［時事英文］「超前部署 」英文怎麼說？
　
由於最近這個詞出現的頻率很高，所以陸續有同學寫信問我「超前部署」的英文是不是「advanced deployment 」？
　
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１、「advanced」意味著在「程度／層次」（level）上是更高等的、更高級的，例如：
　
➣ an advanced English course
　進階英語課程／高階英語課程／高級英語課程（相對於初、中級）
　
➣ advanced learners of English
　進階英語學習者／高階英語學習者／高級英語學習者
　
➣ advanced physics
　高等物理
　
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２、「advanced」也可以表示非常現代的、最新的（modern），例如：
　
➣ advanced weapon systems
　先進武器系統
　
➣ advanced technology
　先進技術／前瞻技術
　
➣ high levels of unemployment in advanced industrial societies
　先進工業社會的高失業率
　
詳參：https://www.ldoceonline.com/dictionary/advanced
　
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３、若你想表達某事發生在其他事之前，則須用——「in advance (of something)」。例如：
　
➣ I should warn you in advance that I’m not a very good dancer.
　我應該事先告訴你，我不是一位出色的舞者。
　
➣ Many thanks, in advance, for your help.
　在此先感謝您的幫助。
　
➣ The Assembly passed legislation which required organizers of demonstrations to apply three days in advance for government approval.
　議會通過了立法，要求示威的組織者提前三天申請政府批准。
　
詳參：https://www.ldoceonline.com/dictionary/advance
　
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４、在中文的語境裡，「超前部署」本為國軍術語，用於軍事上的部署與配置。因今年疫情而輾轉進入公眾視野，也成為公共衛生的防疫語彙。在英文裡，若想表達兵力上的預置，你可以說：
　
➣ the early deployment of troops
　
➣ deploy troops in advance (of something)
　
➣ deploy troops in preparation (of something)
　
➣ deploy troops ahead of something
　
「超前部署」見於國軍「主動防救」的災防思維，國軍採「超前部署、預置兵力、隨時防救」的作法，以因應重大天災對國家安全的威脅。詳參：https://bit.ly/2WuyIXb
　
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５、在英文裡，「advanced deployment」雖是慣用語，但多用於計算（computing）以及網路管理（network administration），其中涉及較高階的（higher-level）電腦或系統的安裝過程，以利於真實環境裡的高效作業。
　
詳參：https://bit.ly/3ctnd7T
　　　https://bit.ly/3dGULQ5
　
若同學知道更多相關用法，歡迎在下方留言與我們分享，畢竟我不是資通專家ＸＤ
　
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６、可能有些文章會使用「advance deployment」來作為「超前部署」的英文用法，以表達對流行疫情所採取的準備措施。但在英文裡，這並不是常見的用法：
　
That decision did make inconveniences to passengers and losses to THSRC, but that measure in conjunction with Taiwan's “advance deployment” has indeed effectively reduced the risk of people being over-exposed in mass transportation.
　
詳參：https://yhoo.it/3dHexLq
　
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７、「超前部署」雖可置於防疫的語境中，但在英文裡並沒有一個全然相應的用法。而在中文與英文的脈絡下，其所關聯的語意也不盡相同。英語使用者通常會這麼說：
　
❖ 用法Ａ： (early) preventive measures
　
“A contact-tracing app developed in Singapore as a preventive measure against the coronavirus.”

詳參《紐約時報》：https://nyti.ms/3bjfxDT
　
“For the general public, basic preventive measures include keeping a safe distance of 1 to 2 metres, washing hands with soap for 20 seconds or using a hand sanitiser, wearing a face mask if crowded situations cannot be avoided and not touching one’s eyes, nose, and mouth.”

詳參《路透社》：https://reut.rs/3fEMZrK
　
❖ 用法Ｂ：「something＋prevention measures」也頗為常見
　
“Efforts are better spent boosting infection-prevention measures at hospitals.”

詳參《經濟學人》：https://econ.st/2YUoMYu
　
“Vice Premier Chen Chi-Mai shared Taiwan's deployment of big data in our epidemic-prevention measures with two professors visiting from Stanford, C. Jason Wang, director of the Center for Policy, Outcomes and Prevention, and health law scholar Michelle M. Mello.”

詳參中華民國外交部：https://bit.ly/3cnuRk6
　
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其他可以使用的相關片語：
　
➣ take protective measures
　
➣ implement preventive measures
　
➣ infection prevention and control
　
➣ early prevention and detection
　
➣ immediate government intervention
　
歡迎同學在下方留言，與我們分享更多用法！
　
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時事英文講義：https://bit.ly/2XmRYXc
　
時事英文大全：http://bit.ly/2WtAqop
　
如何使用「時事英文」：https://bit.ly/3a9rr38
　
＃超前部署
＃疫情英文

最近2019年新型冠狀病毒（2019 Novel Coronavirus, 2019-nCoV）肆虐各地，來看看相關的英文單字和世界衛生組織（World Health Organization, WHO）提供給大眾的建議吧！

