【國立臺灣大學 109學年度畢業典禮 貴賓致詞】
Commencement Address, National Taiwan University Commencement 2021

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巨大集團 羅祥安前執行長
Giant Group Former CEO Anthony Lo

管校長，羅副校長，各位貴賓，畢業生的家長跟朋友們，還有今天最重要的2021年臺大的畢業生，大家早安、大家好！

首先恭喜你們，今天從全世界最優秀大學之一的臺灣大學畢業了！
在過去幾年，在管校長，以「大學教改」和「國際化」的理念，率領全體師生的努力之下，臺大在全世界的能見度，和各項排名，都有顯著的進步，也讓身為校友的我們倍感光榮。

是不是我們大家一起鼓掌，給自己鼓勵一下好不好！

你們今天剛剛畢業，但是你們已經創造了臺大一項新的紀錄：第一次，沒有傳統畢業典禮的畢業生。這將是你們人生一個非常特別的回憶，也預表了你們未來將會有與眾不同的表現，和非凡的成就。

現在的世界，局勢是在東方跟西方的勢力，彼此對抗而動盪不安。而全世界的經濟活動，也因為科技的突破性創新，而受到很大的影響。不盡理想的、不盡公平的全球化，也將逐漸地變成 全球在地化。而COVID-19肆虐全球的結果，使得臺灣跟全世界，大家的生活型態、社會的結構、經濟活動的節奏都被打亂了，而必須要加以全面的整理跟重新的架構。這當然是一個危機，但是更是一個絕好的機會。所以，將你們迎面而來的，是無數的創新的機會，以及冒險卻令人興奮的全新挑戰。

因為臺灣，這是第一次跟全世界各個國家，同步的站在一個嶄新的共同起跑點上面。所以我要恭喜你們，你們躬逢其會，將要進入一個充滿希望、嶄新的時代。

我是1969年從臺大畢業的，所以我想今天就以我畢業之後的50多年，人生的一些學習和體會，來跟諸位分享，給諸位作個參考。

當我大學畢業的時候，我滿懷抱負，迫不及待地想要大展身手，我當時進入臺灣最大的貿易公司工作，但是我發現我所學的很多東西，只有一些國際貿易的實務跟英文有用，至於其他我所學習到的經營管理的很多知識，恐怕都要等到10年、20年之後，如果我有幸當上高級主管才能派上用場。

更諷刺的是，我是商學系畢業的，但是工作兩年後，我發現我真的不喜歡做商人，我也不喜歡做生意，我有興趣的是做事業。

後來，幸好我有聆聽我心裡面的微弱的聲音，決定踏進自行車業，放棄掉台北最好的貿易公司的金飯碗，而去參加在大甲一個只有38個人的小公司，來追求我的夢想。

那時候許多人認為我腦筋有問題，頭殼壞去，但現在回顧回來，我當時是做了人生一個非常好的決定。

創業的過程飽受艱辛，但是我也學到了很多寶貴的經驗：我首先學到的，是在做事之前，必須要先學做人。

人必須要誠信踏實，不能自私自利，而要利他共好。

要隨時心存感恩，尊重、關切別人。要熱愛這個世界，並且要了解到一個人的能力是有限的，而必須要去建立互信、互助的人際關係；要融入群體、要發揮團隊的精神。

在做事方面，一定要以正面積極的態度，認真努力去工作。 而且不要怕失敗，要勇於接受新的挑戰。因為如果有失敗了，那只是代表說你又更靠近成功一步了。要作中學，學中作，要虛心好奇的終身學習，開拓挑戰、追求卓越。

在這裡，我想要送給大家一個很特別的畢業禮物，就是兩個「成功的錦囊」。
第一個錦囊：不管你做什麼工作，不論你職務的高低，永遠都要站在顧客的立場，來為他們設想，還能做什麼，讓他們能夠得到更多的創新價值。

第二個錦囊：無論作什麼工作，不管你職務的高低，永遠都要站在經營者的角度來為公司設想，要做什麼，才能讓公司更健康，永續經營跟發展。

既使你們把我後面講的很多東西都忘記了，沒關係，但是這個畢業禮物你們一定要記得帶回去，因為這些「同理心」的兩個錦囊，在未來會給你們帶來意想不到的祝福！

其次我體會到，名跟利都是副產品。正產品是你成為什麼樣的人，成就什麼樣的事。當正產品是對的時候，名跟利都自然會來。

所以我鼓勵大家在找工作的時候，不要太計較開始的薪水和待遇。因為事實上，一個新人，在前面三年是很難有大的貢獻的，反過來只是公司發薪水來給你培訓而已。所以選擇一個有意義的行業，找一家你可以學習進步的好公司，這才是重要的。

第三，我學習到 知識不等於智慧。諸位都學有專精，有很多寶貴的知識，但這些知識必須要實際去做才能夠產生經驗，而累積的時候會有不同經驗的反省、學習、跟體會，尤其是從那些失敗的經 驗，才能夠漸漸地凝結成有用的智慧。
我的成長過程分成三段，開始我是一個「I」型的人，我擁有一些經營管理的基本的能力。後來因為工作的需要和我的好奇心，我漸漸地學習到技術開發、製造生產、品牌推廣、全球經營、以及行銷、服務等等寶貴的經驗，這樣漸漸地，我就形成一個「T」型的一個跨界的人才。但是到了我真正找到公司未來的使命跟方向，並且把它跟我的人生目標結合在一起，熱情的、積極去推動的時候，那時候我終於成為一個「十字架」型的一個領導者。

當公司發展得比較穩定之後，我就面臨要如何來替公司規劃願景、使命、定位，跟長期策略。在這個階段，我有一些新的體會：首先，你必須要能夠畫出一個「黃金正三角形」，正三角形是最穩定的，上面是戰略，中間是戰術，下面是戰鬥。先要有正確的戰略，才能衍伸出有效的戰術，再根據這個戰術去貫徹戰鬥的執行。換言之，戰略就是做對的事情，戰術就是對的方法，戰鬥就是用對的方法去把事情做對做好，並且不斷地去持續改善。

