東京奧運，明天（8/8）就要閉幕了。

或許很多人跟我一樣，從選手陸續回國的時候開始，就已經感到捨不得，希望這場奧運，能夠一直持續下去。雖然我們都知道不可能。

或許正因為不可能，才更值得珍惜。

這屆奧運，原本不僅被主辦國日本高度期待，從旅遊產業角度看，也獲得週邊地區相當多的關注。畢竟，並不是每一場奧運，我們都有機會親臨現場，就算無法入場觀賽，哪怕只是在街頭、感受奧運氣氛，都是很好的生涯經驗。曾親身去過雅典奧運的我，更清楚那樣的氛圍。

很可惜，由於眾所周知的原因，使得這屆奧運，就算不是史上最淒涼，也算夠寂寥的了。對我個人而言，更是被迫中止、原本預定在日本的旅遊發展計畫。

但就在這樣的大環境下，來自台灣的選手們，卻帶給我們許多的驚喜與感動。不，應該說，不僅是台灣的選手，還包括許多場上競賽的對手，私下卻是惺惺相惜、互相鼓勵。或許我看比賽的次數不多，這麼有人情味的世界比賽場合，過去還真的不常見。

且因時差只有一小時，所以我們能即時看比賽、為選手加油，與他們在同一時空中，感受勝利的喜悅，與落敗的遺憾；更因台日之間彼此的熟悉與友好氣氛，讓我們在看比賽轉播時，感受到種種細節的貼心，

更不用說，那種「同島一心」的感動。

我不知道。但我想這樣的運動會，至少在可以想像的未來，應該都無法被複製或重現吧。當然，選手的表現還有可能延續甚至更好，各種典禮與準備也想必會更精彩，但你懂我的意思，那是一種「時代氛圍」，無論好或壞，都是只有當下才會存在的。

奧運結束，又要回到眾聲喧嘩的日常；打開電視，又是為了疫情與疫苗爭論不休的對立。有人說執政者本來就應該被監督，這是民主社會的常態，但有時候，是不是忘記了，民主自由不只是要被監督，更是需要被守護的。

謝謝東京奧運，謝謝台灣的選手們，讓我們可以暫時忘卻現實的紛擾，放下爭議，彷彿真正成為一家人。

即使窗外下著豪雨，我會珍惜這剩下最後的一天，繼續感受。

（原本也很希望蒐集令我們感動的選手相片，但那多半是有版權的，所以還是就用最簡單的官網圖片，做為代表吧。圖片來源： https://olympics.com/ioc/news/tokyo-2020-to-organise-innovative-and-engaging-games ）

