[開光點眼]
開光點眼，簡稱開光，是道教中一個儀式。道教中認為神像在經過開光前只是雕塑物品而非神的存在，要請神進入雕塑品內需要經過開光儀式。

開光過程會依地區和道士而有所不同。一開始需要找一個德高望重的道士，然後選擇一個入座的日子；接著道士在儀式中會一邊唸咒一遍拿著寶鏡，將寶鏡照到的太陽光反射到神像上；再來將神像的軀體後背會開個洞，放入五至七種寶物後再將洞填起來。常見的寶物有金、銀、銅、鐵、錫、瑪瑙、玉石、珍珠、蜜蜂、蜈蚣、五色線等，也有地區會放入符咒或是用紅紙寫下神的起源。在最後道士使用毛筆，將白公雞的雞冠血和黑色鴨的舌頭血點上神像的五官和身軀，開啟耳、鼻、舌、身、意，統稱「六通」。

雞是陽氣和生命力的象徵，「鴨」因為發音同「壓」，所以是用來壓制煞氣，儀式用的雞鴨不能殺掉需要放生，演變至現代則多以硃砂取代。

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[kāi guāng diǎn yǎn]
Kai Guang Dian Yan, the consecration ceremony is one of the many Taoist ceremonies. Taoists believe before the consecration ceremony, the statue or picture of the deity would just be the depiction without the essence of the spirit. To invite the spirit of the deity to reside in either the statue or the picture, the consecration ceremony is required.

The consecration ceremony varies depending on the location and the preforming Taoist. Generally speaking, the process of the consecration ceremony would need a virtuous and reputable Taoist to pick the specific date to present the ceremony. During the ceremony, the Taoist would recite special scripture while hold a sacred mirror. Then sun light would be reflected on the sculpture or image with the depiction of the deity. After process, if its a sculpture, the back it would have a hole opened up and inserted with five to seven different sacred objects such as: gold, silver, copper, iron, tin, agate, jade, pearl, bee, centipede and/ or five colored tread. In some instances, depending on the locale where the ceremony is being preformed, written spells or the origin of the said deity written on a piece of red paper would also be inserted into the sculpture. Lastly, the Taoist would then use a hair brush dipped in the blood from a white rooster’s crown mixed with blood from the tongue of a black duck, to annotate the five senses and the body of the sculpture. To “turn on” the ears, nose, eyes body and the thought of the deity now attached to the sculpture. This is called “Liu Tong”, to turn on all six senses.

White rooster signifies life and male vitality. While the pronunciation of duck in mandarin is similar to pressing down so it’s used to press down evil spirits.

The rooster and duck used in the ceremony can not be killed and would be released alive. Nowadays in modern society, when this ceremony is being preformed, cinnabar is used to substitute live animal blood.

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#開光 #開光點眼 #道教 #神像 #習俗 #taoism #台灣 #民俗 #taiwan #art #illustration #darkart #台灣 #台湾 #台湾文化 #guro #獵奇 #怪奇 #黑暗 #illustration #陣頭 #廟會 #taiwanculture #宗教 #religion #入寶 #神明 #道士

大家早，
雅琴看世界，The View~ep20，4/24
Today's topic is
"Taiwan will not lockdown " and "US lockdown rumor."
為了解釋封城秀吉和豐臣秀吉～我還說了日文，不知道發音準不準？哈哈哈！
I spoke Japanese, it is kind of hard for me.
#Taiwanhelps
#TheViewWithCatherineChang雅琴看世界

https://youtu.be/Tas8Ygamr_8

【哈瓦那·古巴】English after Mandarin

義大利藝術評論家Philippe Daverio說「真正藝術包括不同方位的解讀」，需要具有「模擬兩可性或是不可捉摸性」。我覺得哈瓦那就是這樣一個獨特的城市。作為一個真正的藝術城市，哈瓦那真實體現了那種不可捉摸的面向。
Philippe Daverio, an Italian art critic, says real art includes interpretations from different perspectives and should be ambiguous or unpredictable. I think Havana, as a true city of art, genuinely reflects that unpredictability.