想要能夠思考出長期的戰略，就必須要有洞察力。

我很喜歡看地球儀，就是那種在一個架子上面，有一個可以轉動的地球模型。當你把地球轉動的時候，你看到上面每一個地方、每一個國家，它的地理位置、它的自然生態，以及你思考它的歷史的演變跟它的發展，這樣子你就能夠得出一個整體的，跟全方位的一個概念。

在思考長期戰略的時候，很不容易得出一個有突破性的一個創見，它的原因往往是因為「當局者迷」的關係。

所以當我考慮長期戰略的時候，我會把自己設想，好像從一個人造衛星上面，來觀看一個轉動的地球。以宇宙格局的高度，以全球視野的廣度，以歷史演進的長度，這樣子你就能夠以一個「旁觀者清」的姿態和角度，來正面、反面深入思考，這樣子你就可能得到一個突破性的一個解答。「世界的捷安特」跟「全球在地化」的品牌經營—這樣子的策略、願景就是這樣產生的。

另外一種洞察力，是如何推出給人們有創新價值的產品跟服務。這就要時時地站在人文跟科技的十字路口，仔細觀察它們的變化，然後活用科技的進步，為人文潛在的需求，適時地提供最佳的解決方案。捷安特的Cycling世界，就是用這種方法，不斷的推出創新價值的產品。

我們在經營上也有發展出一個特別的理念，那就是「不求第一，要作惟一」。全世界的人這麼多，但沒有兩個人的指紋是一樣的， 所以每一個人都是獨一無二、都是惟一的。可見當上帝造每一個人的時候，祂都有衪特別的計劃，而且也把成功所需要的能力跟要素，已經放在你的心中，等待你取用。所以每一個人不應該只是模仿別人，或者是按照別人的期望來生活，而應該要找出並且發揮自己的天賦，真正做自己，成為惟一，才能夠活出精采的生命。

企業也是一樣，不能隨波逐流，必須要找出什麼才是對的，什麼是合適你的，什麼才是有意義、對這個世界有貢獻的，這個才是惟一。當你精益求精，努力的想要成為惟一的時侯，你才能夠找到真正正確的目標，以及永續生存的價值。如果事事都想為第一，那麼你可能去追求很多不切實際的目標，而被你無法承受的巨大壓力所摧毀。或者，因為不擇手段，最後走上一些錯誤的道路。
在長期追求惟一的過程當中，我也得到兩個重要的體會：當你決心做一件對的事情，而且不屈不撓，勇敢堅持奮鬥的時候，全宇宙的力量都會起來幫助你。另外，把一件有意義的事情，用生命的力量把它作好，你就有可能改變這個世界！

我鼓勵你們，聆聽你們內心深處的微小的聲音，讓它引導你們，去尋找到你們的天賦，了解你們的命定。

不求第一，要作惟一。做你真正的自己，成為惟一。活出你精彩的生命，享受你幸福的人生！

很多人說，生長在臺灣的人，一輩子裡面一定要完成三項挑戰：登玉山、泳渡日月潭、還有騎自行車環島。我覺得這非常有道理。所以我建議大家在畢業以後，在去當兵、就業之前，不妨參加一個自行車環島的旅行團，用九天的時間，仔細的去體會、欣賞寶島臺灣的美好，用自行車的輪胎去親吻，這塊生你長你的美麗大地，就當作是送給你自己的一個畢業禮物吧！

那教授們跟家長們，可能會想說，啊！太可惜了，我畢業的時候沒有騎自行車環島，我現在已經五六十歲了。沒關係，你這個年紀正好來從事人生的壯遊。
我們臺大的校長－管校長，在今年的一月份，就勇敢的完成他夢寐以求的自行車環島的壯遊。我們給管爺一個掌聲好不好？

有人認為臺灣很小、沒有前途，真的是這樣嗎？世界經濟論壇每年都要把全世界的國家的實力做一個調查跟排名。讓我們來看一下臺灣的排名。全世界有235個國家，就面積來講，我們排名第137；就人口來講，第57；就經濟體來講，第21；就整體競爭力來講，排名第11；而創新力，臺灣排名第4。沒錯，臺灣的確不大，但是我們很強，我們可以很有前途！

可預見的，未來的世界將會成為美、歐、亞三區鼎力的這個新局面。就像三個圓圈，各自都以自己的利益為優先，並且彼此長期的競爭、對抗和抵制，但是同時又不得不相互的維持一些必要的連結。而在每一個圈裡面，它將持續的有很多劇烈的改變，就像一個暴風圈一樣。而這三個暴風圈連結在一起，就形成一個所謂完全風暴PERFECT STORM。

最近經濟學人雜誌，把臺灣當作封面，稱臺灣為地球上最危險的地方，但同時又是科技業最關鍵的地方。我個人倒認為，未來臺灣可能是處在一個最有利的地位，就在那三個暴風圈中間的那個颱風眼，也就是這三個圈圈彼此連結交會的中心點。這個地方看起來好像危險，其實是最安全、最有利、又是最關鍵的地方。

當三個暴風圈無可避免的，參與在一個長期的競爭、對抗、跟抵制－這樣一個零和的賽局裡面。那臺灣並不屬於任何一個圈圈，也不需要去參與這些競爭、對抗跟抵制。而可以去想說，我可以在這個關鍵的中心點，替這個世界來提供什麼樣子的創新價值的貢獻。

臺灣過去50年的努力累積了很多技術開發、製造管理、金融資本，社會資源，以及民主法治體制，這些稀有而寶貴的實力。而且如果以全世界作為舞台，那麼，能夠精通中文跟英文、能夠深切的了解東方西方的文化；有專業，又能跨界，謙卑而不自卑，自信而不自大的臺灣人，可能是全世界最優秀的人才。

未來無法被預測，但是可以被創造！30年前，有誰能夠預測到說臺灣會產生世界級的台積電跟捷安特？

台積電秉持著作惟一的理念，以全球晶圓代工的戰略，厚植實力，打造了優質高效的供應鏈，把臺灣變成一個科技島。以臺灣為核心，轉動引領全世界的半導體市場。

捷安特也秉持著作惟一的理念，以世界的捷安特，全球在地化的品牌戰略，帶領A-Team把臺灣變成全世界高級車的中心，又積極的推動Cycling的新文化，把臺灣發展成一個自行車島，以臺灣為核心，轉動引領全世界自行車的市場。
在這裡我也期許我們臺大，也能夠以作惟一這樣子的理念，轉動引領世界，變成全世界最優秀人才培養的最佳搖籃。

