TỪ VỰNG IELTS - CHỦ ĐỀ THROWAWAY SOCIETY
🎯PHẦN TỪ VỰNG
- throwaway society: xã hội mà trong đó người ta sử dụng đồ đạc trong một thời gian ngắn sau đó vứt chúng đi, mua thứ đồ mới
vpurchase the latest version of things: mua phiên bản mới nhất
- encourage somebody to do something: khuyến khích ai đó làm gì
- to be in good condition and perfectly functional: trong tình trạng tốt và các chức năng hoạt động tốt
- overconsumption = excessive consumption: việc tiêu thụ quá mức
- overproduction = excessive production: việc sản xuất quá mức
- long-lived products = durable products = products that are made to last for a long period of time: những sản phẩm có tuổi thọ dài
- short-lived products = non-durable products = products that are made to last for a short period of time: những sản phẩm có tuổi thọ ngắn
- repurchase = buy again: mua lại
- repeat customers: những khách hàng sẽ mua hàng lại ở cửa hàng họ đã mua
- make a dent in your finance: làm giảm số tiền bạn đang có
- higher profit margins for manufacturers: lợi nhuận biên lớn hơn cho các nhà sản xuất
- tempt customers into buying the latest, novelty items: thu hút khách hàng mua những sản phẩm mới nhất
- disposable products: những sản phẩm dùng 1 lần rồi vứt đi
- solid waste generation rates: tỷ lệ thải ra chất thải rắn
- environmental degradation: sự suy khóa môi trường
- contaminate soil and water: làm ô nhiễm đất và nước
- increase consumer spending: tăng chi tiêu của khách hàng
- bad spending habits: thói quen tiêu xài xấu
- leftover food: đồ ăn thừa
- a new version with more features: phiên bản mới với nhiều tính năng hơn
- have a negative/detrimental/harmful effect on: có ảnh hưởng có hại lên...
- buy things that you do not really need: mua những thứ mà bạn không thực sự cần
- a waste of money: một sự lãng phí tiền của
- buy new things to relieve stress or anxiety: mua đồ mới để giải tỏa căng thẳng và lo âu
- overspend = spend beyond one's income: chi tiêu quá mức
- huge amounts of toxic waste: 1 lượng khổng lồ chất thải
- to be discharged into the environment: bị thải ra môi trường
- encourage people to reuse and recycle more: khuyến khích người dân tái chế và tái sử dụng nhiều hơn.
- get into serious debt: bị mắc nợ nghiêm trọng

🎯PHẦN BÀI MẪU
These days people in some countries are living in a “throwaway” society which means people use things in a short time then throw them away. What are its causes and what impacts can it have?

Dịch đề: Ngày nay người dân ở một số quốc gia đang sống trong một “xã hội bỏ đi” nghĩa là người ta sử dụng đồ đạc trong một thời gian ngắn sau đó vứt chúng đi. Nguyên nhân và ảnh hưởng mà xã hội này gây ra?

The topic of “throwaway society” has been discussed in recent years. In this society, people tend to throw away their old items regardless of whether or not they still work and purchase the latest version of things. This essay will look at some primary reasons for this phenomenon and the adverse impacts that it could have on individuals and the environment.

There are several causes of the throwaway society and I think advertising could be the first culprit. Advertisements encourage people to purchase goods and services that they do not really need by delivering a message that possessing the latest version of an item could improve a person’s self-image, confidence and even social status. For example, many of today’s teenagers spend nearly $1,500 buying iPhone X to show that they are wealthy and fashionable even though their old phones are still in good condition and perfectly functional. Another cause is mass production of non-durable goods which are often used once and thrown away. These products are much cheaper and more convenient than durable ones, hence, attract a large number of customers.

Individuals living in the throwaway society could suffer a great deal. They could easily get into serious debt if they get into the habit of buying the latest, novelty items. Many teens are being burdened with thousands of dollars in credit card debt for their unnecessary purchases, which could lead to depression and anxiety. Environmental degradation is another problem facing the throwaway society. Due to excessive production of disposable goods, huge amounts of hazardous waste are being discharged into the environment, which directly contaminates soil and water.

In conclusion, there are various factors leading to the advent of our throwaway society and increasing consumer debt and environmental damage are the two major problems which result from this society.

