英文學術寫作寶典 7: Being Critical 批判思考句型 1

Ready for more academic phrases?

最新的學術寫作片語在這裡，希望可以幫助大家寫出好文章!

例句和音檔: https://bit.ly/3aqaQcP

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As an academic writer, you are expected to be critical of the sources that you use. This essentially means questioning what you read and not necessarily agreeing with it just because the information has been published. Being critical can also mean looking for reasons why we should not just accept something as being correct or true. This can require you to identify problems with a writer’s arguments or methods, or perhaps to refer to other people’s criticisms of these. Constructive criticism goes beyond this by suggesting ways in which a piece of research or writing could be improved.

… being against is not enough. We also need to develop habits of constructive thinking.

Edward de Bono

作為一名學術作者，你應該對所使用的資源持批判態度；這本質上意味著要對閱讀的內容有所質疑而非點頭稱是，僅因該資訊是被發布的。批判也可能意味著尋找原因，我們不應直接接受某些東西是正確或真實的；這可能需要找出作者的論點或方法存在的問題，或者可能要參考其他人對這些論點或方法的評論。極具建設性的批評透過提出改進研究或寫作的方法來予以指教。

「 ...僅僅反對是不夠的。我們還需要養成建設性思考的習慣。」

——愛德華·德·波諾，心理學家，在1960年代末期提出「水平思考」方式，改變了日常人採用「垂直思考」方式容易出現的問題。

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英文學術寫作寶典

議題介紹: http://bit.ly/2YeHhVZ

解釋因果關係: http://bit.ly/3rinvpd

比較與對比: http://bit.ly/3rXYvDX

舉例: http://bit.ly/3kf0ota

表達轉換主題的信號 1: http://bit.ly/3rgyBLI

表達轉換主題的信號 2: http://bit.ly/3l4mdMo

撰寫英文學術寫作寶典 (教學影片) Intro Video
https://youtu.be/t2WfYDQH_9U

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完整的片語詞庫大全 Complete Phrasebank:
http://www.phrasebank.manchester.ac.uk/

精簡版: http://bit.ly/3i5iWuY

詞彙區別: https://bit.ly/2OJETlb

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如何用新聞學習英文: http://bit.ly/3nSvKpQ

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Make a sentence with the phrases below!

[專頁公告] 英文學習「生態系」更新

English Learning Ecosystem Update

As I began exploring Instagram, I struggled to find a way to deliver useful academic content. Instagram posts typically focus on images, short clips, and concise text, which are attention grabbing but not always entirely conducive to language learning. I looked over the posts of established Instagram English learning accounts, and experimented with vocabulary posts and even news posts for a couple of weeks. Not wanting to post just images, I thought about creating something new even with the rigid format of the platform.

當我開始研究怎麼用IG，我想盡了各種辦法，希望能提供大家一些實用的學術內容。 IG 的特色著重在圖片、短片以及簡潔的文字，這樣的方式雖然很容易引人注目，卻不全然有助於語言學習。我瀏覽了 IG 上英文教學網紅的貼文，並在這幾週嘗試發了一些學術單字與新聞相關的文章。我並不想只是發一些圖片，而思考著要如何在既有框架下創作一些新的東西。

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A tenet of using tech in education is to engage students with what they are familiar with, not give them an entirely new platform that is difficult to use. So, how could I create a new series of Instagram posts that is both educational and unique? I thought about my goal to disseminate academic English resources, and how I could leverage my experience as a curriculum writer and voice recording artist for public school textbooks.

一個使用科技進行教育的原則是用學生熟悉的方式與他們互動，而非用了全新的平台卻使他們難以學習。那麼，我應該如何創作獨特且具教育意義的一系列全新 IG 發文呢？我想到了我傳遞學術英文資源的目標，以及思考到該如何發揮身為教科書編輯者與音頻錄製者的經驗。

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So far, this is what I have at the moment. I will post Word of the Day (每日一詞), high frequency vocabulary words that you see in academic texts and sometimes on the news. These Tier 2 academic vocabulary words are not exclusive to a single domain and complement the theme-based approach I’ve taken with my mind-mapping vocabulary class. You can find other vocabulary learning methods here.

這是我目前所想到的內容：我會發布「每日一詞」，也就是學術文章或是新聞中有時出現的高頻字彙。這些Tier 2學術詞彙並不限於單個領域，更補充了我在心智圖詞彙攻略課程中採用的主題式學習法。你還可以在下面網站找到其他詞彙學習方法。

🎓 詞彙學習方法：http://bit.ly/2JGXKvK

In these posts, I added the pronunciation, collocation, and example sentences of each word for students. These words will be helpful to university-level students who often read academic texts and the news. Students can access them by simply clicking on the hashtag 學術英語單字.

