Breaking‼️

美東時間1月5日傍晚，川普以國家安全為由，用行政命令方式禁止阿里支付寶、微信支付、QQ錢包在內的8款中國應用程式（App)。

行政命令發佈後45天，禁止任何人與實體與這8款中國應用程式（App）進行交易。

按照日程，美國下任政府將在15天後，1月20日上任。

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美國商務部長在同一時間發聲明表示，已指示商務部按行政命令執行禁令，「支持川普總統保護美國人民隱私與安全，免於受到中國共產黨的威脅。」

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▫️8款App:

支付寶（Alipay）、掃描全能王(CamScanner)、QQ錢包（QQ Wallet）、茄子快傳（SHAREit）、騰訊QQ（Tencent QQ）、阿里巴巴旗下海外短視頻應用VMate、微信支付（WeChat Pay）和辦公型App WPS Office。

圖三：美國商務部聲明

圖四：美國國安顧問聲明
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▫️白宮行政命令全文：

The White House
Office of the Press Secretary
FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE
January 5, 2021
EXECUTIVE ORDER



- - - - - - -



ADDRESSING THE THREAT POSED BY APPLICATIONS AND OTHER SOFTWARE DEVELOPED OR CONTROLLED BY CHINESE COMPANIES



By the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution and the laws of the United States of America, including the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.) (IEEPA), the National Emergencies Act (50 U.S.C. 1601 et seq.), and section 301 of title 3, United States Code,

I, DONALD J. TRUMP, President of the United States of America, find that additional steps must be taken to deal with the national emergency with respect to the information and communications technology and services supply chain declared in Executive Order 13873 of May 15, 2019 (Securing the Information and Communications Technology and Services Supply Chain). Specifically, the pace and pervasiveness of the spread in the United States of certain connected mobile and desktop applications and other software developed or controlled by persons in the People's Republic of China, to include Hong Kong and Macau (China), continue to threaten the national security, foreign policy, and economy of the United States. At this time, action must be taken to address the threat posed by these Chinese connected software applications.

By accessing personal electronic devices such as smartphones, tablets, and computers, Chinese connected software applications can access and capture vast swaths of information from users, including sensitive personally identifiable information and private information. This data collection threatens to provide the Government of the People's Republic of China (PRC) and the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) with access to Americans' personal and proprietary information -- which would permit China to track the locations of Federal employees and contractors, and build dossiers of personal information.

The continuing activity of the PRC and the CCP to steal or otherwise obtain United States persons' data makes clear that there is an intent to use bulk data collection to advance China's economic and national security agenda. For example, the 2014 cyber intrusions of the Office of Personnel Management of security clearance records of more than 21 million people were orchestrated by Chinese agents. In 2015, a Chinese hacking group breached the United States health insurance company Anthem, affecting more than 78 million Americans. And the Department of Justice indicted members of the Chinese military for the 2017 Equifax cyber intrusion that compromised the personal information of almost half of all Americans.

In light of these risks, many executive departments and agencies (agencies) have prohibited the use of Chinese connected software applications and other dangerous software on Federal Government computers and mobile phones. These prohibitions, however, are not enough given the nature of the threat from Chinese connected software applications. In fact, the Government of India has banned the use of more than 200 Chinese connected software applications throughout the country; in a statement, India's Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology asserted that the applications were "stealing and surreptitiously transmitting users' data in an unauthorized manner to servers which have locations outside India."

The United States has assessed that a number of Chinese connected software applications automatically capture vast swaths of information from millions of users in the United States, including sensitive personally identifiable information and private information, which would allow the PRC and CCP access to Americans' personal and proprietary information.

The United States must take aggressive action against those who develop or control Chinese connected software applications to protect our national security.

Accordingly, I hereby order:

Section 1. (a) The following actions shall be prohibited beginning 45 days after the date of this order, to the extent permitted under applicable law: any transaction by any person, or with respect to any property, subject to the jurisdiction of the United States, with persons that develop or control the following Chinese connected software applications, or with their subsidiaries, as those transactions and persons are identified by the Secretary of Commerce (Secretary) under subsection (e) of this section: Alipay, CamScanner, QQ Wallet, SHAREit, Tencent QQ, VMate, WeChat Pay, and WPS Office.

(b) The Secretary is directed to continue to evaluate Chinese connected software applications that may pose an unacceptable risk to the national security, foreign policy, or economy of the United States, and to take appropriate action in accordance with Executive Order 13873.

(c) Not later than 45 days after the date of this order, the Secretary, in consultation with the Attorney General and the Director of National Intelligence, shall provide a report to the Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs with recommendations to prevent the sale or transfer of United States user data to, or access of such data by, foreign adversaries, including through the establishment of regulations and policies to identify, control, and license the export of such data.

(d) The prohibitions in subsection (a) of this section apply except to the extent provided by statutes, or in regulations, orders, directives, or licenses that may be issued pursuant to this order, and notwithstanding any contract entered into or any license or permit granted before the date of this order.

(e) Not earlier than 45 days after the date of this order, the Secretary shall identify the transactions and persons that develop or control the Chinese connected software applications subject to subsection (a) of this section.

Sec. 2. (a) Any transaction by a United States person or within the United States that evades or avoids, has the purpose of evading or avoiding, causes a violation of, or attempts to violate the prohibition set forth in this order is prohibited.

(b) Any conspiracy formed to violate any of the prohibitions set forth in this order is prohibited.

Sec. 3. For the purposes of this order:

(a) the term "connected software application" means software, a software program, or group of software programs, designed to be used by an end user on an end-point computing device and designed to collect, process, or transmit data via the Internet as an integral part of its functionality.

