0407紐約時報

*【儘管問題日益嚴重，美國仍對疫苗製造商下了很大賭注】
八年前，聯邦政府投資了一項針對大流行期間疫苗短缺的保險政策，政府付錢給馬里蘭州一家以生產炭疽疫苗而聞名的生物技術公司Emergent BioSolutions，讓它在巴爾的摩成為一家隨時準備就緒的工廠。當冠狀病毒大流行到來時，這家工廠成為嬌生和阿斯特捷利康在美國的主要冠毒疫苗生產地，截至上周，生產了約1.5億劑疫苗。但卻沒有一劑疫苗可以使用，因為監管機構尚未認證該工廠允許向公眾分發疫苗。Emergent表示，在發現疫苗污染事件後，該公司銷毀1500萬劑的嬌生疫苗。急救人員和政府衛生官員長期以來一直標榜他們的合作關係密切，但《紐約時報》對其調查，發現問題嚴重，其中包括經常忽視或轉移失誤的企業文化和政府贊助者，生物醫學高級研究與發展局（Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority），與其說是“監督”，不如說是商業合作夥伴。
https://www.nytimes.com/2021/04/06/us/covid-vaccines-emergent-biosolutions.html

*【變種毒株不斷傳播，美國針對變種冠毒研究進展卻停滯不前】
自從12月份開始注射第一劑疫苗以來， 推廣速度加快了，最近達到了每天超過三百萬劑的平均水準。美國的新病例在今年第一季度呈急劇下降的趨勢，從一月中旬到三月底下降了近80％。此期間，各州還撤銷了病毒控制措施，不過，更具傳染性的變種毒株仍在傳播，新病例比3月份的最低點高出近20％。過去幾週，密西根州的病例上升最快。根據Helix的數據，B.1.1.7是在英國首次發現的更易傳播，更致命的冠狀病毒變種，現在可能佔該州所有新病例的約70％。
https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2021/04/06/us/variants-cases-spread.html

*【Covid-19實時更新】
#大約80％的學校教職員工和兒童保育人員已接種一劑疫苗。
#加州官員宣布，計劃在6月15日解封，前提是有足夠的Covid-19疫苗可供16歲以上的人群使用，並且住院率仍然較低且穩定。
#拜登總統表示，正在加快速度，希望在4月19日前，各州所有成年人都已施打冠狀病毒疫苗。
#德州州長Greg Abbott發布新行政命令，接受國家資助的政府機構，私人企業和機構，不得要求人們出示證明已接種冠狀病毒疫苗的證據。他表示，疫苗接種是私人健康信息，沒有人應透露疫苗接種是從事正常活動的條件。但在療養院和類似的護理設施，則是例外，必須要求提供疫苗接種狀況證明文件。
#歐盟藥品管理局(European Medicines Agency，EMA)疫苗部門負責人Marco Cavaleri刊出的一項專訪中說，阿斯特捷利康的COVID-19疫苗與大腦中非常罕見的血栓之間有關聯；但可能的原因仍然未知。與阿斯特捷利康合作開發疫苗的牛津大學表示，已經暫停一項針對英國兒童和青少年接種臨床試驗，等待英國藥物監管機構的進一步調查報告。
#在過去一年中，為Nike，沃爾瑪和貝納通等公司代工廠的工人因訂單取消而失業，供應商大規模裁員或關閉卻無法領到遣散費。一項調查公布了在9個國家/地區，31家出口服裝工廠，共有37,637名工人因其原因被解僱，沒有得到他們合法應得的全部遣散費，總計3,980萬美元。
#紐西蘭宣佈將與澳洲構建“旅遊泡泡”。該政策預計將於4月19日實施，兩國居民將被允許在無需隔離的情況下自由往返。
#沙烏地阿拉伯表示，將在穆斯林齋月期間，限制進入麥加大清真寺的人數，而這些人必須接受疫苗接種或已經罹患新冠病毒帶有抗體已經康復。
https://www.nytimes.com/live/2021/04/06/world/covid-vaccine-coronavirus-cases?type=styln-live-updates&label=coronavirus%20updates&index=0&action=click&module=Spotlight&pgtype=Homepage