在這些貼文中，我為學生提供了發音、搭配用法和例句。這些單字會對經常閱讀學術文章和新聞的大學程度學生有所幫助。學生只要點貼文上的＃學術英語單字即可看到貼文。

🎓 學術英文單字: https://bit.ly/3cxH091

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To help students use more precise and common academic phrases, I then added Academic Phrases (每日一句), set phrases that appear in both academic speech and writing. These phrases have varying functions from introducing a topic to comparing and contrasting ideas. There is a difference between speech and writing, so I picked words that could be used for both. If one is used only in a specific context, I will make note of it in the video recording. This series of posts will help students with language output, and can be found under the following hashtag 學術英語片語.

為了幫助學生使用更精準、更道地的常見學術用語，我們接著會進入「每日一句」，也就是在學術演說與寫作中常見的用語。這些片語具有不同的功能，範圍涵蓋介紹主題到比較、對比想法等等。而演講和寫作之間也有不同，所以我選擇了都可以使用的片語。如果只能在特定情況下使用，我會在影片中特別說明。該系列文章將會幫助學生提高語言輸出能力，可以在 # 學術英語片語找到。

🎓 學術英文片語: https://bit.ly/3aqaQcP

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Last, I will follow up with an abridged version of breaking news (時事英文) with high frequency collocations and audio recordings. This will provide students with the input of not only individual words, but how to use them in output (speech and writing) with context. While all these news posts might seem independent at first, I will eventually link and organize them by theme when there are enough posts. Along with my news class, these extra posts will help students stay aware of current events, acquire set phrases used in journalism, and develop critical thinking. These posts can currently be found under the hashtag EEL時事英文.

最後，我們會跟進精簡版的「時事英文」，其中包含高頻搭配詞與錄音資料。這些內容不僅可以提供你們輸入單字，而且可以幫助你們知道如何搭配情境輸出，再將這些內容使用在口說與寫作中。這些貼文一開始雖然看似獨立，當素材足夠後我會再將他們進行連結與整理。這些貼文和我的新聞課程將幫助學生維持對時事的敏銳度，掌握新聞中使用的固定用法，並養成批判性思維。這些貼文目前可以在 # EEL時事英文。

🎓 批判性思考問題大全: http://bit.ly/34rdtJ7

🎓 EEL時事英文: https://bit.ly/36tDusv

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There is a lot more I want to do to create an ecosystem of free academic English learning materials. I will continue modifying our post format to meet your needs, but these are my plans for Instagram thus far. Join us on our journey to make bilingual academic English resources more readily available to all! Let’s continue to learn and grow together!

建立免費的學術英文學習系統是件大工程，我會持續修改我們發文的格式以符合你們的需求與習慣，這些只是我目前 IG 學術英語學習計畫的一部分。加入我們的旅程來讓雙語的學術英文資源更加普及！讓我們一起學習與成長！

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🎓 學術英文單字: https://bit.ly/3cxH091

🎓 學術英文片語: https://bit.ly/3aqaQcP

🎓 EEL時事英文: https://bit.ly/36tDusv

🎓 批判性思考問題大全：http://bit.ly/34rdtJ7

🎓 該如何學習英文？http://bit.ly/3inxdCP

「每日英文閱讀分享#031-三步驟，讓你輕鬆適應退休生活」​
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好拉，這篇選文完全不適合我的年紀XDD​
但是跟大家在連假前稍稍幻想一下～​
退休後的生活，很多的跟自己的相處，​
最近一直有想去閉關一週的想法，​
多一些跟自己的對話與探索，​
真正了解自己想要成為與想要擁有的。​
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Ps今天又上了一堂超棒的課，需要消化一下，明天再來跟大家分享！​
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一、 投資在personal relationship​
親密的關係是造成快樂的最主要原因，不是錢，也不是名聲！而是關係。​
這我也感同身受，看過很多快樂的人，都不是真的擁有的多少財富，​
而是打從心底滿足自己的生活。也看過一個有趣的研究，​
他們調查那些成功的人都擁有的，其實是一段親密關係。​

二、 Create networks beyond the office​
多去參加其他的活動，或是去當年輕人的mentor！​
其實我也非常同意要去找一個興趣，並非嗜好！​
興趣是能夠在學習當中更投入，最後變成專精的事物。​
這對老人來說是非常重要的，​
常常身為工作狂的我們都會忙到沒有時間發展自己的嗜好，​
但到最後抽掉工作後，​
你能做什麼？​

三、 Find new outlets.​
例如當企業中或是年輕企業的mentor，或是當實習生，跟『The intern』一樣，用完全不同的思維與角度去衝擊現存的想法，是很不一樣的體驗！​
這個我也覺得很酷！​
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作者提到，很少有企業重視退休的規劃，​
退休也常常只被專注在『財務』的議題上面，​
但是其實最重要的並不只是這些！​
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今天要跟大家分享的片語是：【pan out】​
給大家翻譯：to develop in a particular way or in a successful way​
例句：Their attempt to start a new business didn't pan out.—Cambridge Dictionary ​
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文中例句：Unfortunately, retirement didn’t pan out quite the way he’d hoped. ​
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#言之有物​
#英語學習​
#商業英文​
#BusinessEnglish​
#Retirement ​
#每日英文閱讀分享​
#一起來建立英文閱讀習慣吧