對於古巴的第一印象來自於社會主義風格的哈瓦那機場。外觀有棱有角，活像是隨時會翻身戰鬥的變形金剛。這點又跟注重建築與環境與人文呼應的新未來主義建築不謀而合，就像Zaha Hadid在廣州建造的那兩隻蟾蜍劇院一樣。這麽多的想像與那種所謂的藝術的模擬兩可性恰恰重合。
My first impression of Cuba came from the Havana airport with that strong socialistic flavor. The angular exterior of the terminal looks exactly like one of those Transformer robots who might spring to life and battle at any second. This coincides with the concept of neo-futurism buildings which stresses the link between buildings and their surroundings. A great example is the angular toad-like Guangzhou Opera House. All that imagination accords with the so-called ambiguity of art.

內部紅色的證照查驗關讓人感覺熱情卻又搭配共產主義的不協調。飛機上座位旁邊的古巴先生嘴裡不時哼著歌曲，機場接駁車和接機計程車上也有動感音樂。我感到困惑。
Inside the terminal is the red immigration cubicles with that yellow tint, which gives a sense of incongruity combining passion with seemingly cold communism. That reminds me of the Cuban guy next to me on the plane who was humming songs all the time. Music can also be found on the boarding gate shuttle as well as the taxi I rode to downtown Havana. I was perplexed.

我問接機的司機英文哪學來的。他說學校裡的外來語文教育中有英文的選項，但不是很受重視。司機又說歐巴馬時代古巴開始轉型經濟準備起飛。可惜目前川普打壓古巴，連房地產都低迷。從路上年輕一代的新潮穿著，我感覺到古巴已不再是舊時代的古巴了。對於古巴一切都還在摸索中。
I asked the cab driver where he learned his English. He replied that English was one of the foreign language options in school, but English was not considered important. He then started to talked about how Obama helped boost Cuba’s economy with the loosened US-Cuban tension. It was unfortunate since Trump swore in and everything had been beaten down including the travel and real estate industries. I could still spot the change from young people’s fashionable outfits. It felt like Cuba was not the old Cuba that I learned from the travel guide. Everything about Cuba was yet to be explored.

哈瓦那絕不是說英文天堂。從找住宿開始，我那卑微的西班牙文就被迫徹徹底底地運轉起來。還好事先下載了估狗翻譯裡的西文選項，加上我確實請過家教老師學習基礎西文發音，這樣勉強能與當地人溝通一下。我也懷疑憑我這樣三腳貓的西文能有什麼本事去解讀這樣一個謎一般的國度？
By all means, Havana is no heaven for English speakers. From the moment I decided to find a casa/guest house on my own, my puny Spanish vocabulary was forced to work hard. (Yeah, I only know about a couple of hundred words. Shame on me!) The good thing is that I downloaded Spanish on my Google Translate in advance. Plus I hired a private tutor to learn Spanish phonics. I somehow managed to communicate with the locals. Sometimes, I doubted how I was going to open up this mysterious nation with my lousy Spanish.

入住後第一件事情就是憑著以往旅行經驗慣例出門找超市。哪知那樣的作法在這特立獨行的國度完全不適用。在哈瓦那舊城區(Habana Vieja)的民宅區裡沒有所謂的招牌。這意味著一個社區中大多數人彼此相互認識，才能知道誰家在哪裡提供什麼樣的服務。可憐如我，為了找瓶裝水，在附近用破爛的西文「Donde esta el agua」問路。經過三個人指了不同的方向後，終於找到一位熱心的先生直接帶我去一個不起眼的窗口買水。饒是這樣我也花了將近30分鐘才順利取得珍貴的飲用水資源。
The first thing I did after I checked into a casa was to follow my routine as a traveler and find a supermarket. Who would have known that this idea completely did not work here. In some residential areas of Old Havana, shop signs simply do not exist. This probably means most people in the community know each other, and thus are aware of where to go to find services they need without shop signs. That translated into my predicament as I tried to find some bottled water in the neighborhood. I literally asked for directions with my broken Spanish, Donde esta el agua? Following three kind passersby’s help in three different directions, I found a nice guy who took me to an inconspicuous window where I finally obtained two very precious bottles of water, which took me 30 minutes for this entire water-getting process.