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novel 新型的
coronavirus 冠狀病毒
outbreak 爆發
syndrome 症狀
fever 發燒
cough 咳嗽
shortness of breath 呼吸短促
exposure exposure 暴露
incubation period 潛伏期
respiratory droplets 飛沫
person-to-person spread 人傳人

Frequently clean hands by using alcohol-based hand rub or soap and water.
時常使用酒精洗手劑或用肥皂、清水來清潔雙手。
When coughing and sneezing, cover mouth and nose with flexed elbow or tissue.
當咳嗽或打噴嚏時，應以手肘彎曲的方式或使用衛生紙覆蓋口鼻。
If you have fever, cough and difficulty breathing seek medical care early and share previous travel history with your health care provider
如果你有發燒、咳嗽、呼吸困難等情況，請盡早尋求醫療協助並告知醫護人員你的先前旅遊史。
The consumption of raw or undercooked animal products should be avoided.
應避免食用生的或未煮熟的動物產品。
If you choose to wear a face mask, be sure to cover mouth and nose.
如果你要戴口罩，務必要將口鼻完全覆蓋。

(中文翻譯: 英文多一點 A Little More English)

Karmapa on compassion大寶法王開示慈悲 1/2
( PLEASE SHARE 請分享)

2015/11/14
His Holiness the 17th Gyalwa Karmapa shares a teaching on compassion. Compassion is one of the fundamental teachings of Buddhism, about which Karmapa often speaks.
聖陛下第十七世嘉華噶瑪巴大寶法王分享了一個關於慈悲心的教導。慈悲心是佛教的基本教義之一，噶瑪巴經常提到這些教義。

“Compassion is our inherent nature and a quality of our minds. It simultaneously aims towards the true happiness that is inherent in all of us and it wishes to end confusion for everyone, thus enabling a correct understanding about the world and its beings. Through a very natural outflow of compassion, we give substantial meaning to life.
“慈悲心是我們內在的本質和我們心識的品質。它引導我們得到與生俱來的真正幸福，同時它也希望結束每個人的困惑，從而能夠正確理解世界及其眾生。通過一種非常自然的慈悲心的流露，我們為生命賦予了真實的意義。

Since this quality of compassion is inherent, we don’t have to look anywhere else to find it. Wherever there is a consciousness, there is a seed of compassion. It is the same for wisdom. Wherever there is a consciousness, there is a seed of wisdom, too. Compassion is inseparable from wisdom.
由於慈悲心的本質是固有的，我們不需要去其他地方尋找。只要有意識，便會有慈悲心的種子。智慧也是一樣。只要有意識，便會有智慧的種子。慈悲心與智慧是分不開的。

The free flowing expression and quality of compassion is so important, for without it we will not be able to live our lives fully. Without it we will only be able to experience a fragile, conditioned peace. It is due to compassion resulting in true understanding that we can find unconditioned peace and happiness, and ultimately liberation.
自然流動地表達慈悲心和其品質是非常重要的，因為沒有它，我們將無法完全充實地過活。沒有它，我們只能經歷一個脆弱的，有條件的平和。這是由於慈悲心導致真正的理解到我們可以找到無條件的平和與幸福，並最終達至證悟。

To approach this, the Buddha taught us to cultivate more compassion in ourselves, towards each other and the world by recognizing that the aspiration and motivation to want happiness (and not want unhappiness) is deeply rooted in all of us. If we use this understanding to connect with each other, we could create the basis to develop and cultivate what is most essential in our lives: compassion.
為了解決這個問題，佛陀教導我們長養更多對自己，對彼此和世界的慈悲心，做法是通過認識到發願和渴望得到幸福的動機（而不要不快樂）深深紮根於所有人之中。如果我們利用這種理解來相互聯繫，便可以發展和培養生活中最重要的要素：慈悲心

By sowing seeds of compassionate understanding as each moment passes, we are able to overcome various kinds of confusion without much struggle. Obstacles are easily avoided and we advance safely along the path of virtue, making great use of this precious and fragile human existence. For example, in the midst of obstacles, by focusing on our innermost wishes, this will help us to overcome arising mental and physical challenges.
每一刻通過慈悲地理解的種子，我們能夠不大費勁地克服各種困惑。我們能夠容易地避免障礙和沿著善行的道路安全地前進，而且充分利用這個珍貴而脆弱的人生。例如，在障礙中，通過專注於我們最深切的祈願，這將有助於我們克服身心方面的挑戰。

We should remind ourselves that this cultivation of compassion can be achieved without much hard work. We can cultivate compassion while sitting, walking, or even sleeping. By applying ourselves in this way, we can utilise every spare moment to cultivate compassion, even within this limited physical world.
我們應該提醒自己，可以在日常輕鬆的情況下長養慈悲心。我們可以在坐著，走路，甚至睡覺時長養慈悲心。通過這種方式，即使在這個有限的物理世界中，我們也可以利用每一個空餘時間長養慈悲心。

（英文原文及圖片來源：http://www.karmapa.org/on-compassion/
（中文翻譯由本FB翻譯小組負責。若有錯漏，請見諒。節錄或載列文章內容以原文為準。）