未來的50年，臺灣將迎來前所未有最大的機運！所以臺灣是不是應該要脫離過去單純競爭的心態，而來積極的謀求長期的未來生存之道，或者更進一步要問自己：臺灣可以為世界貢獻些什麼？臺灣不應該只是消極的「根留臺灣」，而應該更主動積極的「放眼全球、立足亞太、深根臺灣」。

臺灣過去的50年，那是一個非常艱辛跟特別的階段。很慶幸的，臺灣在那個階段裡面，是屬於勝利的這一組。

現在是應該到了必須要了解過去、深入現在、策劃未來，這個重要關鍵的時刻。要如何的以宇宙格局的高度、以全球視野的廣度、以及歷史演進的長度，衡外情，量己力，來為臺灣重新的定位，重新畫一個正確的戰略、戰術、戰鬥的黃金三角形。讓臺灣能夠真正發揮自己的長處，能夠打造創新價值的優勢，成為惟一、做Only One！要能夠創造一個更安全、更廣闊、更興盛－全新的藍海。臺灣必須要成為世界的好公民，繼續的為全世界做更多、更好的貢獻！
2021的畢業生們，在你們當中有未來國家的領導人、有全球企業的創造者、有在社會各行各業、方方面面的核心人才，所以臺灣未來50年的未來，就掌握在你們手中了。

最後，我想用一位著名科學家的名言來作結尾： Life is like riding a bicycle. To keep your balance, you must keep moving. 人生就像騎自行車，要保持你平衡最好的方法，就是繼續不斷地向前進。

你知道這是誰的名言嗎？ 沒錯，就是愛因斯坦！

2021的畢業生們，請你騎上你人生的自行車，勇敢的向前邁進，去開創你獨一無二、精彩無比的新生命跟未來。再一次，恭喜你們，並且祝福你們每一位，將來都能夠有健康、幸福、精彩跟有意義的人生！
謝謝！

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President Kuan, Executive Vice President Luo, Distinguished guests, family, friends, and most importantly, the graduating class of 2021, good morning!

First of all, congratulations! Today, you are graduating from one of the best universities in the world – National Taiwan University!

Over the last few years, President Kuan led the university forward with his vision of “educational reform” and internationalization”. Together with all the faculty and students, NTU has made significant progress in both ranking and global visibility, making us, alumni, extremely proud.

I think we deserve to give ourselves a round of applause!

You are the graduating class of 2021 and already, you have set a new record for NTU: For the first time, there will not be a traditional graduation ceremony. Let this be a very special memory of your life and a sign of the difference you will make in your future with extraordinary achievements.

The world is now in a volatile state where the East and the West are confronting each other. The world’s economic activities are also greatly affected by the breakthrough and innovations in technology. The less-than-ideal and less-than fair globalization will gradually become global localization. And as a result of COVID-19, Taiwan and the rest of the world’s lifestyle, social structure, and economy have been disrupted, and must be comprehensively reorganized and restructured. This is certainly a crisis, but in the midst of every crisis, lies great opportunity. So, what lies before you are countless opportunities for innovation, and exciting new challenges.

Because, for the first time, Taiwan is standing with the rest of the world on a new race-track. Therefore, I would like to congratulate you, you are entering a new era full of hope.

I graduated from NTU in 1969. It has been more than 50 years and today, I would like to share some of my life experiences and insights.

When I graduated from college, I was filled with ambition. I couldn’t wait to make my mark. I joined one of the largest trading companies in Taiwan, where I quickly realized the only materials I learned in school that came in handy are a little bit of international trade practices and English. Much of what I had learned about business management would only be relevant 10 or 20 years down the road, if I was lucky enough to become a senior executive.

What’s even more ironic is that I graduated with a degree in business, but after working for 2 years, I realize I really don’t like being a businessman, and I don’t like doing business. What I am actually interested in is building an enterprise.

Fortunately, I chose to listen to the faint voice in my heart and decided to enter the bicycle industry. I left my position at the best trading company in Taipei to join a small company with only 38 employees in Dajia to pursue my dream.

At the time, many people thought I must’ve broken my skull and gone crazy, but looking back, I have made a great decision in my life.

The process of starting my own enterprise has been very difficult, but I have learned many valuable lessons. The first thing I learned is that before you can do anything else, you have to learn to be a person of good character.

We must be honest, down to earth, selfless, self-serving, and altruistic for the common good.

Be grateful, respectful and caring at all times. To love the world and to understand that one person’s ability is limited and that is necessary to build interpersonal relationships of mutual trust and support; to be part of a group and to play as a team.

When it comes to work, you must work hard with a positive attitude. And don’t be afraid to fail, be brave enough to accept new challenges. Because every time you fail, it just means you are one step closer to success. Learning is an active process. We learn by doing. We must stay open-minded and curious, aspiring to lifelong learning; to explore challenges and pursue excellence.

Here I would like to give everyone a special graduation gift, which are my two tips for success:
First, always put yourself in the customer’s shoes, regardless of what you’re doing or what kind of job title you hold. Think for them, think about what else you can do to create more value for the customers.

Second, regardless of what you’re doing or what kind of job title you hold, always think about the company from the proprietor’s point of view; what can we do to build a healthier company that’s sustainable.

Even if you are going to forget everything I say later, that’ ok. Just remember to take your graduation gift at heart, because these two tips on “empathy “are sure to bring you unexpected blessings in the future!

Later on, I realized that fame and money are merely byproducts. The real product is you, what kind of person you have become and what have you achieved. When the real product is identified, fame and money will come naturally.

So I encourage you, when you look for a job, don’t be too concerned about the starting salary and benefits. Because as a matter of fact, as a newcomer, it is very difficult to make a big contribution in the first three years, so really the company is paying to give you training instead. So choose a meaningful industry and find a good company where you can improve and grow, that’s what’s important.