(b) the term "entity" means a government or instrumentality of such government, partnership, association, trust, joint venture, corporation, group, subgroup, or other organization, including an international organization;

(c) the term "person" means an individual or entity;

(d) the term "personally identifiable information" (PII) is information that, when used alone or with other relevant data, can identify an individual. PII may contain direct identifiers (e.g., passport information) that can identify a person uniquely, or quasi-identifiers (e.g., race) that can be combined with other quasi-identifiers (e.g., date of birth) to successfully recognize an individual.

(e) the term "United States person" means any United States citizen, permanent resident alien, entity organized under the laws of the United States or any jurisdiction within the United States (including foreign branches), or any person in the United States.

Sec. 4. (a) The Secretary, in consultation with the Secretary of the Treasury and the Attorney General, is hereby authorized to take such actions, including adopting rules and regulations, and to employ all powers granted to me by IEEPA, as may be necessary to implement this order. All agencies shall take all appropriate measures within their authority to implement this order.

(b) The heads of agencies shall provide, in their discretion and to the extent permitted by law, such resources, information, and assistance to the Department of Commerce as required to implement this order, including the assignment of staff to the Department of Commerce to perform the duties described in this order.

Sec. 5. Severability. If any provision of this order, or the application of any provision to any person or circumstance, is held to be invalid, the remainder of this order and the application of its other provisions to any other persons or circumstances shall not be affected thereby.

Sec. 6. General Provisions. (a) Nothing in this order shall be construed to impair or otherwise affect:

(i) the authority granted by law to an executive department, agency, or the head thereof; or

(ii) the functions of the Director of the Office of Management and Budget relating to budgetary, administrative, or legislative proposals.

(b) This order shall be implemented consistent with applicable law and subject to the availability of appropriations.

(c) This order is not intended to, and does not, create any right or benefit, substantive or procedural, enforceable at law or in equity by any party against the United States, its departments, agencies, or entities, its officers, employees, or agents, or any other person.



DONALD J. TRUMP



THE WHITE HOUSE,

January 5, 2021.

因產品已改朝換代，舊產品面臨重大漏洞時，廠商直接停止支援且不予修補的情況又再度重演。例如，微軟最近宣布，將停用並移除Hyper-V上的RemoteFX vGPU，原因與該模組出現RCE漏洞有關。該功能微軟已由Discrete Device Assignment取代，但使用者必須在採用伺服器作業系統Windows Server 2016以上的版本，才能使用，其他透過其他版本Windows執行RemoteFX vGPU的用戶，恐怕沒有替代方案可用。
https://www.ithome.com.tw/news/138961

{11} 【免費網上學習資源】Future Learn/MOOC/Class-central

幾個月前，待業中的我想利用時間增值自己，忽然想起了在大學工作時聽過的一個網上學習資源--MOOC。MOOC 是Massive Open Online Course的簡稱，2006年開始很多著名大學(Harvard, MIT, Columbia, Monash, Oxford, HKU etc)都會把一些課程放到網上，免費讓世界各地的人學習。到2012年的時候已開始普及全球，到現在已經相當成熟，百花齊放。不管你想讀有關Business、歷史、環境、電腦程式、心理學、科學、法律、教育、動物等題目，都應有盡有。(課程主要以英語授課，但有字幕和Transcript，video大多可以調較語速，是增進英文的方法)

到底是怎樣運作的呢?課程一般都是免費的，但你可以在完成課程(必須完成所有指定計分的quiz/assignment合格)後付費取得證書(一般幾十英鎊左右)。課程一般長達2-8星期，每星期約需花3小時左右去把教學video看完, 完成一些小測驗/參與forum討論等。它會告訴你若要取得證書，要完成多少項「任務」，如weekly quiz要有80%(可重考多次至合格為止)，要交1/2份assignment由同學互評等。當然如果沒有打算取得證書，可以輕鬆的只看course materials而不交功課。

課程有Self-paced的, 全年隨時按自己速度去把課程讀完；也有在指定日期開課課程，每星期有interactive的活動和討論，assignments和quiz會有deadline(讓你緊貼進度)，並有tutor跟進解答問題，甚至有google live chat。(但其實你仍可Learn ahead的, 通常它都一次過把所有星期的內容上載了)

Future Learn有好幾個課程都在今個星期開課(19/6/2017)，我正打算讀Monash University 4星期的"Law for Non-Lawyers: Introduction to Law"課程(雖然是澳洲的大學, 但因為跟英國一樣都是Common Law System所以都可以學一下入門級簡單概念和日常生活的應用)。(https://www.futurelearn.com/courses/law-for-non-lawyers…)

Week 1: Contract Law
Week 2: Criminal Law
Week 3: Torts Law
Week 4: Intellectual Property Law

還有University of Sheffield 3星期的"How to succeed at: writing applications" 也很適合準備找工作/報大學的朋友看看，有寫CV和面試的技巧分享。(https://www.futurelearn.com/courses/writing-applications)

除了Future Learn, 較有名的平台還包括EdX和Coursera(它們都有手機程式版可下載)。
(*平台是由大學自己選擇)

想最齊全的知道所有MOOC課程(集結各大平台)，可到Class-Central網頁，能按科目、大學、評分、開課日期等搜尋:
https://www.class-central.com/

#如果覺得有甚麼好的課程不妨分享一下
#有網上討論環節的課程會叫你介紹一下自己
#可和世界各地的同學以文字交流
#鍛煉英文聆聽閱讀和寫作的好機會
#學海無涯
#Working和holiday之餘也不忘learning