［翻轉視界 8］逃離禁錮之地：離開北韓我學會自由與憐憫
　
“If you don't know the words, that means you don't understand the concept, and therefore, you don't even realize that concept is even a possibility.” —— human rights activist Yeonmi Park。
　
「如果你不知道某些詞彙，那就意味著你並不了解某些概念，因此你也不會意識到，那些概念可以是一種可能。」——人權鬥士朴延美
　
對出逃前的她而言，自由與溫飽是很奢侈的理念，更無法了解「愛」的全貌。當我們無法得知世界發生了什麼，無法想像那超越自身認知的世界，我們便無法真正地同理他人。今天我想邀請大家，以不同的角度，重新感受自由、溫飽與愛的可貴。
　
★★★★★★★★★★★★
　
I was born in 1993 in the northern part of North Korea, in a town called Hyesan, which is on the border with China. I had loving parents and one older sister. Before I was even 10 years old, my father was sent to a labor camp for engaging in illegal trading. Now, by "illegal trading" -- he was selling clogs, sugar, rice and later copper to feed us. In 2007, my sister and I decided to escape. She was 16 years old, and I was 13 years old.
　
1. on the border with 鄰近邊界
2. labor camp 勞改營
3. illegal trading 非法的交易
　
１９９３年我出生在北韓的北部，一個名叫惠山的小鎮，鄰近中國邊界。我有愛我的父母與一位姐姐。在我１０歲大的時候，父親就被送去勞改營，因為他非法買賣一些東西。所謂的非法買賣，其實他是賣一些木鞋、糖、米，之後還賣了銅，只為了餵飽我們。２００７年，姐姐和我決定逃跑。她當時１６歲，而我１３歲。
　
★★★★★★★★★★★★
　
I need you to understand what the word "escape" means in the context of North Korea. We were all starving, and hunger means death in North Korea. So it was the only option for us. I didn't even understand the concept of escape, but I could see the lights from China at night, and I wondered if I go where the light is, I might be able to find a bowl of rice. It's not like we had a grand plan or maps. We did not know anything about what was going to happen. Imagine your apartment building caught fire. I mean, what would you do? Would you stay there to be burned, or would you jump off out of the window and see what happens? That's what we did. We jumped out of the house instead of the fire.
　
4. in the context of 在⋯⋯的情境中
5. concept 概念；觀念；思想
6. a grand plan 一個遠大的計畫
7. catch fire 著火
　
你們要知道，「逃跑」這兩字在北韓意味著什麼。我們天天挨餓，而飢餓在北韓意味著死亡。所以逃跑是我們唯一的選擇。我當時還不了解逃跑是什麼意思，但晚上我能看見中國那邊的燈光，我想著如果我能到有光的地方，也許就能找到一碗飯。我們沒有什麼遠大的計畫或地圖。我們完全不知道，接下來會發生什麼事。想像一下，你的公寓失火了，你會怎麼辦？你會坐以待斃，還是跳窗然後再看著辦？我們就是那樣。我們從大樓上跳了下來， 而不是等火燒上來。
　
★★★★★★★★★★★★
　
North Korea is unimaginable. It's very hard for me when people ask me what it feels like to live there. To be honest, I tell you: you can't even imagine it. The words in any language can't describe, because it's a totally different planet, as you cannot imagine your life on Mars right now. For example, the word "love" has only one meaning: love for the Dear Leader. There's no concept of romantic love in North Korea. And if you don't know the words, that means you don't understand the concept, and therefore, you don't even realize that concept is even a possibility.
　
8. unimaginable 無法想像
9. no concept of... 沒有⋯的概念
10. romantic love 浪漫愛
　
北韓是難以想像的。對我來說，要回答住在北韓是什麼感覺，非常困難。老實說，我可以告訴各位——你無從想像。沒有任何語言可以描述，因為那是個截然不同的星球，就像你現在無法想像自己在火星上的生活一樣。比如說，「愛」只有一個意思：愛偉大的領袖。在北韓沒有那種浪漫之愛的概念。如果你不知道某些詞彙，那就意味著你並不了解某些概念，因此你也不會意識到，那些概念可以是一種可能。
　
★★★★★★★★★★★★
　
Let me give you another example. Growing up in North Korea, we truly believed that our Dear Leader is an almighty god who can even read my thoughts. I was even afraid to think in North Korea. We are told that he's starving for us, and he's working tirelessly for us, and my heart just broke for him. When I escaped to South Korea, people told me that he was actually a dictator, he had cars, many, many resorts, and he had an ultraluxurious life. And then I remember looking at a picture of him, realizing for the first time that he is the largest guy in the picture. And it hit me. Finally, I realized he wasn't starving. But I was never able to see that before, until someone told me that he was fat.
　
11. an almighty god 一個全能的神
12. tirelessly 不屈不撓地；堅忍地
13. a dictator 獨裁者
14. it hit me 突然想到、意識到 
15. resort 度假地（此處係指北韓獨裁者有很多度假別墅）
16. ultraluxurious 極其奢華的
17. have a…life 過著⋯⋯的生活
　
讓我再舉一個例子。在北韓長大，我們真心相信我們偉大的領袖是全能的神，他甚至能看穿我在想什麼。我在北韓甚至不敢思考。我們聽說他為我們挨餓、不眠不休地為我們工作，而我為此感到心痛。我逃到南韓後，有人跟我說他其實是獨裁者，他有很多車、很多很多渡假別墅，他的生活極為奢華。我記得自己看著一張有他的照片，第一次意識到他是照片裡體型最大的那個。這件事讓我大受打擊。那時我才終於了解，他沒有挨餓。但我以前總無法看清這些，直到有人跟我說他很胖，我才恍然大悟。
　
★★★★★★★★★★★★
　
Really, someone had to teach me that he was fat. If you have never practiced critical thinking, then you simply see what you're told to see. The biggest question also people ask me is: "Why is there no revolution inside North Korea? Are we dumb? Why is there no revolution for 70 years of this oppression?" And I say: If you don't know you're a slave, if you don't know you're isolated or oppressed, how do you fight to be free? I mean, if you know you're isolated, that means you are not isolated. Not knowing is the true definition of isolation, and that's why I never knew I was isolated when I was in North Korea. I literally thought I was in the center of the universe.
　
18. critical thinking 批判性思考
19. revolution 革命
20. dumb 愚蠢的*
21. oppression 壓迫；壓制；欺壓
22. isolated and oppressed 與世隔絕的與被壓迫的
　
真的，要有人教我，他這樣叫做胖。如果你沒學過批判性思考，你看到的就只會是別人跟你說的。其他人對我提出的大哉問還有：「為何北韓沒有革命？我們傻嗎？為何歷經７０年的壓迫，卻沒人發動革命？」我回答：「如果你不知道自己是奴隸，不知道自己被與世隔絕、壓迫，你要如何為自由而戰？我的意思是，如果你知道自己被與世隔絕，那就表示你並非真的與世隔絕。與世隔絕的真正定義是無知，所以我從不知道，在北韓的我與世隔絕。我真的以為我們是宇宙的中心。