Thirdly, I learned that knowledge is not the same as wisdom. All of you have learned a lot and have a lot of valuable knowledge, but this knowledge must be practiced in order to produce experience, and in the process of accumulation, there will be different experiences of reflection, learning and empathy, especially from failure, slowly and surely all these experiences will be condensed into useful wisdom.

My personal development can be divided into three stages. I began as a I-shaped person with some basic skills in business management. Later on, due to my job and curiosity, I gained respected experience in technology development, manufacturing, branding, global marketing, and service and thus gradually becoming a T-shape multidisciplinary professional.

However, when I combined the future mission and direction of the company with my life goals, promoting it enthusiastically and actively, that is when I finally became a X-shape transdisciplinary leader.

Once the company became more stable, I was faced with the challenge of planning the vision, mission, positioning, and long-term strategy for the company. At this stage, I had some new insights.

First, you must be able to draw a “golden triangle”, an equilateral triangle is the most stable shape with strategy on top, tactics in the middle, and operations at the bottom. In other words, the strategy is to do the right thing, the tactics is the using the right methods, and operations is using the right methods to excel on doing the right things while constantly improving them.

To develop long-term strategies, it is necessary to have insight.

I enjoy looking at the globe, yes, the spherical model of Earth that sits on a stand and can be rotated. When you rotate the globe, you can see every place and country on it, its geographical location, its natural ecology, and you can think about its historical evolution and development, so that you can come up with an overall comprehensive concept.

When thinking about long-term strategy, it is not easy to come up with a groundbreaking idea, because “men are often blind in their own cause”

Therefore, when I think about long-term strategy, I imagine myself as if I were looking at a rotating Earth from a man-made satellite. With the height of the universe, the breadth of global vision and the length of historical evolution, you will be able think about it from the perspective of an observer, and then you may have a breakthrough. This is how the strategy and vision of “GIANT for the World” and “glocalization” brand management came about.

Another kind of insight is how to introduce the products and services to create additional value to people. This requires standing at the crossroads of humanity and technology, observing their changes carefully, and then using technological advances to provide the best solutions for the potential needs of humanity in a timely manner. This is how GIANT’s Cycling World continues to introduce innovative values to its products.

We have also developed a special philosophy in our business, which is “don’t be the first one, be the only one”. There are so many people in the world, but no two people share the same fingerprints, making each person unique and one of a kind. God created each person with purpose and has gifted us with the abilities and elements needed for success. All of which is in your heart, waiting for you to take them. Therefore, we should not just follow each other’s footstep or live under the expectations of someone else. Instead, we should find and give reigns to our talents, to truly be ourselves, to become the only one and live a brilliant life.

The same applies to businesses, you can’t just go with the flow, we must find what is right and suitable and what is meaningful and contributive to the world, this is what it means to be the only one. When you strive for excellence and strive to be the only one, you will find the right goals and the value of sustainability. If you try to be first in everything, you may pursue many unrealistic goals and either be destroyed by unbearable pressure or resort to doing whatever it takes, and end up on the wrong path.

I have learned two important lessons in my long quest to be the “only one”. When you are determined to do the right thing and you are unyielding and persistent in your struggle, the power of the universe will rise up and help you. In addition, if you do something meaningful and do it well with the power of life, you may change the world.

I urge you to listen to the small voice deep within you and let it guide you to find your talents and understand your destiny.

Do not seek to be the first but to be the only. Be true to yourself and be the only one. Live your life to the fullest and enjoy your life to the fullest!

Many people say that growing up in Taiwan, you must complete three challenges in your lifetime: climb to the top of Jade Mountain, swim across Sun Moon Lake, and ride a bike around the island. I think this is very true. Therefore, I suggest that after graduation, before you go to the military or get a job, you might as well join a bicycle tour around the island and spend nine days to carefully experience and appreciate the beauty of Taiwan. As a graduation gift to yourself, let the tires kiss the beautiful land where you were born and raised.

All the professors and parents must be thinking in regret, “Ah! Too bad! I didn’t ride my bike around the island when I graduated and now I’m already in my 50s and 60s…” But that’s okay! You are actually at the perfect age to start your adventurous life.

Our President of NTU, President Kuan bravely completed his dream bike tour around the island in January this year. Let’s give President Kuan a round of applause!

Some people think that Taiwan is small and has no future. Every year, the World Economic Forum conducts a survey and ranking of the strength of countries around the world. Let’s take a look at Taiwan’s ranking. There are 235 countries in the world and we rank 137th in terms of landmass, 57th in terms of population, 21st in terms of economy, 11th in terms of overall competitiveness, and 4th in terms of innovation. It’s true that Taiwan is not big, but we are strong and we have a promising future.

In the foreseeable future there will become a new situation in which the United States, Europe and Asia will be the three focal regions. Just like three circles, each of which prioritizes its own interests and is in long-term competition, confrontation and resistance, but at the same time has to maintain some necessary links with each other. And in each circle, drastic changes will be endless, just like a storm circle. These three storm circles are linked together to form a so-called PERFECT STORM.

The Economist magazine recently featured Taiwan on its cover, calling it the most dangerous place on earth, but at the same time the most critical place for the technology industry. Personally, I think that Taiwan may be in the most favorable position in the future, right in the middle of the three storm circles, the eye of the typhoon, which is the center point where these three circles are connected. This place seems dangerous, but in fact it is the safest, most favorable, and most critical place.

When the three storm circles are inevitably involved in a long-term competition, confrontation, and boycott - a zero-sum game. Taiwan does not belong to any of these circles, nor does it need to participate in these competitions, confrontations, and boycotts. Instead, situated in this critical position, I should begin to think about what kind of innovative value I can provide to the world.

Taiwan's efforts over the past 50 years have accumulated many rare and valuable strengths in technology development, manufacturing management, financial capital, social resources, and the democratic rule of law system. If the world is our stage, Taiwanese people who are proficient in Chinese and English, who have a deep understanding of Eastern and Western cultures, who are professional, who can cross borders, who are humble but not inferior, and who are confident but not arrogant, may be the best talents in the world.

