[時事英文] 精神錯亂辯護
　
The insanity defense, also known as the mental disorder defense, is an affirmative defense by excuse in a criminal case, arguing that the defendant is not responsible for their actions due to an episodic or persistent psychiatric disease at the time of the criminal act. This is contrasted with an excuse of provocation, in which the defendant is responsible, but the responsibility is lessened due to a temporary mental state.
　
1. the insanity defense 精神錯亂辯護
2. mental disorder 精神障礙
3. an affirmative defense 積極抗辯；確認的抗辯
4. defendant 被告人
5. responsible for their actions 為他們的行為負責
6. episodic 發作的；偶發的
7. persistent psychiatric disease 持續的精神性疾病
8. a criminal act 犯罪行為
9. an excuse of provocation 義憤殺人的免責條款*
10. be lessened 被減輕
11. a temporary mental state 暫時的精神狀態
　
精神錯亂辯護 ，也叫做精神障礙辯護，是刑事案件中用以積極抗辯的理由，鑑於被告犯罪時偶發或持續的精神性疾病，故無法為其行為負責。這與義憤殺人的免責條款形成對比——在義憤殺人的情況中被告負有刑責，惟由於暫時的精神狀態，刑責得以減輕。
　
*an excuse of provocation 詳參——
《中華民國刑法》：https://bit.ly/2SqhOqh
最高法院刑事判決：https://bit.ly/35kEo8K
　
★★★★★★★★★★★★
　
《台北時報》報導：
　
The man charged in the slaying of a railway police officer last year was acquitted of murder by the Chiayi District Court yesterday, with judges saying that the suspect, surnamed Cheng, had a mental disorder. However, Cheng was ordered to undergo five years of psychiatric treatment.
　
12. be charged with 被控告
13. the slaying of 殺害⋯⋯
14. a railway police officer 鐵路警察
15. be acquitted 被宣判無罪
16. suspect (n.) 嫌犯
17. undergo 接受（治療或檢查等）；經歷，經受（令人不快的事或變化）
18. psychiatric treatment 精神病治療
　
昨日，這名於去年被控殺害一名鐵路警察的男子，被嘉義地方法院宣判無罪，法官表示鄭嫌患有精神障礙。惟令鄭接受五年的精神病治療。
　
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The parents of Lee Cheng-han, the 25-year-old railway officer killed in July last year, were at the court. Lee Tseng-wen, Lee Cheng-han’s father, told reporters after the verdict was announced: “This is outrageous.”

“My son was killed in the line of his duty as a police officer and the court gave a not guilty ruling,” he said. “It is painful for me right now. The judges have lost their senses and reason.”
　
19. verdict 裁決
20. in the line of duty 在工作中；在執行任務時
21. not guilty 無罪
22. a court ruling 法院判決
　
去年７月遭殺害的２５歲鐵路警察李承翰的父母在法庭上。在判決宣布後，李承翰的父親李增文對記者說：「這太可恥了。」

他說：「我兒子在履行警察的職責時被殺害，而法院竟作出無罪的判決。」「此時此刻，這對我來說很痛苦。法官們失去了判斷力與理智。」
　
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“He was our only son. He worked diligently and was devoted to his family. We have to suffer the pain and sorrow of his death to this day,” he said. “If we could turn back the clock, we would never allow him to work as a police officer.”
　
23. suffer 遭受；受苦
24. pain and sorrow 痛苦與悲傷
25. turn back the clock 將時間倒轉
　
「他是我們的獨生子。他工作勤奮並為家庭犧牲奉獻。直到今天，我們都必須承受他去世的痛苦與悲傷，」他說。「 如果我們可以讓時間倒轉，我們絕不允許他當警察。」
　
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Cheng, 55, was examined by psychiatrists, who said that he was suffering from schizophrenia when he stabbed Lee Cheng-han. “He was under a delusion that affected his behavior at the time,” the psychiatrists said in a report. “His actions resulted from his mental condition.”
　
26. be examined by 被⋯⋯檢查
27. schizophrenia 思覺失調症；精神分裂症
28. stab（用刀等銳器）刺
29. under a delusion 陷入一種妄想（或幻想）
30. result from 肇因於⋯⋯
31. mental condition 精神狀況
　
鄭現年５５歲，接受了精神科醫生的檢查，醫生說他刺傷李承翰時正受思覺失調症所苦。「他當時正陷入一種妄想，影響了他的行為。」精神科醫生在一份報告中寫道。「他的行為乃肇因於他的精神狀況。」
　
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“Psychiatrists say that people with schizophrenia must take medication their whole lives. If they do not, they will relapse,” the report said. “Cheng’s mental capacity had deteriorated and he had lost awareness of his action at the time.”