*【美國和伊朗同意就重回伊核協議做出努力】
在維也納舉行的間接會談中，美國和伊朗同意建立兩個工作組，同步推進解除制裁和限制濃縮鈾，最終使兩國重新遵守2015年的伊朗核協議。儘管已經達成共識，由於技術上的複雜性和雙方的低信任度，恢復協議仍需時間。
https://www.nytimes.com/2021/04/06/world/europe/iran-nuclear-deal.html

*【參議院研擬如何有助於推動拜登計劃在國會通過】
佛蒙特州獨立黨參議員Bernie Sanders表示，可以利用複雜的預算對帳流程來確保拜登基建計劃幾個關鍵優先事項。預算委員會主席桑德斯說:細節在於魔鬼，我們還不知道細節，這必須進行談判，並更好地理解。這為我們提供了不止一項立法的可能性，這顯然對我們正在嘗試做的事情有利。
https://www.nytimes.com/2021/04/06/us/politics/senate-reconciliation-biden.html

*【”我們註定活不下去”：風暴造成的破壞助長了宏都拉斯的遷徙】
宏都拉斯剛剛開始從去年底的兩次颶風中恢復過來，但由於美國提供的救災物資相對較少，許多人展開遷徙之路。宏都拉斯的孩子們用棍子撬開泥土，試圖挖出部分已經沉沒在地下的房屋。他們的父母無法養活他們，只能在瓦礫中尋找屋頂的殘餘物，然後再把它們賣給廢鐵商。一個七個孩子的母親說，我們在這裡註定活不下去。在此之前，多數早就離開宏都拉斯前往美國，幫派暴力、經濟苦難和販毒分子猖獗，但政府漠視不管，讓民眾不得不離開。
https://www.nytimes.com/2021/04/06/world/americas/migration-honduras-central-america.html

*【曼哈頓亞裔襲擊事件旁觀門衛被解雇】
視頻顯示，當菲律賓裔婦女在曼哈頓一棟公寓樓外的街道上遭受攻擊倒地時，公寓內的門房沒有及時干預，反而關上了大門。儘管後來的調查顯示，在襲擊發生之後，兩名大堂工作人員走出公寓幫助被襲者並叫來一輛警車，但他們仍被公寓管理者解雇。
https://www.nytimes.com/2021/04/06/nyregion/anti-asian-attack-midtown-doormen-fired.html

*【佛洛伊德案庭審第七日:重點轉至Derek Chauvin行為是否違反警方政策】
第一周的審判帶來了旁觀者情緒激動的證詞，週二則更多關注程式合規性。專家證人稱Derek Chauvin“武力使用過度”，他的行為並不符合他所接受的訓練。
https://www.nytimes.com/live/2021/04/06/us/derek-chauvin-trial?_ga=2.161206909.1717067996.1617675198-1305779676.1608620621

*【中國如何推動大規模疫苗接種？從提供免費霜淇淋開始】
在疫情幾乎得到控制的情況下，中國居民沒有接種疫苗的緊迫感，他們也因該行業過去的醜聞持謹慎態度。為使疫苗接種人數在6月底達到5.6億人，中國龐大的地方官僚機構正在快速運轉。從高壓手段，到消費主義誘餌，他們採取了多種威迫利誘的策略，試圖在全球疫苗接種行列中迎頭趕上。
https://www.nytimes.com/2021/04/06/world/asia/china-vaccination-drive.html

*【IMF看好全球經濟復甦形勢】
國際貨幣基金組織表示，由於數億人已接種疫苗，該機構將把2021年的全球經濟增長預期從5.5%上調至6%。去年，全球經濟收縮3.3%。
https://www.nytimes.com/2021/04/06/business/imf-outlook-global-economy.html

*【新世界專欄：當愛國主義成為賣點，中國品牌從“抵制潮”中看到機會】
中國正在經歷一場消費品牌革命。中國的年輕一代更加民族主義，積極尋找與自信的中國人身份相符的品牌。創業者們爭先恐後地打造能夠引起共鳴的品牌和產品。
https://cn.nytimes.com/china/20210406/china-xinjiang-local-brands/

*【中國在爭議水域部署大量船隻，加強對南海控制】
繼建造和加固人工島嶼之後，中國開始在爭議水域部署大量船隻，加強存在感並有效反抗他國驅逐。隨著中國信心增強，美國及東南亞國家在南海面臨更多考驗。
https://cn.nytimes.com/china/20210406/swarms-ships-south-china-sea/