The future cannot be predicted, but it can be created! 30 years ago, who could have predicted that Taiwan would produce globally renowned TSMC and GIANT?
TSMC is committed to the concept of being the only one, and has built up its strengths with its global foundry strategy, creating a high-quality and efficient supply chain and turning Taiwan into a technology island. With Taiwan as the core, TSMC is leading the worldwide semiconductor market.

GIANT also upholds the concept of "Be the only one" and leads the A-Team to turn Taiwan into the center of the world's premium bikes with the brand strategy of globalization and localization, and actively promotes the new culture of cycling, developing Taiwan into a cycling island and leading the world's cycling market with Taiwan as the core.

Here I also hope that we, NTU, can also lead the world with the concept of being the only one, and become the best cradle for the cultivation of the best talents in the world.

In the next 50 years, Taiwan will have the greatest opportunity ever! Therefore, Taiwan should get rid of the simple competitive mentality of the past and actively seek the long-term survival of the future, or go even further and ask itself: What can Taiwan contribute to the world? Taiwan should not just "secure Taiwan" in a conservative way, but should be more proactive with global outlook and establish a foothold in the Asia Pacific.

The last 50 years, for Taiwan, has been very difficult and significant. Fortunately, Taiwan pulled through and came out as one of the winners.

Now is the crucial moment to understand the past, delve into the present, and plan for the future. We must take the height of the universe, the breadth of our global vision, and the length of historical evolution, weigh the external situation, and measure our own strengths to reposition Taiwan and draw the golden triangle of strategy, tactics, and operations. Taiwan should be able to give full play to its strengths, create innovative value, and become the only one! Taiwan must become a good citizen of the world and continue to make more and better contributions to the world!

Graduates of 2021, among you are the future leaders of the country, the creators of global enterprises, and the core talents in all walks of life, the future is in your hands.
Finally, I would like to conclude with a quote from a famous scientist: Life is like riding a bicycle. To keep your balance, you must keep moving.

Do you know who this quote belongs to? That's right, Einstein!

Graduates of 2021, please get ready for your life adventure, get on your bikes and peddle courageously forward to create your own unique and exciting future. Again, congratulations and best wishes to each and every one of you for a healthy, happy, and meaningful life!

Thank you!

詳見：
https://www.facebook.com/NTUCommencement/posts/2718162161807541

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#臺灣大學 #畢業典禮 #NTUCommencement2021 #貴賓致詞 #羅祥安

(✪‿✪)ノ排程中晝發文 #國際法法理建國 Q&A

Q96: 有人主張中華民國1949年底滅國了，這樣的說法正確嗎

A96:

主張1949中華民國滅國？是指流亡滅國然後又建國，建了不知道什麼的東西？

1949年台澎領土主權還是屬於日本的喔！國際法規定國與國之間戰爭的結束是要簽訂「和平條約」，因此日本投降後停戰了，進入戰勝盟軍的盟佔時期，最終在《舊金山和約》48個國家與日本簽訂決議處理戰後責任歸屬。台澎領土在《舊金山和約》生效就是領土主權歸屬未定。若沒簽約到《舊金山和約》的國家可與日本簽訂子約，其條件不能優於母約（舊金山和約）。

那這裡就有個問題了，如果1949年的中華民國是另一個國家，不是中國，這代表這個國家從來沒有對日宣戰，也沒跟日本打過仗，那是要簽什麼鬼和約？

沒有承認中華民國是中國代表，那是要簽什麼《中日和約》？日本跟什麼國簽條約？

不要跟我說日本跟台灣國簽約喔，去把原文中日和約仔細看，基本英文能力不用太好，也看得懂。

如果跟日本簽《中日和約》的那個東西不是中國，而且還是1949之後才出現的國家，那1941年以前中國跟日本簽的條約關它屁事？幹嘛在《中日和約》第４條扯到這些？

最後，中華民國是中國流亡政權，1912年建立政權不是建國👉🏻https://www.facebook.com/media/set/?vanity=rotpnetwork&set=a.2763561250403580

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以下補充一下《中日和約》⚠️文長可略

中日和約（Treaty of Peace between Japan and the Republic of China）
（🔗 https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Treaty_of_Peace_between_Japan_and_the_Republic_of_China）

先從《舊金山和約》開始談起，第 26 條：”...... Should Japan make a peace settlement or war claims settlement with any State granting that State greater advantages than those provided by the present Treaty, those same advantages shall be extended to the parties to the present Treaty.” 意即：如果日本跟沒簽《舊金山和約》的盟國成員簽約，條件優於《舊金山和約》的話，其他盟國成員全都可以一體適用。

因此，沒簽署到《舊金山和約》的中國（中華民國政權），與日本在1952年4月28日簽署《中日和約》，此約於 1952年8月5日生效。

《中日和約》是《舊金山和約》的子約，子約效力無法超越母約，母約沒把「台澎領土主權」移轉給任何國家，子約也辦不到。換句話說，若條件更優渥，則同盟國成員皆可享受其條件。所以，如果日本真的有辦法依照《中日和約》將台澎領土主權移轉給中國（中華民國政權）的話，那依照《舊金山和約》第 26 條的規定，台澎領土主權現在會變成45個最終批准和約國家共有喔！

中華民國政權作為當時的中國代表，若想透過子約《中日和約》得到台澎領土主權是不可能的，因為《舊金山和約》對台澎處置就是主權歸屬未定。

再來，實際上沒簽約到《舊金山和約》的中國代表ROC，與日本簽訂《中日和約》，當時就是承認接受《舊金山和約》的安排，台澎主權歸屬未定的事實，表示中國代表ROC也同意《開羅宣言》中「臺澎主權歸屬」的部分要依《舊金山和約》處理。

這就表示中英美三國都同意以《舊金山和約》的規定取代《開羅宣言》中關於台澎領土主權的約定，台澎領土主權自然應依《舊金山和約》的規定來認定，也就是處於「未定」的狀態。