The judges cited Article 19 of the Criminal Code: “An offense is not punishable if it is committed by a person who is mentally disordered.” Cheng was granted release on NT$500,000 bail, but his family reportedly could not pay the amount, so he remained in detention yesterday.
　
32. take medication 服藥
33. relapse 舊病復發
34. mental capacity 意思能力*
35. deteriorate 惡化；變壞
36. lose awareness 失去意識
37. an offense 罪過
38. not punishable 不罰
39. be granted release 被批准釋放
40. bail 保釋金
41. pay the amount 支付該筆金額
42. remain in detention 持續拘留
　
「精神科醫生說，思覺失調症患者須終生服藥。否則將會舊病復發。」報告寫道。「鄭的意思能力已惡化，他當時已對自身行為失去意識。」法官們引述了《刑法》第１９條：「行為時因精神障礙或其他心智缺陷，致不能辨識其行為違法或欠缺依其辨識而行為之能力者，不罰。」鄭獲准以新臺幣五十萬元交保，但據報導他的家人無法支付這筆罰金，因此他昨日仍被拘留。
　
*意思能力：「對於自己之行為及其效果，能正常判斷、識別及預期之精神能力。」詳參：https://bit.ly/2KPeVuN
　
資訊出處: https://bit.ly/2KQz4k9
　
圖片出處：https://bit.ly/3dhI9Pl
　
★★★★★★★★★★★★
　
[時事英文] 死刑：https://bit.ly/3bVrtg6
　
時事英文講義：https://bit.ly/2XmRYXc
　
時事英文大全：http://bit.ly/2WtAqop
　
如何使用「時事英文」：https://bit.ly/3a9rr38

《米桶發財法》(English version below)
STRIKING RICH WITH THE RICE BIN

年少時，吾突然意思到，吾的身段似乎「過於苗條」了，是時候讓它「蓬勃發展」。一來，能保護身邊的人，二來，在整體上，較爲健康，較爲好看些。於是，吾在食量上加倍，向同班同學借來一對九公斤重的啞鈴，勤做仰臥起坐、伏地挺身，以及使用其他運動器材。這些是吾室內強身健體的部份。至於室外的部份，較常較多的當屬游泳了。當年吾最喜用蛙式與蝶式，且每一次來回，喜「上岸」做仰臥起坐，及伏地挺身。吾不敢說吾的身材有多好多好，可確實有男女稱讚過，也起碼沒有多餘的贅肉。

除了室內室外的強身健體以外，吾還有一種獨特增強體魄的方法，那就是扛米。是的，妳你們沒聽錯，吾也沒搞錯。家父是位智慧型的嚴父，對他真的是又敬又怕。有一天吾鼓起勇氣，向他說吾想去幫家裡買米，他卻微笑的應允。這也是吾降生娑婆世間，首次體驗十公斤重，左右手各扛五公斤米的滋味。再加上那段路段來回，彷彿心中有首非常著名的詩在吟著，那即是：