*dumb: https://bit.ly/3fG5XOk
　
★★★★★★★★★★★★
　
So here is my idea worth spreading: a lot of people think humans inherently know what is right and wrong, the difference between justice and injustice, what we deserve and we don't deserve. I tell them: BS. Everything, everything must be taught, including compassion. If I see someone dying on the street right now, I will do anything to save that person. But when I was in North Korea, I saw people dying and dead on the streets. I felt nothing. Not because I'm a psychopath, but because I never learned the concept of compassion. Only, I felt compassion, empathy and sympathy in my heart after I learned the word "compassion" and the concept, and I feel them now.
　
23. inherently 與生俱來地
24. justice and injustice 正義與不義
25. psychopath 精神病患者
26. compassion, empathy and sympathy 憐憫、同理與同情*
　
我覺得值得分享的想法是：很多人以為，人類生來就能分辨是非對錯，懂得正義與邪惡的差別，我們值得被怎樣對待。我跟他們說：放屁。所有的事，所有的事都得經過教導，包含憐憫。如果我現在看見有人在路邊奄奄一息，我會不顧一切來救他。但我在北韓的時候，會眼睜睜看著有人橫死街頭，卻沒有任何感覺。並非因為我是心理病態，而是我從未學過憐憫的概念。只有在我的內心感受到憐憫、同理與同情，我才學會「憐憫」一詞與其概念，而如今我已能感受到這些。
　
*compassion: a strong feeling of sympathy and sadness for the suffering or bad luck of others and a wish to help them

empathy: the ability to share someone else's feelings or experiences by imagining what it would be like to be in that person's situation