*【觀點：英美真的在遵守和維護國際法嗎？】
拜登政府的外交政策強調“法治”，試圖利用國際法規則體系約束中國的南海主張。但作為華盛頓的盟友，英國的所作所為正在破壞這一努力。
https://cn.nytimes.com/opinion/20210402/uk-mauritius-china-us/

*【澳洲政壇女性喊出Me Too】
自一名前立法機構工作人員指控一名高級別同事在國防部長辦公室性侵她後，六周以來，已有數千名女性站出來分享她們的故事，一些人把議會描繪成一個充滿睾丸激素的地堡。各黨派的女性都表示，她們在努力工作時被猥褻、侮辱、忽視和打斷，而只要她們對這種行為提出質疑，就會面臨一連串的攻擊。
https://www.nytimes.com/2021/04/05/world/australia/parliament-women-rape-metoo.html

*【納瓦尼私人醫生稱其健康狀況堪憂，隨後被逮捕】
俄羅斯反對派領袖納瓦尼已被監禁數月，據信近期出現背部疼痛和雙腿麻木的症狀。納瓦尼私人醫生向記者表示，監獄裡的粗糙醫療對他的健康構成致命威脅，隨後這位元醫生和數名記者均被逮捕。
https://www.nytimes.com/2021/04/06/world/europe/russia-navalny-health.html

*【約旦試圖平息王室不和，但王子盟友仍被拘留】
該國王室稱哈姆扎王子已向其同父異母的哥哥、國王阿卜杜拉二世宣誓效忠，但禁止新聞媒體和社交媒體用戶討論這一罕見的公開衝突。此前約旦政府稱，哈姆扎王子參與了一場破壞王國穩定的陰謀。
https://www.nytimes.com/2021/04/06/world/middleeast/jordan-prince-hamzah-allies.html

*【星巴克宣佈將在2025年前在韓國停止使用一次性杯子】
根據該政策，顧客將為一種可重複使用的飲料杯支付押金，在非接觸式售貨亭退還杯子時，押金將被退還。這一計畫將於今年夏天開始在部分店鋪實行。
https://www.nytimes.com/2021/04/06/business/starbucks-disposable-cups-south-korea.html

原文臉書無法分享，以下感謝Karrie Hs 的分享與她的友人所翻譯的文章。文長但重要必看😷
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勞里·加勒特（Laurie Garrett）是美國著名女記者，是獲得皮博迪獎（The Peabody Award）、喬治 · 伯克獎（George Polk Award）和普利茲獎（Pulitzer Award）三大著名新聞獎的第一人。現為美國對外關係委員會全球衛生高級研究員。

她曾對艾博拉、SARS 等大型傳染病和公共健康危機都做過實地考察與深度研究，出版了《失信：全球公共衛生事業之癱瘓》《流行天下！傳染病的世界》《逼近的瘟疫》等多部關於傳染病與公共衛生的著作。

對於這一次的2019-nCoV病毒帶來的恐慌，她撰文講述了自己面對傳染病的經驗與知識，以及10個在疫情期間保護自己的預防措施，大家應該看一看。

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01.
When you leave your home, wear gloves—winter mittens or outdoor gloves—and keep them on in subways, buses, and public spaces.
出門離家時，戴上手套——冬天的手套或是戶外手套都可以——任何公共場合包括地鐵，公車或公共場所都不要脫下來。

02.
If you are in a social situation where you should remove your gloves, perhaps to shake hands or dine, do not touch your face or eyes, no matter how much something itches. Keep your hands away from contact with your face. And before you put your gloves back on, wash your hands thoroughly with soap and warm water, scrubbing the fingers. Put your gloves on.
在某些需要脫下手套的社交場合，比如握手和吃飯時，不要用手接觸你的臉或眼睛，不管有多癢都不要讓你的手接觸你的臉。在戴回手套前，用溫水和肥皂仔細洗手，好好搓洗手指，再戴上手套。

03.
Change gloves daily, washing them thoroughly, and avoid wearing damp gloves.
每天更換手套，仔細清洗。不要戴潮濕的手套。

04.
Masks are useless when worn outdoors and may not be very helpful even indoors. Most masks deteriorate after one or two wearings. Using the same mask day after day is worse than useless—it’s disgusting, as the contents of your mouth and nose eventually coat the inside of the mask with a smelly veneer that is attractive to bacteria. I rarely wear a face mask in an epidemic, and I have been in more than 30 outbreaks.
口罩在戶外佩戴時毫無用處，即使在室內用處也不大。大多口罩在被使用一兩次後就被污染了，重覆使用同一口罩比不戴口罩更糟糕。因為從你嘴和鼻子的呼出的物質最終會在口罩內部形成一層十分滋養細菌的，發臭的膜。在傳染病流行期間我很少戴口罩，我曾經經歷過這種狀況超過30次。