在找水的途中我看到了麵包店只批量生產吐司和小圓麵包、窄門裡只賣菸和酒的店家、有簡單桌椅的餐廳，以及一目了然的理髮店。這一切都沒有資本主義的招牌來包裝社區的基本運作。也因為對於這裡的無知，我將注意力集中在斑駁街道與頹傾樓房之間發出的聲響上。鍋裡油炸的聲音、收音機裡的音樂、雞啼、車子裡的動感貝斯、路人跟我說hola、先生親吻太太臉頰打波的聲響、吉娃娃的嗷叫，以及路人在街頭講公共電話的聲音—我走在街道的中央聆聽哈瓦那的脈動。當然我所在的這條街絕對不會是觀光客川流不息的Obispo步行街。總之，這裡的許多事物顛覆了我對一個城市的認知。
En route to finding water, I saw a bakery producing only toast and rolls in batch, a shop selling only cigarettes and liquors, a restaurant with simple tables and chairs, and a barbershop that you can see it all at a glance. Everything here ran basically without the packaging of capitalistic shop signs. Because of my ignorance of Cuba, I started to shift my attention to the sounds made between the mottled streets and faded buildings. Deep frying noises from a pan, music from the radio, a rooster’s crowing, pounding bass from a car stereo, hola from a passerby, smackers from a husband to his wife, a chihuahua’s barking, and someone talking on a public phone—I was walking in the middle of a small street listening to the heart beats of Old Havana. Where I was standing is surely not the tourist-flooded Obispo pedestrian zone. Regardless, my perception about what a city ought to be was totally overthrown by the things I experienced initially.

對於古巴的第一印象是新奇且難以用一般邏輯去理解的。我覺得接下來的旅程我應該放下對於一個國家既定的預期。也許這樣才能領會只屬於古巴的不可捉摸的藝術。
My first impression about Cuba was novel yet hard to understand with the common sense. I felt I needed to let go of my expectations for the country. Perhaps, that way I could grasp a touch of the unpredictable art that only belongs to Cuba.

下一篇：
https://www.facebook.com/844309985672851/posts/3207657306004762?sfns=mo

#Cuba #Havana #travel #photo #古巴 #哈瓦那 #旅行 #照片

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1 【snap 倉促完成的】- 形容詞
Canadian Prime Minister called a snap election.

2 【insurgent 反叛軍；造反者】- 名詞（正式）
The Taliban declared the war was over after insurgents took control of the presidential palace in Kabul.

3【extend an olive branch 遞出橄欖枝】- 動詞片語
An Israeli kindergarten teacher decided to donate her kidney to a Palestinian boy as her way of extending an olive branch.



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1 【麻將 Mahjong】- 名詞
Mahjong is a tile-based game commonly played by four players.

2【刮刮樂 scratch-off】- 名詞
Taiwanese people like to play scratch-offs during the Lunar New Year.

3【卡拉ok karaoke】- 名詞
A karaoke box is called a KTV in Taiwan.

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1 【overload 使變得過量】— 動詞
The new regulations were intended to prevent an overloading of the healthcare system.

We’re overloaded with work.

2 【outright 完全的】— 形容詞It is a rare outright parliamentary majority.

3【annulment 廢除】— 名詞
Indonesian fishers, environmental activists and law experts have called for the annulment of the deregulation law.

4 【alliance 同盟】— 名詞
Armenia has a security alliance with Russia.
EP118

5 【mitigate 減輕危害】— 動詞（正式）
Trees can help mitigate climate change.

簡單複習：
1）overload 使變得過量
2）outright 完全的
3）annulment 廢除
4） alliance 同盟
5）mitigate 減輕危害