sympathy: (an expression of) understanding and care for someone else's suffering
　
★★★★★★★★★★★★
　
Now I live in the United States as a free person.
　
現在我以自由人的身分住在美國。
　
★★★★★★★★★★★★
　
And recently, the leader of the free country, our President Trump, met with my former god. And he decided human rights is not important enough to include in his agendas, and he did not talk about it. And it scares me. We live in a world right now where a dictator can be praised for executing his uncle, for killing his half brother, killing thousands of North Koreans. And that was worthy of praise. And also it made me think: perhaps we all need to be taught something new about freedom now. Freedom is fragile. I don't want to alarm you, but it is. It only took three generations to make North Korea into George Orwell's "1984." It took only three generations. If we don't fight for human rights for the people who are oppressed right now who don't have a voice, as free people here, who will fight for us when we are not free? Machines? Animals? I don't know.
　
27. agenda 議程
28. be praised for 因⋯⋯獲得讚揚
29. execute (v.) 處決
30. worthy of sth 適合某物或具有某物的特徵
31. fragile 脆弱
　
最近，自由國度的領袖，我們的川普總統，和我以前的神會面。他認定，人權沒那麼重要，不需排進議程中，所以對此他隻字不提。這嚇壞我了。我們竟身在一個獨裁者處決伯父還能獲得讚揚的世界裡，他殺害同父異母的哥哥、殺害成千上萬的北韓人民，竟還能得到讚揚。這不禁使我開始思考，也許我們現在都要學習自由的新涵義。自由很脆弱。我不想嚇你，但事實如此。短短三個世代，就讓北韓淪為喬治．歐威爾筆下的《１９８４》。只花了三個世代。如果我們不為人權而戰，不為受壓迫、不為無法發聲的人而戰，當身為自由人的我們不自由時，誰還願意為我們而戰？機器嗎？動物嗎？我不知道。
　
★★★★★★★★★★★★
　
I think it's wonderful that we care about climate change, animal rights, gender equality, all of these things. The fact that we care about animals' rights, that means that's how beautiful our heart is, that we care about someone who cannot speak for themselves. And North Koreans right now cannot speak for themselves. They don't have internet in the 21st century. We don't have electricity, and it is the darkest place on earth right now. Now I want to say something to my fellow North Koreans who are living in that darkness. They might not believe this, but I want to tell them that an alternative life is possible. Be free.
　
32. speak for oneself 為某人發聲
33. alternative life 另一種生活
　
我覺得我們能關心氣候變遷、動物權益、性別平等諸如此類之事，真的很美好。因為，我們關心動物權益，就代表了我們的心地有多善良，也代表我們關心無法為自己發聲的對象。北韓人民現在無法為自己發聲。身處２１世紀的他們，沒有網路可用。我們沒有電，那裡是當今地球上最暗的地方。現在我想告訴那些生活在北韓黑暗中的同胞。也許他們不會相信我，但我想告訴他們，生命仍有其他可能——意即自由的生活。
　
★★★★★★★★★★★★
　
From my experience, literally anything is possible. I was bought, I was sold as a slave. But now I'm here, and that is why I believe in miracles. The one thing that I learned from history is that nothing is forever in this world. And that is why we have every reason to be hopeful. Thank you.
　
34. slave 奴隸
35. miracle 奇蹟
　
就我的經驗，真的什麼事都有可能發生。我被人買走，賣給別人當奴隸。但我現在在這裡，這也就是為什麼我相信奇蹟。我從歷史上學到的一件事，就是世上沒有什麼是永恆的。而這也是我們無論如何都能懷有希望的原因。謝謝大家。
　
資訊出處：https://bit.ly/32p5HiK
　
圖片出處：https://bit.ly/32n2zEe
　
★★★★★★★★★★★★
　
如何增進同理心：https://bit.ly/34qSKnC
　
#ChangingPerspectives
#翻轉視界

★★★★★★★★★★★★

翻轉視界系列文章: https://bit.ly/3fPvKUs

《回應連登仔 能者多努 話我英文廢，憑咩教人》

一定有followers話，Tiffany其實你已經做得好好，唔需要為呢啲hater煩心。我知道。但我想藉此討論下香港學英文風氣嘅問題，因為香港學英文同教英文嘅風氣真係好有問題。

1）50000人follow就算上位？
Po主好介意我英文咁廢，都有50000幾60000人訂閱我channel。

唔好傻啦，我地啲片平均幾千到萬幾人睇，其實我有咩影響力丫。

2）我唔係聖人，我英文都會錯。
的確，睇番你改我篇文，如果我唔寫could have spent呢一句，文句的確會容易明啲。其實我當時係想講could have spent more wisely；再加上當時寫文係DSE之後，我覺得學生本身可以花喺理解英文嘅時間花咗喺背誦度，所以我先咁寫。