鋤禾日當午，
汗滴禾下土。
誰知盤中餐，
粒粒皆辛苦。（一笑）

這種滋味實在是有夠勁！回到家時，家父依然微笑以對。雖然這初次買米的覺受，既新鮮又「夠勁」，吾並沒有退縮的心念，吾認爲這是很好的回報機會，也確實達於強健體魄。

吾，玳瑚師父，忠心祝願大家智慧增長，能辨別真偽，破除邪說歪道，無有恐怖，無顛倒妄想，快樂自在，究竟離苦。好些著重於外表的人，爲了擁有曼妙的身段，得以達於人衣合一的境界，（一笑）破釜沉舟式「棄米投美」，尤其是女有情眾。事實是她們不懂米，對於人體的益處。米是含著天上的甘露，地中的靈氣而生，是人類生存能量重要的來源。它可用來解毒、除煞、化煞、開光、治病、美容、護膚等等。很多女性瘦身減肥後，成功後身體卻有恙，原因雖有幾個，但不離因沒食米飯。潮州多出美女是事實，潮州美女的特徵在鳳眼膚白。爲什麼？因爲潮州人多以粥，及清蒸食物爲飲食習慣。米所含之豐富礦物質，乃人體所需重要礦物質。

米的種類有多種，一般我們較常看見的有，珍珠米、印度米、泰國香米、糙米、糯米，等等。這些米種皆有它們各自所屬之五行。若妳你確實清楚，妳你本身所需之喜用神，妳你可以選購旺妳你的米種，天天食之天天旺。這招本是發財的第一步，如此簡單如此實惠，可憐愚夫愚婦迷信不通，花巨額亂搞瞎搞的，搞了精疲力盡，始終搞慘自己及家人。如今吾，玳瑚師父，憐憫眾生而傳授此法，願得者利己亦利她他，多積陰德才好。買對了米，就將米用木質米桶裝起，再貼上一個滿字於米桶外。這是發財第二招。若妳你想將米桶置於櫥櫃的外上方，就請妳你將米桶隔離窗口，較聚氣處爲好。這是發財第三招。米桶發財法，人人能做，家家戶戶能做。豐衣足食的日子，已不遠啦！

............................

When I was still a youth, one day, I suddenly realized that I was perhaps too thin and it was time to beef up my physique. Firstly, I would be able to protect the people around me, and also look better and healthier on the whole. Thus, I increased my food intake, borrowed a pair of 9kg dumbbells from my classmate, diligently did push-ups and sit-ups, as well as used other exercising equipment. These were my indoor exercises. As for my outdoor activities, I mostly and frequently did swimming. My favorite strokes in the pool then were breast-stroke and the butterfly stroke. After every lap, I liked to get onto dry land and do sit-ups and push-ups. I dare not say how great my body was, however I did received praises from other men and women. At the very least, I did not have excess fat hanging off me.

Besides those indoor and outdoor body-building activities, I also had a special training method: carry rice sacks. Yes, you heard it correct. My father was an intelligent but strict disciplinarian, and I was often afraid yet in awe of him. One day, I summoned my courage and told him that I would like to help buy rice for the household. He agreed with a slight smile. Ever since my birth into this Samsara world, this was my first time experiencing the weight of lifting 10kg rice, with my left and right hands carrying 5kg respectively. Coupled with the journey to and fro, a famous Chinese poem seemed to sing from my heart:

Neath the midday sun he hoes his crops
His sweat moistens the soil between the stalks
Of food on the table who recalls
Each grain is produced through bitter toil

This experience was indeed something! As I got home, my dad still greeted me with a slight smile. Although my first experience of buying rice was refreshing and tough, I did not have any thought of backing off. I considered it as a good opportunity to repay my parents, and to strengthen my physique at the same time.

Master Dai Hu sincerely wish that everyone would gain wisdom and discern the true from the false, destroy evil speech and dishonest practices, not have fear and deranged delusions, have bliss and freedom and finally leave the realm of sufferings. There are many people who place a huge self-importance on their physical appearance. To have a graceful figure so as to reach the level of being one with their clothing, (laughs), they would burn their boats and forsake eating rice, all in the name of beauty. This is especially common among the ladies. The fact is that these ladies do not understand the benefits of eating rice for the human body.

The rice grain is birthed from the dew of Heaven and the spiritual qi of earth. It is an important source of survival energy for humans. It can serve as an antidote to poison, for removal and transformation of vile energies, consecration, curing of illnesses, beauty care, skincare, etc. After losing weight successfully, many ladies get stricken with ailments. Although there are several reasons to this, it is not far from not consuming rice. The city of Chao Zhou is famed for producing beauties, renowned for their distinctive elegant and almond-shaped eyes and porcelain skins. Why is that so? Because rice porridge and steamed food are staple foods of the people in Chao Zhou. The rice minerals prevalent in rice are vital minerals that the human body needs.

