【陪你看國際新聞】臺灣的防衛策略 vs 美國總統大選
　
蔡英文上任後，2017-2019 年的參謀總長李喜明，與 Project 2049 Institute 的研究員，一起寫了篇文章，投稿在 The Diplomat，並刊登於首頁。
　
Taiwan’s Overall Defense Concept, Explained
https://bit.ly/2TRdnVC
　
內容主要提到中共對臺灣的威脅，台灣目前的防禦策略，已著重於不對稱作戰，也就是用低成本造成高打擊，例如用大量便宜的反艦飛彈，打沉對方進犯的昂貴船隻與兵力。所需要的武器，剛好是最近這個月跟美國買的方向。
　
這種說帖式的文章，一定要提到對美國的利益。文中提到，對美國來說，與臺灣合作，能增加第一線調度的戰爭知識與經驗，對鞏固美國自由開放的印太政策也很有幫助。
　
最後一段說到，臺灣並不會期待美國犧牲自己年輕人的生命來保衛臺灣，但如果美國肯幫助（意思就是情報與武器，出兵隨緣），臺灣會守得更好。臺灣人有決心，捍衛自己的存在以及生活方式。
　
這篇投書的時機點很微妙，是在 11/3 刊出的，也表示政府的工作，在美國總統選舉前，已經朝向整個美國外交軍事決策與智庫圈。
　
不管美國總統之後是拜登或川普，以美國政府的架構來說，持續深化國會、國務院、外交智庫對臺灣的認識，是最具長遠效益的。
　
很幸運也很努力的，在過去四年，我們補足了戰鬥機、坦克，最近又買了反艦飛彈、多管火箭系統，這表示美方軍事決策圈以及國會都已經認識到臺灣的防衛需求。
　
總之，我們已經把握了機會武裝自己、捍衛自己的家園。
　
「A U.S.-Taiwan Joint Working Group could be mutually beneficial as it would not only bolster Taiwan’s defense and provide the U.S. military with insight for its own contingency planning and future warfighting, but also improve latent interoperability. Furthermore, the strengthened defense of Taiwan could play an important role in advancing the U.S. Free and Open Indo-Pacific strategy.
　
Now is the time to embrace an asymmetric approach to Taiwan’s defense. A fully implemented and institutionalized Overall Defense Concept would provide strategic guidance across all defense agencies and military services for a unified and deliberate effort in military investments and force development to strengthen Taiwan’s national defense. If the battle comes to Taiwan, the ODC would ensure the capitalization of all available military and civilian assets to muster a whole-of-society effort to defeat the enemy. Now is also the time for a new era of U.S.-Taiwan security cooperation. The Taiwan Strait could possibly be the theater of Sino-American military conflict, and the U.S. and Taiwan have an opportunity to address the CCP threat together. Through implementing the ODC, the U.S.-Taiwan Joint Working Group would enhance deterrent effects of the bilateral relationship and embolden Taiwan’s security.
　
In a cross-strait contingency, Taiwan would appreciate any assistance from Washington. However, Taiwan’s military will not assume that the U.S. will sacrifice American lives to defend the island. But with American support, Taiwan can fight better. It is the onus of the Taiwanese people to decide their fate and fight for their existence.」

[時事英文] Tiktok收購風波: 出售原因及交易前景

需要下一篇關於TikTok的時事英文歡迎留言「The clock is ticking on TikTok. 」。

「the clock is ticking」 表示時間緊迫、時間正在飛快流逝的意思，用來催促應該儘速做某事。

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文章來自《華爾街日報》:

為什麼TikTok可能會被出售?

TikTok parent ByteDance Ltd., a Beijing-based company, has mulled a range of options in recent months to assuage concerns from officials in the U.S. and other countries about the service’s ties to China. Concerns about a potential U.S. ban, in part, drove discussions to explore a deal. The Redmond, Wash., software giant on Sunday said it is interested in buying TikTok’s U.S. business—as well as the app’s service in Canada, Australia and New Zealand—and is willing to try to address the White House’s concerns, though it warned that it would walk away from talks by Sept. 15 if a deal isn’t completed.

1. mull sth over 仔細思考、反覆考慮
2. assuage (v.) 緩和；減輕；平息
3. drive sth to 驅使
4. explore a deal 探討交易、尋求交易
5. software giant 軟體巨頭 (指微軟)
6. address (v.) concerns 解除、處理疑慮
7. walk away from talks 不再進行談判

TikTok母公司、總部位於北京的字節跳動近幾個月來考慮了一系列選擇，以緩解美國和其他國家官員對TikTok與中國關係的擔憂。對美國可能出台禁令的擔憂，在一定程度上推動了尋求出售交易的討論。微軟周日表示，有意收購TikTok的美國業務以及該應用在加拿大、澳洲和新西蘭的服務，並願意嘗試解除白宮的顧慮，但微軟警告稱，如果待9月15日不能達成交易，將不再進行談判。

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圍繞TikTok的安全擔憂究竟是什麼？

U.S. officials have said they are concerned TikTok—which has hundreds of millions of users world-wide, and about 100 million in the U.S.—could provide data collected from American users to China’s authoritarian government. TikTok has said it would never do so. Officials also worry that the app could be used to spread Chinese propaganda and that the platform’s moderators are censoring content to appease Chinese government leaders.

