Breaking‼️

美東時間1月5日傍晚，川普以國家安全為由，用行政命令方式禁止阿里支付寶、微信支付、QQ錢包在內的8款中國應用程式（App)。

行政命令發佈後45天，禁止任何人與實體與這8款中國應用程式（App）進行交易。

按照日程，美國下任政府將在15天後，1月20日上任。

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美國商務部長在同一時間發聲明表示，已指示商務部按行政命令執行禁令，「支持川普總統保護美國人民隱私與安全，免於受到中國共產黨的威脅。」

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▫️8款App:

支付寶（Alipay）、掃描全能王(CamScanner)、QQ錢包（QQ Wallet）、茄子快傳（SHAREit）、騰訊QQ（Tencent QQ）、阿里巴巴旗下海外短視頻應用VMate、微信支付（WeChat Pay）和辦公型App WPS Office。

圖三：美國商務部聲明

圖四：美國國安顧問聲明
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▫️白宮行政命令全文：

The White House
Office of the Press Secretary
FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE
January 5, 2021
EXECUTIVE ORDER



- - - - - - -



ADDRESSING THE THREAT POSED BY APPLICATIONS AND OTHER SOFTWARE DEVELOPED OR CONTROLLED BY CHINESE COMPANIES



By the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution and the laws of the United States of America, including the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.) (IEEPA), the National Emergencies Act (50 U.S.C. 1601 et seq.), and section 301 of title 3, United States Code,

I, DONALD J. TRUMP, President of the United States of America, find that additional steps must be taken to deal with the national emergency with respect to the information and communications technology and services supply chain declared in Executive Order 13873 of May 15, 2019 (Securing the Information and Communications Technology and Services Supply Chain). Specifically, the pace and pervasiveness of the spread in the United States of certain connected mobile and desktop applications and other software developed or controlled by persons in the People's Republic of China, to include Hong Kong and Macau (China), continue to threaten the national security, foreign policy, and economy of the United States. At this time, action must be taken to address the threat posed by these Chinese connected software applications.

By accessing personal electronic devices such as smartphones, tablets, and computers, Chinese connected software applications can access and capture vast swaths of information from users, including sensitive personally identifiable information and private information. This data collection threatens to provide the Government of the People's Republic of China (PRC) and the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) with access to Americans' personal and proprietary information -- which would permit China to track the locations of Federal employees and contractors, and build dossiers of personal information.

The continuing activity of the PRC and the CCP to steal or otherwise obtain United States persons' data makes clear that there is an intent to use bulk data collection to advance China's economic and national security agenda. For example, the 2014 cyber intrusions of the Office of Personnel Management of security clearance records of more than 21 million people were orchestrated by Chinese agents. In 2015, a Chinese hacking group breached the United States health insurance company Anthem, affecting more than 78 million Americans. And the Department of Justice indicted members of the Chinese military for the 2017 Equifax cyber intrusion that compromised the personal information of almost half of all Americans.

In light of these risks, many executive departments and agencies (agencies) have prohibited the use of Chinese connected software applications and other dangerous software on Federal Government computers and mobile phones. These prohibitions, however, are not enough given the nature of the threat from Chinese connected software applications. In fact, the Government of India has banned the use of more than 200 Chinese connected software applications throughout the country; in a statement, India's Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology asserted that the applications were "stealing and surreptitiously transmitting users' data in an unauthorized manner to servers which have locations outside India."

The United States has assessed that a number of Chinese connected software applications automatically capture vast swaths of information from millions of users in the United States, including sensitive personally identifiable information and private information, which would allow the PRC and CCP access to Americans' personal and proprietary information.

The United States must take aggressive action against those who develop or control Chinese connected software applications to protect our national security.

Accordingly, I hereby order:

Section 1. (a) The following actions shall be prohibited beginning 45 days after the date of this order, to the extent permitted under applicable law: any transaction by any person, or with respect to any property, subject to the jurisdiction of the United States, with persons that develop or control the following Chinese connected software applications, or with their subsidiaries, as those transactions and persons are identified by the Secretary of Commerce (Secretary) under subsection (e) of this section: Alipay, CamScanner, QQ Wallet, SHAREit, Tencent QQ, VMate, WeChat Pay, and WPS Office.