Instead, I stay away from crowds, and I keep my distance from individual people—a half meter, about 1.5 feet, is a good standard. If someone is coughing or sneezing, I ask them to put on a mask—to protect me from their potentially contaminated fluids. If they decline, I step a meter (about 3 feet) away from them, or I leave. Don’t shake hands or hug people—politely beg off, saying it’s better for both of you not to come in close contact during an epidemic.
相反，我會遠離人群，並且與個人保持距離——差不多半公尺左右是比較好的標準。要是有人咳嗽或是打噴嚏，我會請他們戴上口罩，來保護我免受潛在的有污染的液體傷害。如果他們拒絕，我會走到一公尺外的距離，或者乾脆離開。不要與人握手或擁抱，告訴對方在傳染病流行期間不要靠太近，這對彼此都好。

05.
Inside your household, remove all of the towels from your bathrooms and kitchen immediately, and replace them with clean towels that have the names of each family member on them. Instruct everybody in your home to only use their own towels and never touch another family member’s. Wash all towels twice a week. Damp towels provide terrific homes for viruses, like common colds, flus, and, yes, coronaviruses.
在家裡要馬上給浴室和廚房都換上乾淨的毛巾，讓家裡每個人都用自己的專屬毛巾，不去觸碰別人的。每週洗兩次毛巾。濕毛巾會為病毒滋生提供溫床，例如普通感冒，流感，以及冠狀病毒。

06.
Be careful with doorknobs. If it’s possible to open and close doors using your elbows or shoulders, do so. Wear gloves to turn a doorknob—or wash your hands after touching it. If anybody in your home takes sick, wash your doorknobs regularly. Similarly, be cautious with stairway banisters, desktops, cell phones, toys, laptops—any objects that are hand-held.
小心門把手，最好用肘部或肩膀去開關門。戴手套去擰門把手，或者在觸摸了門把手後去洗手。如果家裡有病人，定期清潔門把手。同樣，對待樓梯扶手，桌面，手機，玩具，筆記本電腦等任何手持物體都要小心謹慎。

As long as you handle only your own personal objects, you will be ok—but if you need to pick up someone else’s cell phone or cooking tools or use someone else’s computer keyboard, be mindful of not touching your face and wash your hands immediately after touching the object.
只要你只接觸自己的私人物品，就沒什麼問題。但是，如果你需要使用別人的手機，廚具或電腦鍵盤，請注意不要觸摸臉部，並在觸摸物體後立即去洗手。

07.
If you share meals, do not use your personal chopsticks and utensils to remove food from a serving bowl or plate and, of course, tell your children to never drink out of anybody else’s cups or from a container of shared fluid. Place serving spoons in each dish and instruct everybody at the table to scoop what they want from the serving dishes onto their personal plates or bowls, return the serving spoon to the main dish, and then use their personal chopsticks only to pick food from their personal plate or bowl into their mouth.
吃飯時，不要用你自己的筷子和餐具去公碗和盤子裡夾菜。也要告訴你的孩子不要喝別人杯子或者容器里的水。在席上讓每個人使用公勺將盤子里的菜夾到自己的盤子或者碗里，然後將公勺放回公盤，然後用自己的筷子將自己盤子或者碗里的食物送進嘴裡。

Wash all food and kitchenware thoroughly between meals and avoid restaurants that have poor hygiene practices.
飯前仔細清洗食物，飯後仔細清洗餐具，不要去衛生條件不好的餐館用餐。

08.
Absolutely do not buy, slaughter, or consume any live animal or fish until it is known what species was the source of the virus.
在病毒傳播源被發現之前，絕對不要購買，屠宰，或是食用任何生鮮動物和魚類。

09.
When the weather allows, open your windows at home or work, letting your space air out. The virus cannot linger in a well-ventilated space. But of course, if it is cold or the weather is inclement, keep warm and close those windows.
天氣條件允許的情況下，打開家裡或辦公室的窗戶，讓室內空氣流通，病毒無法在通風條件良好的空間裡停留。當然，如果天氣嚴寒，就關窗保暖。