There are numerous types of rice, with the commonly seen grains like the pearl rice, Indian basmati rice, the Thai jasmine rice, brown rice, glutinous rice, etc. These various grains each have their own elemental types. If you are very clear about your favourable elements in your Bazi, you can purchase the suitable grain type, to gain prosperity everyday through your daily consumption. This is the first technique to striking great wealth. It is simple yet brings practical benefits. I pity the misbelieving men and women, who spent huge money only to act ignorantly, get drained of energy, and at the end, brought nothing but trouble to themselves and their families.

Today, I, Master Dai Hu, impart this method out of compassion for the sentient beings, and hope that those who benefits pay it forward to accumulate more hidden merits. After purchasing the right type of grains, store it in a wooden rice bin, and paste a paper, with the Chinese character "滿" written on it, onto the bin exterior. This is the second technique to more riches.

If you wish to place the rice bin on top of a cabinet, please place it away from the window, even better if it is at a spot that can accumulate Qi. This is the third step to greater wealth. This method of striking riches with your rice bin is applicable for everyone and every household. Get ready to welcome the days of great harvest and rice clothing!

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【開放預購】PRE-ORDER OPEN
《向善向上 2》Towards Kindness, Towards Betterment 2

30則真人真事的度眾故事 30 real-life deliverance stories of Master Dai Hu
全彩色的漫畫 Comics in full colour illustration
中英文翻譯 In both English & Mandarin
約200頁 About 200 pages

此書將於2018年11月底抵達新加坡，目前開放預購，預計11月30日之前以Smartpac寄出 （本地郵寄），屆時也會在台灣金石堂書局同步上架。價格大眾化，包涵全球運送，無需再付郵資。
歡迎大家踴躍支持，人手一冊，也可將此書贈送給鄉親父老、親朋好友，帶領他們向善向上，迎接更美好的未來！

https://booklaunch.io/masterdaihu/towardskindness2
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This book will reach the shores of Singapore in end-November 2018. Right now, the pre-order is open and the books are estimated to be mailed out through Smartpac, by 30 November. At the same time, it will be on the shelves of Taiwan KingStone bookshop.

The economical price includes global delivery (Smartpac mailing for Singapore addressees, registered mail for overseas mailing).

https://booklaunch.io/masterdaihu/towardskindness2

《互相尊重的認知》
Understanding Mutual Respect (English version below)

吾有兩位女學生，犯了佛教的「不飲酒」戒。

一位30歲左右的，說是公司聚會，上司一直叫她喝，不好拒絕。吾弟子問她，明明是白領佳人，難不成還得兼職「陪酒小姐」？

這位學生，也因爲飲酒，而多次欺騙老公與公婆，說是在公司加班。

另一位學生是位中年婦女。她受老闆之託，旅行回國時幫老闆買酒。她也說，不懂得如何拒絕老闆。

這位中年婦女與吾皈依同一位根本上師，當代法王蓮生活佛，卻藐視根本上師的教義，忤逆吾的教誨。她從不好好閱讀根本上師的文集與開示，一直祇求吾以風水八字來解決她家人的問題，治標不治本。