以下舉例大家比較有疑慮的部分：
《中日和約》第4條：”It is recognized that all treaties, conventions and agreements concluded before December 9, 1941, between Japan and China have become null and void as a consequence of the war.”
有人主張因為第4條之前簽約的馬關條約就失效，正確應該來說是停止這個條約的狀態。但領土主權不會透過，你停止了這個狀態以後就會達到領土主權移轉的效果。國際法不存在割讓條約終止後，自動回復給原本領土主權國的狀態，因為割讓條約是已經完成的事情，條約只剩下法律的形式而已。更何況大清帝國對台澎領土主權的掌控實際上只有西半部而已。

領土主權移轉必須簽訂另一個條約；馬關條約失效回歸到原本的狀態，這是不對的，舉個例子：「A國 跟 B 國打仗，A 國輸，A 國把甲地割讓給 B國；B 國跟 C 國打仗，B 國輸，B 國把甲地再割讓給 C國；後來A 國又跟 B 國打仗，這次A國反敗為勝打贏了。雙方將之前割讓甲地給 B 國的條約廢除。如果廢除割讓領土主權的條約會讓領土主權回歸原位，那甲地領土主權會回歸 A 國嗎？但明明領土在 C 國手上，是要如何回到 A國呢？難道 A 國、B 國或聯合AB國要再去跟 C 國打一場，而且還要打贏才能把甲地搶回來？這樣戰爭永遠打不完了。
所以，依照法律的安定性原則，廢除條約讓領土主權回歸是不可能的。」

《中日和約》第10條：”For the purposes of the present Treaty, nationals of the Republic of China shall be deemed to include all the inhabitants and former inhabitants of Taiwan (Formosa) and Penghu (the Pescadores) and their descendants who are of the Chinese nationality in accordance with the laws and regulations which have been or may hereafter be enforced by the Republic of China in Taiwan (Formosa) and Penghu (the Pescadores); and juridical persons of the Republic of China shall be deemed to include all those registered under the laws and regulations which have been or may hereafter be enforced by the Republic of China in Taiwan (Formosa) and Penghu (the Pescadores).” 意即：「就本約而言，中華民國國民應認為（英文版：shall be deemed to，即「應視為」）包括依照中華民國在臺灣及澎湖，所已施行或將來可能施行之法律規章、而具有中國國籍之一切臺灣及澎湖居民及前屬臺灣及澎湖之居民及其後裔；中華民國法人應認為包括依照中華民國在臺灣及澎湖所已施行或將來可能施行之法律規章所登記之一切法人。」

對日本而言台澎人本來就不是中華民國國民，但日本在《中日和約》第10條寫台澎人被視為（shall be deemed to）中華民國國籍，特別寫出來是因為原本領土主權擁有的國家，土地上人民也會是國民，但因為中華民國沒有台澎主權，因此特地寫出來。

另外，中華民國政權外交部在 1952 年作成的〈議定中華民國與日本國間和平條約總報告書〉🔗 https://www.facebook.com/794597360633322/posts/1405108306248888/?d=n中，也明白承認中日和約無法解決臺澎主權未定問題：「查金山和約僅規定日本放棄臺灣澎湖而未明定其誰屬，此點自非中日和約所能補救。」由此可知，即使是中華民國政權外交部也知道台澎主權歸屬問題根本無法依《中日和約》來處理。

戰敗國日本針對「日華和約第四條之約定是否使臺澎主權回歸中國」之問題，於1964年2月29日在「第０４６回国会予算委員会第１７号」，由「日本條約局局長-中川融」表示：「日華和平條約第四條，雖然有岡田先生所指出的條款，簡單來說，這條規定雙方承認開戰前日華間所締結的條約均因戰爭結果而歸無效。但是，因為有些條約的涵蓋範圍廣，所以現在會受以前締結的條約影響。也可以說，有些條約的內容會沿用至今。當然這些條約的內容已消失，甚至也有『一次就結束』的條約，諸如台灣割讓等條約，便是『完成割讓台灣』一事即達成目的，之後僅具備形式上的效力。由於這是『已經執行完畢』的條約，就算事後廢棄，亦僅是形式上的廢棄，『已經執行完畢的事項無法因此而回到未執行前的狀態』，此類條約廢棄的效果，在國際法上為非常重要的問題，國際法學者的一致見解亦如上所示，若非如此，則國際間將無法安定；割讓領土後因戰敗而使其全部恢復原狀，之前的割讓條約無效，這是不可能的。」

「內閣總理-池田勇人」也表示： 「我們說得很清楚。我方在對日和約中放棄了（台澎主權）。這不是我們可以置喙的。所以，我們只是依據對日和約的規定，在遵守規定的同時締結了新的日華和平條約。即使是依據日華和平條約，也不能做出違背『依舊金山和約之決定日本已放棄（台澎主權）』的事。即使有做出決定，我們也不是以『中華民國具有對台主權』的想法簽條約，這點條約局局長也多次提到。我們現在也是在這樣的想法下運用日華條約。」

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最後再提《中日和約》在1972年9月29日日本轉承認PRC政權是中國代表時，這張和約就法律上已實質停止了唷！因為簽訂《中日和約》時有寫上適用對象範圍就是中華民國代表的中國，所以對日本來說台灣人也不用再「被視為」中華民國國籍的人了。

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以下引用「臺澎國際法法理建國連線」法普：🔗 https://www.facebook.com/rotpnetwork/posts/3749287158497646
在進行法律效力的解釋時，有一個很重要的基本解釋原則叫做「明示其一，排除其他」。也就是說，假設今天有好幾個項目可以寫在法律文件裡，但只有其中部分被提及，此時表示對建立這份法律文件的當事者來說，他們決定排除掉那些沒寫進去的項目。

如果仔細觀察《開羅宣言》、說要實施《開羅宣言》的《波茨坦宣言》，以及《舊金山和約》的內容的話，會發現在《開羅宣言》裡提到的讓朝鮮獨立有出現在《舊金山和約》裡，但在《開羅宣言》裡提到將台澎主權移轉給中華民國卻「沒有」出現在《舊金山和約》裡。那麼，在運用前述的「明示其一，排除其他」的法律解釋基本原則之後，就可以知道，《舊金山和約》全體當事國雖然有在讓朝鮮獨立上達成共識，但對讓台澎領土主權移轉給中華民國並沒有達成共識。要不然為何不像「朝鮮獨立」那樣明白寫出來？