10.
Finally, if you are caring for a friend or family member who is running a fever, always wear a tight-fitting mask when you are near them, and place one on the ailing person (unless they are nauseated).
最後，如果你在照顧得病的朋友或家人，在靠近他們時，一定要時刻佩戴與面部緊貼的口罩，並給他們也戴上（除非他們感到噁心）。

When you replace an old, dirty mask from the face of your friend or loved one be very, very careful—assume, for the sake of your protection, that it is covered in viruses, and handle it while wearing latex gloves, place it inside of a disposable container, seal it, and then put it in the trash. While wearing those latex gloves, gently wash the patient’s face with warm soap and water, using a disposable paper towel or cotton swab, and seal it after use in a container or plastic bag before placing it in your household trash.
當你幫忙從朋友或親人的臉上摘除使用過的臟口罩時，請務必要非常小心——為了保護自己，你必須假設該口罩已被病毒覆蓋，戴上乳膠手套去進行處理，將其放進可丟棄的包裝袋內，密封好，然後再丟進垃圾桶。戴上乳膠手套為患者用紙巾和棉球輕輕地用肥皂和溫水清洗患者的面部，並在使用後將其密封好裝入包裝袋或塑料袋中，然後再丟進家裡的垃圾箱。

Wear long-sleeved shirts and clothing that covers your body when you are caring for your ailing friend or relative. Clean everything your patient wears or touches very thoroughly in hot soapy water, including sheets, towels, and utensils.
在照顧生病的朋友或家人時，要穿上能包裹全身的長袖衣物。用熱肥皂水徹底清洗患者所穿過的衣物和接觸的所有物品，包括床單，毛巾和器皿。

If you have space, isolate the sick person in your household in a room, or a corner of a room, where they are comfortable, but separated from the rest of the household. If the weather is tolerable, open a window that is on the opposite side of the room, so that air gently blows past the patient’s face and then outdoors. Of course, don’t do this if it is very cold, as your friend or loved one will be made sicker if uncomfortably cold.
如果你家裡有足夠的空間，為病人隔離出一個房間或房間的一角，讓他們感到舒適的同時又與家庭中的其他人分開。如果天氣適宜，打開房間另一側的窗戶，這樣空氣能輕輕吹過患者的面部後，流動吹到室外。當然，如果天氣很冷就不要這樣做，因為你的朋友和家人可能會因寒冷而病情加重。

The Chinese government will take very drastic actions over the next few weeks, and this will be a time of hardship for the Chinese people. But with these simple precautions, if taken by everybody in your household, building, office, and school, you will dramatically reduce the spread of the virus and bring the outbreak to its knees. Be safe. Do not panic.
中國政府將在接下來的幾週內採取更嚴厲的措施，這對中國人民來說將是一個艱難的時期。但是，有了這些簡單的預防措施，只要大家在家裡，建築物裡，辦公室和學校裡都採取這些簡單的預防措施。就能大大減少該病毒的傳播風險，並遏制疫情爆發。

Take commonsense precautions. As frightening as this time is, you will get through it.
注意安全。不要驚慌。採取一些常識性的預防措施。眼下的狀況雖然可怕，但你一定會渡過難關。

［轉發自 @台美親子共讀館］
P認為此文算是非常中立理性。但是作者是美國人，冬天也剛好很冷需要手套保暖同時防疫。關於戴手套P認為勤洗手、不到處亂摸也許防範更好，不過也要看自身所處環境調整。

在急著加入這場「口罩大戰」之前，不妨也參考此文，評估自己所處環境。

分享這篇文章，撰文者Laurie Garrett：

Laurie Garrett is a former senior fellow for global health at the Council on Foreign Relations and a Pulitzer Prize winning science writer.

原文：

https://foreignpolicy.com/2020/01/25/wuhan-coronavirus-safety-china/

翻譯稿：

https://foreignpolicy.com/2020/01/26/新冠病毒来袭：如何自我防护/

01.

When you leave your home, wear gloves—winter mittens or outdoor gloves—and keep them on in subways, buses, and public spaces.

出門離家時，戴上手套——冬天的手套或是戶外手套都可以——任何公共場合包括地鐵，公交都不要脫下來。

02.