8. hundreds of millions of 數億的
9. world-wide 全球
10. provide data (that has been) collected 提供被收集的數據
11. authoritarian government 威權政府
12. propaganda 宣傳
13. moderator 評分審核人
14. censor (v.) content 審查內容
15. appease (v.) government leaders取悅政府(領袖)

美國官員曾表示，他們擔心TikTok可能會向中國威權政府提供從美國用戶那裡收集的數據。TikTok在全球擁有數億用戶，在美國的用戶約為一億。TikTok已表示永遠不會這麼做。官員們還認為這款應用可能被用來傳播宣傳中國的內容，並擔心該平台的審核人員審查內容以取悅北京方面。

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為什麼微軟可能會收購TikTok?

The purchase of TikTok’s U.S. operations, a deal that would likely cost billions of dollars, would bring a huge pool of mostly young users to a company that has thrived during Microsoft Chief Executive Satya Nadella’s tenure largely by focusing on corporate customers. Microsoft would likely invest to grow the app’s user base as well as its relationships with advertisers as it competes with the likes of platforms owned by Facebook Inc., Twitter Inc., Snap Inc. and others. TikTok globally isn’t profitable though Microsoft has deep pockets to invest in the platform. Microsoft could leverage its pool of TikTok’s mostly younger users to bolster its Xbox videogame business and its advertising business, which currently centers on its Bing search engine.

16. would likely 有可能…
would (假設語氣): https://bit.ly/2PuV06F

17. a huge pool of users一大批用戶
pool: https://bit.ly/3idpPZV

18. thrive (v.) 興旺、繁榮
19. tenure 任期
20. user base 用戶基礎
21. advertiser 廣告商
22. the like of sb/sth; sb's/sth's like …之類
23. profitable 有盈利的
24. have deep pockets to invest 有雄厚資金可以投資 (口袋夠深)
25. leverage (v.) 借助已有的…實現新（或更好）的目標
https://bit.ly/30zgi9q
26. bolster (v.) 提高；改善
27. center (v.) on 集中在
28. search engine 搜索引擎

收購TikTok的美國業務可能會花費數十億美元，同時這將為微軟帶來一大批用戶，其中大多數是年輕用戶。在首席執行官納德拉(Satya Nadella)任內，微軟主要通過專注企業客戶實現了蓬勃發展。在與Facebook Inc. (FB)、Twitter Inc. (TWTR)、Snap Inc. (SNAP)等公司的平台展開競爭之際，微軟可能會投資擴大該應用的用戶基礎及其與廣告客戶的關係。TikTok在全球還沒有盈利，不過微軟有雄厚的資金投資這個平台。微軟可以利用TikTok以年輕人為主體的用戶群，提振Xbox遊戲業務和廣告業務。目前，微軟的廣告業務主要集中在必應(Bing)搜索引擎上。

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中國對TikTok美國業務可能出售的消息反應如何？

How is news of the potential sale being received in China?
The potential sale is hardening suspicions of some in China that the U.S. is trying to sabotage efforts to nurture homegrown technology enterprises, with TikTok being among the country’s first apps that is a global smash hit. The partial or complete sale of TikTok has also raised concerns about the precedent a deal could set for Chinese companies with global ambitions as U.S.-China relations unravel.

29. potential sale 可能進行的交易
30. harden suspicion 加劇懷疑
31. sabotage暗中破壞、蓄意破壞（計劃或行動）
32. nurture (v.) 扶植
33. homegrown technology enterprises本土科技企業
34. a global smash hit 一款全球轟動的(應用軟體)
35. raise concerns 引起關注、擔心
36. set a precedent 設下先例
37. unravel (v.) 破壞 (這裡指中美關係出現裂痕)

考慮到TikTok是中國首款在全球轟動的應用軟體，這筆可能進行的出售交易令中國的一些人更加懷疑，美國是在試圖破壞中國培養本土科技企業的努力。此外，在美中關係出現裂痕之際，部分或完全出售TikTok也讓人擔心該交易會為心懷全球抱負的中國企業樹下什麼樣的先例。

《華爾街日報》完整報導：https://rb.gy/qu5r20

圖片出處: https://on.ft.com/2EY7DoU

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📰 華爾街日報訂閱方案: https://bit.ly/39ULVh1

🎓 華爾街日報獎助學金計畫 (A20): https://bit.ly/2C2tUAI