Inculcate呢個字我用得唔好，其實講cultivate或者foster會好好多，brain fog寫錯，多謝你指正。

曾經有學生同我講software唔加s，我先突然恍然大悟省起，係wor，software唔加s。

我冇話自己勁，亦冇話自己唔會錯，不過我可以將生活裡面都八九成思考嘅嘢，都可以同舒服用英文講。我覺得呢樣嘢，比起錯唔錯緊要好多。

3）有時算錯定唔算錯，係主觀嘅

“能者多努”話我唔可以講Teachers either don’t have the time, resources, permission, or expertise (cultural, literary and general knowledge)Teachers either don’t have the time, resources, permission, or expertise (cultural, literary and general knowledge) to
foster real and two-way interchange among students. They resort to imparting knowledge through lecturing,
to make English lessons interesting, engaging or even exciting.

因為either or只可以跟either A or B，其實喺informal contexts，好多人都會講either A, B, C or D。呢篇文只係一篇listacles，我簡單抒發己見，唔預學生睇，當我要教either or呢個conjunction我當然唔會舉either A, B, C or D咁嘅例子。

就好似both呢個字，傳統想要講Both A & B，如果要講三個或以上items，理論上要講all A, B and C。但現代英文裡面，大家都會講 both A, B and C。

如果你大學有讀descriptivism同prescriptivism嘅分別，應該會明白。

4）Youtube同社交媒體都係產業，我好相信quality follows quantity，所以我每個禮拜都出緊大量內容

或者你會覺得咁樣係誤人子弟，但我好相信我每出一篇文同一條片，學生都係係咁綺larp兩眼，因為我地世界步伐太快，佢地唔會當我每條片同每篇文章係精讀篇章咁「倫」。

當我每個禮拜都推出內容，我出咩錯嘅時候自然就會有觀眾出黎指正我，呢樣嘢我不嬲都好歡迎，我會心心晒佢地啲comment。

當一個禮拜出緊>5 Medium文；3套Youtube片；2集podcast；2篇email newsletter同>10嘅IG post嘅時候，雖然我儘量避免，但忙中有錯係必然。

如果你覺得能夠做到咁樣製作內容嘅速度，加上有你滿意嘅英文水平嘅人，可以喺Youtube出樣教英文？如果你識得有咁嘅人，希望你介紹比我識。

5）回應世界英文資源咁多，多我一個唔多；少我一個唔少

我自己好相信我嘅分享有用；而我呢個信念亦得到我好多嘅followers確認，我先會繼續做落去。

如果我冇我嘅存在價值，我相信好難做到多人訂閱。因為Youtube係一個競爭激烈嘅空間，演算法係民主嘅。有英文channel係教英文嘅，但好多都係用普通話或者英文。English with Lucy、Papa Teach me、English Like A Native，普通話嘅有阿滴英文等等，呢啲頻道我全部都有睇，佢地當然有佢地嘅作用。但我覺得自己channel嘅價值在於聯繫香港同亞洲文化落英文度，我覺得咁先可以令學生原本唔鍾意英文，變成發現英文同佢地有興趣嘅嘢其實好有關係。

有一句說話係咁講嘅：No one can do what you do, the way you do it。唔好成日集中精神喺人地叻唔叻，留意下人地幫唔幫到人。呢個世界已經夠黑暗，可唔可以欣賞下會攞個心出黎幫人嘅人，幫唔幫到人，而唔係人地有冇資格；叻唔叻？

6）呢個世界唔係你踩其他人，人地就會認同你叻
就算我同其他教英文嘅人，包括蕭叔叔、阿滴英文、馬米高、English Lesson for Freedom、Miss Charlotte、哥倫布等等嘅教學理念未必完全一樣，我從來冇走去踩佢地。