(299 words, written by Nguyen Huyen)

PHẦN VÍ DỤ: https://ielts-nguyenhuyen.com/tu-vung-ielts-chu-de-throwaway-society-dich-tu-chi-tiet/
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【健康危機】高血壓是身體響起警號

⭐高血壓會引起多種致命疾病
⭐養成定期量血壓習慣
#星期四食材

小心高鈉食物
高血壓是一種動脈血壓升高的慢性疾病，分為原發性及續發性，續發性高血壓有明確病因，例如懷孕、內分泌異常、腎病等；而原發性高血壓與遺傳、年齡、體重等有關，如果父母都患有高血壓，子女遺傳機率可高達六成，而患病率隨年齡增長而增加，所以如有高血壓的遺傳風險，宜檢視生活與飲食方式，遠離疾病。
常說吃太鹹的食物容易導致高血壓，其實導致高血壓元兇是鈉，鈉不只存在於鹽裡，有些吃起來不太鹹的食物鈉含量都相當高，故購買包裝食物要留意營養標籤，世界衞生組織建議成人每日的鈉攝取量應少於2000毫克(即略少於一平茶匙鹽)。

常見高鈉食物：
白麵包 — 「無味」的白麵包加入鹽及酸度調節劑乙酸鈉等製作
麵條 — 杯麵鈉含量高，有些乾麵條鈉含量也不少
燒味 — 燒味製作時加入大量調味料
醬料 — 豉油、蠔油、雞粉、鹵水汁、魚露、蝦醬等都是高鈉調味料
罐頭 — 為延長罐頭保質期製作時添加鹽分
湯 — 湯底味道越濃郁，鈉含量就越高
醃製食品 — 火腿、香腸、午餐肉、榨菜、泡菜、鹹蛋等都是高鈉食物
零食 — 薯片、蝦片、餅乾、魷魚絲等小小一片鈉含量都很高

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Beware of high-sodium foods
Hypertension is a chronic disease related the pressure of blood pushing against the arteries. There are two types of hypertension — primary and secondary. Secondary hypertension has apparent causes, for instance, pregnancy, endocrine disorders, and kidney problems. On the other hand, primary or essential hypertension is associated with hereditary, age, and weight.

If both parents suffer from hypertension, their children have a 60% chance of inheriting it. Chances of having hypertension would also increase with age. If you are at risk, do observe and adjust your lifestyle and dietary habits to keep hypertension at bay.

People always tell us that eating extremely salty food can cause hypertension. The main culprit of hypertension is actually sodium, which does not only exist in salt, but also foods that are not even salty. Therefore, keep an eye on the nutritional label of foods before buying them. The World Health Organization suggests that an adult should consume less than 2000mg of sodium per day. This is equivalent to less than one teaspoon of salt.

Foods that are high in sodium:
White bread — contains salt and acidity regulator like sodium acetates
Noodles — cup noodles and some dried noodles have high sodium content
Roasted foods — spices and seasonings are ingredients used to enrich the flavor of roasted foods
Sauces — soy sauce, oyster sauce, chicken stock powder, braised and brined sauce, fish sauce, and shrimp paste are all high in sodium
Canned foods — sodium is added to canned foods to extend their shelf life
Soup — soup that is rich in flavor normally contains a lot of sodium
Pickled foods — ham, hot dog, luncheon meat, pickled mustard, and salted egg are high-sodium foods
Snacks — potato chips, prawn crackers, biscuits, and even dried shredded squid are high in sodium

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How to Eat RICE & Still Lose Weight (+Rice Recipes) | Joanna Soh

Are you a rice lover?
If you want to lose weight, the most common advice you tend to hear is to ditch rice totally because eating RICE CAN MAKE YOU FAT! Is rice really the culprit? Does rice really deserve the bad rap it has been getting?

Personally, I used to be “afraid” of rice, but after getting to know better its benefits and purpose, now, I eat rice every single day. And if you have seen my transformation, rice has helped with my energy level, improved my workouts and even reduce my body fat.

I’m sure you’re watching this video and wonder how can I include rice into my diet and lose weight. If you are a rice lover and don’t want to give up on rice while losing weight, watch this video and learn how you can do it!

1) Practice Portion Control
2) Pair it with Vegetables & Protein
3) Keep it as it is!
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Sustainable weight loss is a combination of regular exercise and a healthy diet. You don’t have to give up your favourite or staple foods like rice while you’re trying to lose weight!

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