから将来何らかの形で点がつながると信じることだ。
スティーブ・ジョブズ（Steve Jobs）
引用：2005年 スタンフォード大学卒業式スピーチ

0:00 Lesson start
0:18 格言（音声）
0:31 lookの発音と５つの意味
1:47 lookの例文
4:29 ちぐさなりの人生論
8:42 みんなに唱えて欲しいフレーズ


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YOYO點點名S20最新完整版►►https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLo_HY74ov2N3wKcH5xqC3XnpugGR6mDLI
經典金曲：YOYO Colorful Jobs 洗手歌 Bugs 綜合歌
哥哥姐姐：香蕉哥哥 天竺鼠姐姐 KIWI姐姐 浣熊哥哥 柳丁哥哥 番茄姐姐 西瓜哥哥 太陽哥哥 月亮姐姐 羚羊哥哥 草莓姐姐
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畫畫魔法：滑板Skateboard
YOYOMAN小學堂：Jobs Bugs

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★★寶貝學習推薦★★
YOYO熱門唱跳專區
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YOYO好好玩
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