If you are in a social situation where you should remove your gloves, perhaps to shake hands or dine, do not touch your face or eyes, no matter how much something itches. Keep your hands away from contact with your face. And before you put your gloves back on, wash your hands thoroughly with soap and warm water, scrubbing the fingers. Put your gloves on.

在某些需要脫下手套的社交場合，比如握手和吃飯時，不要用手接觸你的臉或眼睛，不管有多癢都不要讓你的手接觸你的臉。在戴回手套前，用溫水和肥皂仔細洗手，好好搓洗手指，再戴上手套。

03.

Change gloves daily, washing them thoroughly, and avoid wearing damp gloves.

每天更換手套，仔細清洗。不要戴潮濕的手套。

04.

Masks are useless when worn outdoors and may not be very helpful even indoors. Most masks deteriorate after one or two wearings. Using the same mask day after day is worse than useless—it’s disgusting, as the contents of your mouth and nose eventually coat the inside of the mask with a smelly veneer that is attractive to bacteria. I rarely wear a face mask in an epidemic, and I have been in more than 30 outbreaks.

口罩在戶外佩戴時毫無用處，即使在室內用處也不大。大多口罩在被使用一兩次後就被汙染了，重覆同一口罩比不戴口罩更糟糕。因為從你嘴和鼻子的呼出的物質最終會在口罩內部形成一層十分滋養細菌的，發臭的膜。在傳染病流行期間我很少戴口罩，我曾經經歷過這種狀況超過30次。

Instead, I stay away from crowds, and I keep my distance from individual people—a half meter, about 1.5 feet, is a good standard. If someone is coughing or sneezing, I ask them to put on a mask—to protect me from their potentially contaminated fluids. If they decline, I step a meter (about 3 feet) away from them, or I leave. Don’t shake hands or hug people—politely beg off, saying it’s better for both of you not to come in close contact during an epidemic.

相反，我會遠離人群，並且與個人保持距離——差不多半米左右是比較好的標準。要是有人咳嗽或是打噴嚏，我會請他們戴上口罩，來保護我免受潛在的有汙染的液體傷害。如果他們拒絕，我會走到一米的距離之外，或者幹脆離開。不要與人握手或擁抱，告訴對方在傳染病流行期間不要靠太近，這對彼此都好。

05.

Inside your household, remove all of the towels from your bathrooms and kitchen immediately, and replace them with clean towels that have the names of each family member on them. Instruct everybody in your home to only use their own towels and never touch another family member’s. Wash all towels twice a week. Damp towels provide terrific homes for viruses, like common colds, flus, and, yes, coronaviruses.

在家裏要馬上給浴室和廚房都換上幹凈的毛巾，讓家裏每個人都用自己的專屬毛巾，不去觸碰別人的。每周洗兩次毛巾。濕毛巾會為病毒滋生提供溫床，例如普通感冒，流感，以及冠狀病毒。

06.

Be careful with doorknobs. If it’s possible to open and close doors using your elbows or shoulders, do so. Wear gloves to turn a doorknob—or wash your hands after touching it. If anybody in your home takes sick, wash your doorknobs regularly. Similarly, be cautious with stairway banisters, desktops, cell phones, toys, laptops—any objects that are hand-held.

小心門把手，最好用肘部或肩膀去開關門。戴手套去擰門把手，或者在觸摸了門把手後去洗手。如果家裏有病人，定期清潔門把手。同樣，對待樓梯扶手，桌面，手機，玩具，筆記本電腦等任何手持物體都要小心謹慎。

As long as you handle only your own personal objects, you will be ok—but if you need to pick up someone else’s cell phone or cooking tools or use someone else’s computer keyboard, be mindful of not touching your face and wash your hands immediately after touching the object.

只要你只接觸自己的私人物品，就沒什麽問題。但是，如果你需要使用別人的手機，廚具或電腦鍵盤，請註意不要觸摸臉部，並在觸摸物體後立即去洗手。

07.

If you share meals, do not use your personal chopsticks and utensils to remove food from a serving bowl or plate and, of course, tell your children to never drink out of anybody else’s cups or from a container of shared fluid. Place serving spoons in each dish and instruct everybody at the table to scoop what they want from the serving dishes onto their personal plates or bowls, return the serving spoon to the main dish, and then use their personal chopsticks only to pick food from their personal plate or bowl into their mouth.