由此可知，《舊金山和約》絕非單純為《波茨坦宣言》的內容背書，如同橡皮圖章的存在。事實上，從美國在 1950年12月27日出具的外交函文可知，美國認為《開羅宣言》、《波茨坦宣言》等戰時宣言應該要受到考量更完全的和平條約的拘束，而不是顛倒過來，讓只有少數國家參與的戰時意向聲明凌駕於各參戰國皆能參與、表示意見的和平條約。

US Aide-mémoire 1950.12.27:
"The Cairo Declaration of 1943 stated the purpose to restore "Manchuria. Formosa and the Pescadores to the Republic of China." That Declaration, like other wartime declarations such as those of Yalta and Potsdam, was in the opinion of the United States Government subject to any final peace settlement where all relevant factors should be considered. The United States cannot accept the view, apparently put forward by the Soviet government, that the views of other Allies not represented at Cairo must be wholly ignored."
意即：「1943 年的開羅宣言提到將「滿洲地區、福爾摩莎及澎湖還給中華民國」。依據美國政府的看法，該份宣言，就和雅爾達及波茲坦等戰時宣言一樣，必須受到將所有相關因素皆納入考量後作成的任何最終和平條約的限制。」
（🔗 臺澎國際法法理建國連線 ）

也可見1954年12月1日關於舊金山和約及台北和約對台澎主權歸屬的處理方式，以及台澎與金馬法律地位的差異，美國國務卿 John Foster Dulles 表示：【嚴】格按法律來說，福爾摩莎及澎湖群島的主權從未確定過。這是因為對日和約僅涉及讓日本放棄對這些島嶼的權利與（主權）權源。但對日和約並未決定其未來的（主權）權源，這在中華民國與日本訂定的和約中也沒有決定。因此，這些島嶼（福爾摩莎與澎湖群島）的法律地位和始終是中國領土的離岸島嶼（金門與馬祖）的法律地位是不同的。

Remarks at News Conference on the Purpose of Treaty with R.O.C. (Dec. 1, 1954), in DEP'T ST. BULL., Dec. 1954, at 896.
“[T]echnical sovereignty over Formosa and the Pescadores has never been settled. That is because the Japanese peace treaty merely involves a renunciation by Japan of its right and title to these islands. But the future title is not determined by the Japanese peace treaty, nor is it determined by the peace treaty which was concluded between the Republic of China and Japan. Therefore, the juridical status of these islands, Formosa and the Pescadores, is different from the juridical status of the offshore islands [Quemoy and Matsu] which have always been Chinese territory.” 意即：「舊金山和約與台北和約都未決定台澎主權歸屬。台澎法理地位與金馬不同。」

（關鍵字搜尋🔍國際法法理建國，敬請期待明天的問與答）

延伸閱讀❣️
👉🏻台澎人做著夢中夢中夢： https://reurl.cc/8yqAdj
👉🏻法理建國派的目標：https://reurl.cc/ZQynqW
👉🏻［英語繁中字］台灣在國際上不被承認的原因與解決方法：https://youtu.be/lss2OdMhi90
👉🏻聖峰演講影片Youtube ：
https://youtu.be/-a_qHXh_URM
👉🏻聖峰演講實錄Podcast：
https://anchor.fm/rotpnetwork-shin-hong-ng/episodes/2019-03-29-ep8kln
👉🏻Apple podcast：https://reurl.cc/a5qZjQ
👉🏻 《台澎法理建國指南》電子書：
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1yFXTxYOtkqrwEyV11w0kQyKujxEZsU8N/view?usp=sharing

呢兩句要從克里靖本書，抄返法文

Votre Altesse Royale, vous parlez bien français pour un Anglais!
克里靖： 英芥蘭人黎講，親王你法文唔錯
Jeune homme! me répondit-il. Je ne suis pas Anglais, et je parlais français avant votre naissance.
菲臘親王：後生仔！我同你講，我唔係英國人，而且你未出世我已經講法文

As the land-scarce Hong Kong has been adding more floors on buildings to create more space, elevators that carry passengers up and down have become time capsules of urban development, integrated in various social spheres of everyday life. At present, the 69,755 elevators in the territory average out to one for every 108 people, the world’s highest elevator-to-population ratio.

As early as in 1888, Hong Kong saw its first elevator at the now-demolished Hong Kong Hotel. Lifts were still so uncommon in the beginning of the 20th century that their installation would make the news. In the ’50s and ’60s when Hong Kong’s economy started to take off, more lift manufacturers set up their offices in the former British colony, bringing the vertical cable shafts to more commercial buildings, shopping malls and traditional Chinese restaurants. Residential premises with elevators were considered luxurious properties, thanks to their rarity.

影片:
【我是南丫島人】23歲仔獲cafe免費借位擺一人咖啡檔 $6,000租住350呎村屋：愛這裏互助關係 (果籽 Apple Daily) (https://youtu.be/XSugNPyaXFQ)
【香港蠔 足本版】流浮山白蠔收成要等三年半 天然生曬肥美金蠔日產僅50斤 即撈即食中環名人坊蜜餞金蠔 西貢六福酥炸生蠔 (果籽 Apple Daily) (https://youtu.be/Fw653R1aQ6s)
【這夜給惡人基一封信】大佬茅躉華日夜思念 回憶從8歲開始：兄弟有今生沒來世 (壹週刊 Next) (https://youtu.be/t06qjQbRIpY)
【太子餃子店】新移民唔怕蝕底自薦包餃子 粗重功夫一腳踢 老闆刮目相看邀開店：呢個女人唔係女人(飲食男女 Apple Daily) https://youtu.be/7CUTg7LXQ4M)
【娛樂人物】情願市民留家唔好出街聚餐 鄧一君兩麵舖執笠蝕200萬 (蘋果日報 Apple Daily) (https://youtu.be/e3agbTOdfoY)

果籽 ：http://as.appledaily.com
籽想旅行：http://travelseed.hk
健康蘋台： http://applehealth.com.hk
動物蘋台： http://applepetform.com