如果一定要搵，每個人嘅英文同知識面都一定會搵到可以挑剔嘅地方，但係咪代表我需要搵佢地錯誤出黎挑機同批評？

我從來冇咁做，除咗因為我focus on我自己做好之外，因為我知道佢地做嘅嘢最起碼都係啱多於錯；幫到人多於害到人。

我唔會嘗試批評佢地，顯出我自己幾叻，無論佢地教英文係為興趣定牟利都好，我覺得最緊要大家個mission有意義；做嘅範疇係自己鍾意，能力範圍內儘量做好，已經好好。

7）你話我屋邨英文水平，唔同我有IB同拔萃學生黎搵我教佢地Eng lit，又同你講咩？

又唔通，我走去Youtube教IB英文咩？會唔會有人睇？會唔會有說服力？唔通我UE A CE 5*又同你不斷同你講咩。

唔同有band 1學生走黎比我我幫佢地出mock卷，我又同你講？

有咩意思？

人地只覺得我精英主義同show quali。

8）香港，需要唔怕錯，勇於表達嘅老師

我覺得香港嘅老師真係好怕錯；學生都係，當老師咁怕錯，點說服學生唔怕錯？

因為香港太多鍾意品評其他人英文嘅唔出樣但寸寸貢嘅鍵盤戰士，所以好多英文老師怕比人捉到錯處，而唔拍片。再加上Youtube動輒會有幾廿萬人睇到你犯錯，好多人都承受唔到呢個心理壓力。

我曾經去過香港Google嘅event同教師分享點做Youtube，我覺得就係呢種熱愛批評嘅態度，令到好多教育工作者都唔敢拍片。

英文，唔應該係用黎突顯自己英文有幾叻；自己有幾叻；英文係一個工具比我地更加豐富咁表達自己同睇呢個世界。

9）我冇睇唔起香港嘅日校英文老師，請你唔好亂咁解讀。
我話明好多英文老師冇時間培養香港學生對英文嘅興趣，因為好多時學校冇呢個自由度比佢地；至於expertise，一定有啲老師都係喺expertise上面有欠缺的，只不過呢個唔代表呢個一定係佢地錯，又或者佢地就係好廢，又或者我睇唔起佢地。

10）英文裡面，溝通裡面，grammar唔係唔重要，pronunciation唔係唔重要，但仲有更加重要嘅，係attitude，同識得match番溝通嘅objective同埋講嘢方式

我成日都講beyond grammar；例如歌詞裡面嘅smile a little smile；Star Trek裡面嘅To boldly go where no one has gone before；蘋果嘅think different；麥當勞嘅I’m loving it，因為我知道rules are made to be broken。grammar只係達意嘅工具，最重要係你用嘅語言同你溝通嘅objective match。我唔覺得你有領會一點，一個人英文叻唔叻唔係在於一個人寫嘢有幾正確；而係在於佢嘅語言可以達到幾versatile/wide-ranging嘅objectives同purposes。

例如一個人識得用英文寫DSE文章或者office嘅email，唔代表識得寫blog posts；識得寫詩；識得拍Youtube video。我喺寫作上面，一直都experiment緊，以前都有幫人寫詩，自己寫literary essays，唔係淨係你講嘅Medium文。

Attitude方面，我一直都覺得香港學生（正如林沛理所講），淨係留喺read for information，未做到read for style、賞識英文呢個境界，亦有好多學生對英文冇興趣，只係當英文係生存嘅工具，咁樣係好難學好英文，只會搵捷徑（例如將好多時間投資喺考試技巧）同囫圇吞棗咁背詞語/句式。

11）Medium係我碎碎念嘅地方
我日日都寫Medium文，我寫Medium文多過我屙屎，好多都唔打算係比學生精讀嘅，更莫講或中學生。如果你睇我嘅中文文章，或者同樣係錯漏百出，但我嘅文係寫比讀者略讀嘅，每日當專欄咁寫，我唔覺錯有咩大不了。

能者多努，如果你仍然想批評，可以批評埋我喺Medium寫嘅其他英文文章，唔好淨係執我篇Listacle；同埋唔好喺連登出post問人有冇見過女仔屙尿，咁樣只會顯得你心理變態。

I am not the brightest; I am not the smartest. But I show up for my audience. That's what that matters.

Medium原文link：https://medium.com/@tiffanysuen/whats-wrong-with-hong-kongs-english-education-14bf7d0ca73f

LIHKG原link：https://lihkg.com/thread/2005909/