因此，她忽略了師佛近期的開示：「拿酒給人喝，犯了不飲酒戒，五百世沒有手。」

（如蚯蚓等動物。）

這兩位學生，同樣的都沒告訴老闆她們的戒律。

妳自己都不尊敬妳的信仰，不會有人尊重妳的信仰。

如果妳不開妳的金口，介紹妳信仰的戒律給他人，他人又怎麼知道妳有這條戒律呢？

如果說出來了，他自然不會叫妳買酒或帶妳去喝酒。

自己要先有守戒的精神。如果妳沒有，妳一定也是爲了不好意思或怕炒魷魚，就這樣犯戒。

這個世界上不是只有一份工作可以做。

如果妳明知故犯，折了這個福，妳認為妳未來還會有好的發展嗎？

我們所要的一切都是建立在德。

天，因爲有德，所以常覆，地有德，所以常載，日月星有德，所以常照。

人要有德，才能夠常順、常旺、常樂。

妳不能說妳怕拒絕，以免什麼會發生在妳身上。東家不打打西家，人要有志氣，要有守戒的精神，才會得善神的擁護。

妳自己都不尊重妳的信仰，試問人家怎麼會尊重妳的信仰呢？他看妳也不過是那種人，可能暗地裡還瞧不起妳，覺得妳外表說妳已皈依，原來妳根本沒有皈依，還是犯戒。

千萬不要這樣做。

做爲一個老闆，一個上司，必須要以德服人。下屬因爲是你的員工，她當然不敢得罪你，冒犯你，因爲她需要這個薪水來養家或過活。就算她爲了順從你，而犯戒，你在她心中的形象一定大打折扣。如果有一天，她有了另外一份工作邀約，她一定不考慮就走，因爲她覺得你是一個敗德的上司，不值得她忠心。

如果她留下來，那必定只有一個原因，因爲她也敗德。敗德的上司 + 敗德的下屬，能做出什麼好成績來？

學佛人，得懂得匡正自己，也匡正別人，所以必須得解釋給妳老闆，或任何不明白的人，妳你爲何會拒絕他做某樣事情，尤其是買賣酒、買賣煙、買賣色情刊物等等。

大家要明白什麼叫戒律，戒律不是有宗教信仰的人，才要守的律法。戒律是一個正人君子的準則，是止惡揚善的基礎，根本沒有分誰應該守。

只要是人，都必須守。走在正道上，沒有過失下，才不會損失我們的福德。

那位中年婦女的老闆，「勸」吾的學生不必執著戒律，佛陀不是說斷執著嗎？

沒有皈依學佛的，千萬不要不懂裝懂，以免斷人慧命，造了殺生業。

佛陀涅槃時，阿難問佛：「佛在世時，我們以佛為師，佛滅度後大眾以何為師呢？」

佛言：「以戒為師。」

喝酒，會亂人本性，生出無量的過失，如酒後駕駛、醉酒打人、儀態盡失、胡言亂語、淫慾熾盛、惡人相近等等。

一位老客人，七旬老翁，生性節儉。一家大小雖是佛教徒，老翁卻酗酒成性。長子乃吾弟子，之前爲了迎合父親要求，常買酒「供養」他。

後來，媳婦（也是吾弟子也）顧及老翁的健康和戒律，阻止先生助紂為虐，也勸其家婆、小姑和弟弟不要買酒，卻惹來老翁辱罵長子：「沒有用！」

事隔數年，老翁喝壞了身體，今年年中入院開刀。吾於心不忍，以玄學來幫助這位老客人能早日康復。

喝酒的人愚癡，送酒的人愚孝。

吾，玳瑚師父，滴酒不沾，任何有酒精的食物，吾也不食。不飲酒者，有何果報？

意念清明，智慧超群，不會精神分裂、不會神智恍惚、不會胡思亂想，更不會被迷惑。

⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯

2 of my female students flouted the Buddhism precept of abstinence from alcohol.

One of them, in her early 30s, told me that it was a company gathering, and her supervisor egged her to drink. She could not refuse. My disciple asked her, isn't it absurd that as a white-collared employee, she has to "part-time" as a drinking hostess?

This student of mine also lied to her husband and parents-in-laws numerous times, that she was working overtime when, in fact, she was out drinking.

Another student of mine is a middle-aged lady, who was requested by her superior to buy duty-free alcohol on her return from travelling. She also told me that she did not know how to say no to her boss.

This lady, like me, took refuge under the same Root Guru, Living Buddha Lian Sheng. However, she blantantly ignored His Teachings and my reminders. She did not diligently read the Dharma books and discourses from our Root Guru Master, yet always sought my help in Feng Shui and Bazi to solve her family woes. This is not solving the root causes at all.

Hence, she missed out on a recent Dharma discourse by our Root Guru: If you give alcohol to others, you are breaking the precept of abstinence from alcohol, and the consequence is 500 rebirths without limbs.

(Eg. like a millipede)

These 2 students did not tell their superiors of their precepts.

