#你知道尛
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肛之呼吸。
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如果說不用肺部而是用肛門呼吸，會發生什麼事呢？日本一群科學團隊近期證實哺乳類動物可透過肛門吸入氧氣（EVA, enteral ventilation via anus）。

東京醫科齒科大學的武部貴則醫師和其團隊與辛辛那提市兒童醫院醫學中心攜手合作，進行哺乳類動物呼吸機制的研究。

這項研究已刊登於期刊《Med》之中，證實部分小鼠、大鼠和豬隻可藉由腸子將氧氣吸入肛門內。據《紐約時報》報導，武部貴則醫師看見父親遭肺部疾病纏身，才讓他想到要進行這項罕見的實驗。

雖然呼吸器可在肺部受損時替病人續命，但呼吸器並非隨手可得，且會發生用罄的情況。現階段疫情爆發，許多染疫的病人都需要呼吸器和人工肺，這導致院內呼吸器裝置匱乏，病人的性命將可能暴露在危險中。

因此，武部貴則醫師開始研究動物界的吸氣方式。他發現許多魚類和其他動物都具有能多功處理的器官，舉例來說泥鰍除了可透過鰓來呼吸，也能藉由腸子吸入空氣。

武部貴則醫師接著著手研究哺乳類物種是否也能採取類似的呼吸機制，他們進行了兩項呼吸的實驗模型：直腸內氧氣呼吸（g-EVA）和直腸內液體呼吸（l-EVA）。

在氧氣呼吸模型中，研究員將氧氣打入缺氧且服用鎮靜劑大鼠的直腸內；而在液體呼吸模型中，研究員把氧氣加入會吸收氣體的碳氟化合物，並把含氧液體灑入動物的直腸內。

透過對多隻大鼠和豬隻做實驗，武部貴則醫師和其團隊發現哺乳類也能透過腸內呼吸的方式吸入氧氣，以達到腸道呼吸的目標。

實驗中的動物都處於缺氧狀態，腸內呼吸模型可增加受試動物的血氧量，大鼠開始再次活動，而服用鎮靜劑後原本臉色蒼白的豬隻氣色也變得紅潤許多。

根據這項實驗的結果，武部貴則醫師希望他和團隊能在明年於人體進行臨床試驗，他也期望能將此方法用於重症病人，如此一來就能在不使用呼吸器的情況下快速取得氧氣。

#解鎖直腸新功能 #肛之呼吸 #別小看人體的第二個嘴巴 #尛編

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#武部貴則 #TakanoriTakebe #肛門呼吸

益生菌 － 黃世豪腸胃及肝臟科專科醫生＠FindDoc.com

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（一）食物補充益生菌可行嗎？ 00:06

（二）益生菌是什麼？ 00:42

（三）益生菌有什麼功用？ 01:23

（四）醫生如何選擇適合病人的益生菌？ 01:54

(本短片作健康教育之用，並不可取代任何醫療診斷或治療。治療成效因人而異，如有疑問，請向專業醫療人士諮詢。)

參考資料：
1. Lisko, D. J., Johnston, G. P., & Johnston, C. G. (2017). Effects of Dietary Yogurt on the Healthy Human Gastrointestinal (GI) Microbiome. Microorganisms, 5(1), 6. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms5010006
2. Kechagia, M., Basoulis, D., Konstantopoulou, S., Dimitriadi, D., Gyftopoulou, K., Skarmoutsou, N., & Fakiri, E. M. (2013). Health benefits of probiotics: a review. ISRN nutrition, 2013, 481651. https://doi.org/10.5402/2013/481651
3. Hill, D., Sugrue, I., Tobin, C., Hill, C., Stanton, C., & Ross, R. P. (2018). The Lactobacillus casei Group: History and Health Related Applications. Frontiers in microbiology, 9, 2107. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2018.02107
4. Akatsu H., Iwabuchi N., Xiao J., Matsuyama Z., Kurihara R., Okuda K., et al. (2013). Clinical effects of probiotic Bifidobacterium longum BB536 on immune function and intestinal microbiota in elderly patients receiving enteral tube feeding. J. Parenter Enteral Nutr. 37 631–640. 10.1177/0148607112467819
5. Yang, G., Liu, Z. Q., & Yang, P. C. (2013). Treatment of allergic rhinitis with probiotics: an alternative approach. North American journal of medical sciences, 5(8), 465–468. https://doi.org/10.4103/1947-2714.117299
6. Uronis, J. M., Arthur, J. C., Keku, T., Fodor, A., Carroll, I. M., Cruz, M. L., Appleyard, C. B., & Jobin, C. (2011). Gut microbial diversity is reduced by the probiotic VSL#3 and correlates with decreased TNBS-induced colitis. Inflammatory bowel diseases, 17(1), 289–297. https://doi.org/10.1002/ibd.21366
7. Fedorak R. N. (2010). Probiotics in the management of ulcerative colitis. Gastroenterology & hepatology, 6(11), 688–690.
8. Dale, H. F., Rasmussen, S. H., Asiller, Ö. Ö., & Lied, G. A. (2019). Probiotics in Irritable Bowel Syndrome: An Up-to-Date Systematic Review. Nutrients, 11(9), 2048. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11092048
9. Mimura, T., Rizzello, F., Helwig, U., Poggioli, G., Schreiber, S., Talbot, I. C., Nicholls, R. J., Gionchetti, P., Campieri, M., & Kamm, M. A. (2004). Once daily high dose probiotic therapy (VSL#3) for maintaining remission in recurrent or refractory pouchitis. Gut, 53(1), 108–114. https://doi.org/10.1136/gut.53.1.108



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Quick Miso Pickled Vegetables (Sokuseki Misozuke) which can make while you cook rice 😋

You can use any vegetables you like. Wash, parboil, prepare if needed.

Miso improves your enteral environment and boosts your immune system. Perfect side dish for everyday meal 👍

Awasemiso:
https://amzn.to/2X2h3Xy

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Quick Miso Pickled Vegetables (Immune-Boosting Everyday Recipe)

Difficulty: Easy
Time: 30min
Number of servings: 4 servings

Ingredients:
200g (7oz.) Miso (Awasemiso)
3 tbsp. sugar
3 tbsp. milk/soy milk
((Vegetables I used))
cucumber (partially peeled)
Daikon radish
carrot
sugar snap peas (2min parboiled)
avocado slices
grape tomatoes
boiled eggs
((Other Ingredients Recommended))
celery
radish
asparagus
renkon (lotus root)
Tofu (drained)
cooked meat
cooked fish
etc...

Directions:
1. In a bowl, mix Miso, sugar, and milk/soy milk very well.
2. Place half of the Miso mixture in a flat container with a lid or without a lid is okay. Place the prepared vegetables.
3. Place another half of the Miso mixture then cover with a lid or plastic wrap is okay. Leave for 30 minutes.

Scrape off Miso then serve in a dish. You don't want to leave more than 30 minutes or too much water comes out from the ingredients. Use the leftover Miso for other Miso dishes.
Miso Recipes are HERE:
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLJdVRCODQ4NlS72KCwJtzEt18L9i15ghq

レシピ（日本語）
https://cooklabo.blogspot.com/2020/04/ochikeron.html
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