(b) The Secretary is directed to continue to evaluate Chinese connected software applications that may pose an unacceptable risk to the national security, foreign policy, or economy of the United States, and to take appropriate action in accordance with Executive Order 13873.

(c) Not later than 45 days after the date of this order, the Secretary, in consultation with the Attorney General and the Director of National Intelligence, shall provide a report to the Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs with recommendations to prevent the sale or transfer of United States user data to, or access of such data by, foreign adversaries, including through the establishment of regulations and policies to identify, control, and license the export of such data.

(d) The prohibitions in subsection (a) of this section apply except to the extent provided by statutes, or in regulations, orders, directives, or licenses that may be issued pursuant to this order, and notwithstanding any contract entered into or any license or permit granted before the date of this order.

(e) Not earlier than 45 days after the date of this order, the Secretary shall identify the transactions and persons that develop or control the Chinese connected software applications subject to subsection (a) of this section.

Sec. 2. (a) Any transaction by a United States person or within the United States that evades or avoids, has the purpose of evading or avoiding, causes a violation of, or attempts to violate the prohibition set forth in this order is prohibited.

(b) Any conspiracy formed to violate any of the prohibitions set forth in this order is prohibited.

Sec. 3. For the purposes of this order:

(a) the term "connected software application" means software, a software program, or group of software programs, designed to be used by an end user on an end-point computing device and designed to collect, process, or transmit data via the Internet as an integral part of its functionality.

(b) the term "entity" means a government or instrumentality of such government, partnership, association, trust, joint venture, corporation, group, subgroup, or other organization, including an international organization;

(c) the term "person" means an individual or entity;

(d) the term "personally identifiable information" (PII) is information that, when used alone or with other relevant data, can identify an individual. PII may contain direct identifiers (e.g., passport information) that can identify a person uniquely, or quasi-identifiers (e.g., race) that can be combined with other quasi-identifiers (e.g., date of birth) to successfully recognize an individual.

(e) the term "United States person" means any United States citizen, permanent resident alien, entity organized under the laws of the United States or any jurisdiction within the United States (including foreign branches), or any person in the United States.

Sec. 4. (a) The Secretary, in consultation with the Secretary of the Treasury and the Attorney General, is hereby authorized to take such actions, including adopting rules and regulations, and to employ all powers granted to me by IEEPA, as may be necessary to implement this order. All agencies shall take all appropriate measures within their authority to implement this order.

(b) The heads of agencies shall provide, in their discretion and to the extent permitted by law, such resources, information, and assistance to the Department of Commerce as required to implement this order, including the assignment of staff to the Department of Commerce to perform the duties described in this order.

Sec. 5. Severability. If any provision of this order, or the application of any provision to any person or circumstance, is held to be invalid, the remainder of this order and the application of its other provisions to any other persons or circumstances shall not be affected thereby.

Sec. 6. General Provisions. (a) Nothing in this order shall be construed to impair or otherwise affect:

(i) the authority granted by law to an executive department, agency, or the head thereof; or

(ii) the functions of the Director of the Office of Management and Budget relating to budgetary, administrative, or legislative proposals.

(b) This order shall be implemented consistent with applicable law and subject to the availability of appropriations.

(c) This order is not intended to, and does not, create any right or benefit, substantive or procedural, enforceable at law or in equity by any party against the United States, its departments, agencies, or entities, its officers, employees, or agents, or any other person.



DONALD J. TRUMP



THE WHITE HOUSE,

January 5, 2021.