吃飯時，不要用你自己的筷子和餐具去公碗和盤子裏夾菜。也要告訴你的孩子不要喝別人杯子或者容器裏的水。在席上讓每個人使用公勺將盤子裏的菜夾到自己的盤子或者碗裏，然後將公勺放回公盤，然後用自己的筷子將自己盤子或者碗裏的食物送進嘴裏。

Wash all food and kitchenware thoroughly between meals and avoid restaurants that have poor hygiene practices.

飯前仔細清洗食物，飯後仔細清洗餐具，不要去衛生條件不好的餐館用餐。

08.

Absolutely do not buy, slaughter, or consume any live animal or fish until it is known what species was the source of the virus.

在病毒傳播源被發現之前，絕對不要購買，屠宰，或是食用任何生鮮動物和魚類。

09.

When the weather allows, open your windows at home or work, letting your space air out. The virus cannot linger in a well-ventilated space. But of course, if it is cold or the weather is inclement, keep warm and close those windows.

天氣條件允許的情況下，打開家裏或辦公室的窗戶，讓室內空氣流通，病毒無法在通風條件良好的空間裏停留。當然，如果天氣嚴寒，就關窗保暖。

10.

Finally, if you are caring for a friend or family member who is running a fever, always wear a tight-fitting mask when you are near them, and place one on the ailing person (unless they are nauseated).

最後，如果你在照顧得病的朋友或家人，在靠近他們時，一定要時刻佩戴與面部緊貼的口罩，並給他們也戴上（除非他們感到噁心)。

When you replace an old, dirty mask from the face of your friend or loved one be very, very careful—assume, for the sake of your protection, that it is covered in viruses, and handle it while wearing latex gloves, place it inside of a disposable container, seal it, and then put it in the trash. While wearing those latex gloves, gently wash the patient’s face with warm soap and water, using a disposable paper towel or cotton swab, and seal it after use in a container or plastic bag before placing it in your household trash.

當你幫忙從朋友或親人的臉上摘除使用過的臟口罩時，請務必要非常小心——為了保護自己，你必須假設該口罩已被病毒覆蓋，戴上乳膠手套去進行處理，將其放進可丟棄的包裝袋內，密封好，然後再丟進垃圾桶。戴上乳膠手套為患者用紙巾和棉球輕輕地用肥皂和溫水清洗患者的面部，並在使用後將其密封好裝入包裝袋或塑料袋中，然後再丟進家裏的垃圾箱。

Wear long-sleeved shirts and clothing that covers your body when you are caring for your ailing friend or relative. Clean everything your patient wears or touches very thoroughly in hot soapy water, including sheets, towels, and utensils.

在照顧生病的朋友或家人時，要穿上能包裹全身的長袖衣物。用熱肥皂水徹底清洗患者所穿過的衣物和接觸的所有物品，包括床單，毛巾和器皿。

If you have space, isolate the sick person in your household in a room, or a corner of a room, where they are comfortable, but separated from the rest of the household. If the weather is tolerable, open a window that is on the opposite side of the room, so that air gently blows past the patient’s face and then outdoors. Of course, don’t do this if it is very cold, as your friend or loved one will be made sicker if uncomfortably cold.

如果你家裏有足夠的空間，為病人隔離出一個房間或房間的一角，讓他們感到舒適的同時又與家庭中的其他人分開。如果天氣適宜，打開房間另一側的窗戶，這樣空氣能輕輕吹過患者的面部後，流動吹到室外。當然，如果天氣很冷就不要這樣做，因為你的朋友和家人可能會因寒冷而病情加重。

The Chinese government will take very drastic actions over the next few weeks, and this will be a time of hardship for the Chinese people. But with these simple precautions, if taken by everybody in your household, building, office, and school, you will dramatically reduce the spread of the virus and bring the outbreak to its knees. Be safe. Do not panic.

中國政府將在接下來的幾周內采取更嚴厲的措施，這對中國人民來說將是一個艱難的時期。但是，有了這些簡單的預防措施，只要大家在家裏，建築物裏，辦公室和學校裏都采取這些簡單的預防措施。就能大大減少該病毒的傳播風險，並遏制疫情爆發。

Take commonsense precautions. As frightening as this time is, you will get through it.

註意安全。不要驚慌。采取一些常識性的預防措施。眼下的狀況雖然可怕，但你一定會渡過難關。

#防疫專區