#果籽 #elevator #old Hong Kong #Hong Kong Hotel #British colony #Hong Kong #StayHome #WithMe #跟我一樣 #宅在家

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＃匿名者Ｑ ＃陰謀論
各節重點：
00:00 前導
01:45 匿名者Q說了什麼
03:27 川普是救世主的證據
04:56 川普對「匿名者Q」的回應
05:26 杭特拜登是性虐兒童的變態？
07:04 從線上的陰謀論，到線下的真實暴力
08:13 陰謀論盛行的原因：人性心理
09:21 陰謀論盛行的原因：社群與網路的強力串連
10:27 我們的觀點
12:00 提問
12:13 結尾

【 製作團隊 】

｜企劃：力寧
｜腳本：力寧
｜編輯：土龍
｜剪輯後製：絲繡
｜剪輯助理：歆雅
｜演出：志祺

——

【 本集參考資料 】

→匿名者Q陰謀論崛起 成美國民主社會「最急迫威脅」：https://bit.ly/2JwxXc2
→【2020美國總統大選】川普確診的陰謀論劇本如「舊瓶裝新酒」：https://bit.ly/361BgiS
→What is the QAnon conspiracy theory?：https://cbsn.ws/3kWIbQA
→QAnon：一個信奉特朗普是來拯救世界的陰謀論宗派：https://bit.ly/3kUTt7Y
→視川普為救世主 極右新崛起 匿名者Ｑ群現造勢場：https://bit.ly/361ZucH
→Why do people believe COVID-19 conspiracy theories?：https://bit.ly/3etG84k
→Folk devils and fear: QAnon feeds into a culture of moral panic：https://bit.ly/34PkxQt
→The growing influence of the QAnon conspiracy theory：https://bit.ly/3p0a2Cb
→Why is QAnon going global?：https://bbc.in/34Sz4en
→QAnon in Europe: How the COVID pandemic helped promote a dangerous conspiracy theory：https://bit.ly/3mMIGNJ
→How conspiracies like QAnon are slowly creeping into some Canadian churches/Social Sharing：https://bit.ly/3mLueFM
→Wayfair: The false conspiracy about a furniture firm and child trafficking：https://bbc.in/35Z47Er
→He’s a former QAnon believer. He doesn’t want to tell his story, but thinks it might help.：https://wapo.st/2HTnnLj
→How the Left Lost Its Mind：https://bit.ly/32b2tP3
→川普確診｜左派瘋傳「川普詐病」　右派反嗆：拜登趁辯論會播毒：https://bit.ly/386j2PP
→打擊極右派陰謀論 臉書封殺匿名者Q帳號粉專：https://bit.ly/2TLu58Q
→As QAnon grew, Facebook and Twitter missed years of warning signs about the conspiracy theory’s violent nature：https://wapo.st/3jT4y8n
→YouTube Cracks Down on QAnon Conspiracy Theory, Citing Offline Violence：https://nyti.ms/3mS50Wp
→Trump’s cryptic warning ahead of Iran decision: ‘The calm before the storm’：https://bit.ly/3mKXA7e
→QAnon Conspiracy Theory Lands On European Shores：https://bit.ly/2TOq4jX


【 延伸閱讀 】

→假新聞引發真槍擊案：美國男子襲擊披薩店，自稱調查希拉莉「性侵兒童案」：https://bit.ly/3kUSpRs
→陰謀論：信息大爆炸之下，與我們如影相隨：https://bbc.in/2GtRmcw
→顛覆世界政治　解構陰謀論與「新世界秩序」 https://bit.ly/3jS6mOQ
→The Instagram aesthetic that made QAnon mainstream https://bit.ly/2Gs8AqG
杭特拜登相關↓
→李忠謙專欄》從四年前希拉蕊的「披薩門」，到拜登次子杭特的性醜聞：陰謀論再次干擾美國大選：https://bit.ly/328I79j
→拜登子電郵門案外案 朱利安尼稱握有不堪照片：https://bit.ly/3oRhIGD
→追查拜登子醜聞案出處 NBC：作者與機構皆「純屬虛構」：https://bit.ly/34SDW2X
→What’s the deal with the Hunter Biden email controversy?：https://bit.ly/3841hRm
→QAnon Is Running the Pizzagate Playbook With Hunter Biden：https://bit.ly/3ejn2xI



＼每週７天，每天７點，每次７分鐘，和我們一起了解更多有趣的生活議題吧！／

🥁七七仔們如果想寄東西關懷七七團隊與志祺，傳送門如下：
106台北市大安區羅斯福路二段111號8樓

🟢如有業務需求，請洽：hi77@simpleinfo.cc
🔴如果影片內容有誤，歡迎來信勘誤：hey77@simpleinfo.cc

“Most people learn the history of Hong Kong through books, but still not having a clue about the Victoria City established when the former colony first became a trading port,” said Michael Tsang, a tour guide who takes people on a walk back time across the Hong Kong Island, from Sai Ying Pun in Western District to Sheung Wan and Central.

Tsang’s tour re-imagines the story of Hong Kong’s early colonial days, when the Chinese population first settled and developed old trading communities like “Nam Pak Hong” and the historical “Four Rings and Nine Neighborhoods”. Shops that still remain, including traditional Chinese gown tailor Mei Wah Fashion and the city’s last moveable-type printer Kwong
Wah Printing, continue to electrify cultural conservations even in our contemporary.

果籽 ：http://as.appledaily.com
籽想旅行：http://travelseed.hk
健康蘋台： http://applehealth.com.hk
動物蘋台： http://applepetform.com

相關影片:
【香港職人】手袋神醫甩皮甩骨都救翻生 改短皮帶收$700：世上無嘢整唔到！ (果籽 Apple daily) (https://youtu.be/JlYWNeg5Vxw)
【採耳師】25歲港女採耳師棄教職赴台灣讀採耳課程 記者實試：「第一次清晒耳屎的感覺，好爽」 (果籽 Apple Daily) (https://youtu.be/8uvIzhfy3hI)
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#果籽 #HongKong #SaiYingPun #SheungWan #VictoriaCity #Central #StayHome #WithMe #跟我一樣 #宅在家