If you do not respect your own faith, nobody will give your faith the due respect too.

If you don't break your silence and let others know about the precepts in your religion, how would others know about your precept on abstinence from alcohol?

If you voice it out, naturally your superior will not ask you to buy alcohol nor bring you along for drinking sessions.

You must first have the spirit to uphold the precepts, lacking which you will be easily swayed by situations such as embarrassment or fear of losing your job, and eventually flouting the precepts.

There is more than one job for you in this world.

If you flout the precepts intentionally, and lose your merits, what good future do you think is left for you?

Our merit and virtues are the source of all that we desire.

The Heavens and Earth have virtues , therefore can encompass all. The Sun, moon and the stars have virtues, hence their never ending radiance.

Man must have virtues, in order to enjoy peace, prosperity and bliss.

You cannot give the excuse that you fear the consequence of saying no. There is always another job out there. A person must have higher aspirations, and the willpower to observe the precepts in order to be blessed by the virtuous gods.

If you do not respect your own faith, how would another person respect it? He will not be impressed, and may even secretly despise you for being a hypocrite in taking refuge, as you are not steadfast in upholding your precepts.

Do not ever do this.

As a boss, as a superior, you must command the respect of your subordinates with your merits and virtues. It is natural that your subordinate will not dare to offend you because she needs the job and salary to make a living or feed their families.

Even if she follow your instructions, at the expense of flouting her precepts, deep in her heart, she will think lesser of you. If one day she receives another job offer, she will not hesitate to leave you because she feel that you are lacking in virtues and unworthy of her loyalty.

If she stays on, then it must be for the reason that she too is lacking in virtues. A non-virtuous superior + a non-virtuous employee, what good result can they produce?

A practicing Buddhist must learn to correct oneself, and others. Therefore, you need to explain to you boss, or any other people who do not understand your rationale, why you refuse to help him/her in certain things such as buying alcohol, cigarettes, R-rated publications, etc.

Everyone must understand what exactly precepts are. It is not applicable solely to people with a religious faith. Precepts are the cornerstone of a upright and righteous human being. They are the foundation of spreading goodness and curbing the non-virtuous in us, and applicable to every one of us

As long as you are human, you should observe the precepts. Walking on the right path, and not committing any sin, will ensure that our merits are not taken away.

The boss of my middle-aged student "advised" her not to be too attached to the precepts. Didn't Buddha proclaim non-attachment? So said the boss.

If one has not taken refuge and properly learn the Dharma, please do not behave like a know-it-all and dish out irresponsible "advice" to others. This grave act of recklessness may destroy the life of wisdom in the listener, akin to the act of killing.

When Lord Buddha was about to enter Nirvana, his disciple, Ananda, asked, "When the Buddha is in this world, He is revered as our Teacher. But when the Buddha enters Nirvana, who should we follow as our Teacher?"

Buddha expounded: "I have already given you the precepts. The precepts are your teacher".

Drinking alcohol will create chaos to the human nature, and countless sins arise, such as drunk driving, drunk fighting, loss of etiquette, blabbering of nonsense, sexual indecency, attracting bad company, etc.

An old client of mine, in his 70s, lives frugally. Together with his wife and children, they are Buddhists. However, the elderly man is an alcoholic.

His eldest son is my disciple. Previously, to make his father happy, he would buy him liquor and beer whenever the elderly man asks for it.

Subsequently, his wife (also my disciple) prevented him from buying alcohol, out of consideration for the elderly man's health and their precepts. They also told the mother and younger siblings to refrain from buying.

However, all the eldest son got was a bellow of "Useless son!" from the elderly man.

A few years later, alcoholism took a toil on the old man and he was warded for an operation in the middle of this year.

I pitied him and helped him towards a smoother recovery with my Metaphysics abilities.

Deluded is the man who drinks.

Ignorant is the filial piety of the children who feed his alcoholism.

I have abstained from intoxicants for over a decade, and neither do I consume food with alcohol in it.

What are the merits from such abstinence?

Beside mental clarity and supreme wisdom, one will not be stricken with schizophrenia, mental disarray, mental disturbance and fall prey to temptations.