唐朝·綺麗男在英國🇬🇧

美智庫報告：中共利用“友好協會” 統戰滲透歐洲

美國智庫戰略與預算評估中心（Center for Strategic and Budgetary Assessments）最近發布《揭示中國在歐洲的影響力》報告，指出中共運用各類“友好協會”打入歐洲精英階層，促進與中國的緊密雙邊關系，表面上這些民間組織幫助促進教育和文化交流，實際上這些團體是中共的代理人，試圖擴大、加深共產黨在歐洲的影響力。

報告指出，“友好協會”是透過各種渠道與共產黨連結的前線組織，是在歐洲各地推動中國外交政策目標的喉舌和中介。這些團體在外國領土上，由當地政治和商業精英組成，長期運作，促進與中國的緊密關系。參與的菁英包括現任或前任政治人物，舉辦公共活動展示共產黨的美好一面，轉移對北京形像有害的言論，並支持有利於中國的歐洲政策。

這些“友好協會”的運作模式也符合中共統一戰線的工作，包含確保共產黨的統治權力、增強中國實力、捍衛中國主權、打造有利於中國的外交環境，譬如在歐洲推動“一帶一路”倡議。報告中關注的中共統一戰線組織之一“中國人民對外友好協會”，即是這些友誼團體的贊助者之一。對外友協收受中國政府的“支持和贊助” ，協會官員也曾公開表示，該組織致力於支持中國的外交政策目標。

報告共同撰寫人吉原恆淑（Toshi Yoshihara）在4日的網絡研討會上指出，這些團體與中國的統戰機構有聯系，並且可以透過這些團體的活動追蹤統一戰線的工作，包括中共高層官員訪問歐洲首都，以及加入北京和中國其他地方的友好團體。

他說：“我們發現，這些友誼團體經常與高層的共產黨官員接觸。我們還發現，這些友誼團體已成為招募親中歐洲精英的平台。我們有證據表明，其中一些友誼團體甚至從中共統一戰線等組織那裡獲得了指導。”

該報告提供了有關中歐友好小組（EU-China Friendship Group ），意大利對華友好協會 （Italy-China Friendship Association ）和中國捷克友好協會（The Czech-China Chamber of Collaboration ）的三個簡短案例研究。這三個機構的領導人都明確表達了符合共產黨的價值觀、卻與歐洲價值觀和利益相悖的言論。

報告共同撰寫人比安奇（Jack Bianchi）以意大利對華友好協會為例，指出該協會的成立與“中國人民對外友好協會”有關，而非由希望與中國建立緊密關系的意大利公民主動創立；主席艾琳·皮維蒂（Irene Pivetti ）是意大利前國家眾議院議長，曾公開為中共侵犯人權的指稱進行辯解、提倡一帶一路；該協會也是一個平台，用以加強中共統戰組織間的合作。

比安奇舉例，皮維蒂曾在2018年接受媒體訪問時，替中共在新疆維吾爾的暴行說話。他說：“她（皮維蒂）聲稱，采取激進措施在遏制恐怖主義蔓延方面發揮了積極作用。她也強調，中國的做法是建立在法律法規的基礎上，通過對被關押人員的改造和教育，可防止極端主義的蔓延。”

吉原強調，中共利用西方國家的自由民主，發展了許多諸如“友好協會”之類的前線組織，這些協會利用所享受的自由權力達成中共的目標。例如，言論自由允許他們宣傳共產黨。更令人不安的是，這些協會同時采取與歐洲價值觀相反的立場，捍衛中國的人權紀錄。

他說：“我認為主要的漏洞之一是公民社會的開放性使得許多這類公民組織能夠廣泛宣傳中共的觀點，我認為這不僅發生在歐洲，而且在北美以及在澳大利亞和新西蘭，甚至東亞其他民主國家也是如此。”

今年二月，美國國務卿蓬佩奧也敦促各州州長，對利用美國自由的中國政府提高警覺，稱北京正在利用美國的開放性，企圖破壞美國。他以全國州長協會與中國人民對外友好協會合辦的“美中州長合作峰會”為例，向各州州長表明，對外友協是中共試圖影響外國政府的機構。

報告建議，歐洲乃至整個西方國家都有充分的理由再次關注中國的默默無聞，貌似無害的友好協會，歐美決策層應深入了解中國在歐洲擴大其影響力活動的目標、戰略和方法，並采取適當措施監督或推翻中國的影響勢力。



自由亞洲電台記者陳品潔華盛頓報道 責編：申鏵 網編：洪偉



本新聞由自由亞洲電台提供

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※This is NOT a sponsored Video.