【戲院沒落】荷里活需要新的片酬模式

華納媒體（WarnerMedia）去年12月3日宣布，將把下一年的新電影在其新串流媒體平台HBO Max上同步發行。消息一出，影迷和評論家紛紛哀歎戲院即將消失，更讓投資者及為這家製片公司拍攝影片的導演感到不安。

幾十年來，電影明星和知名導演除了賺取基本薪酬，還能從影片的盈利中分賬，後者往往取決於影片的票房成績。劇務人員、編劇和其他演員則從餘下的部份賺錢。每當一部影片售出DVD發行權或電視播出權時，他們都能賺到錢。但大部份進入串流媒體平台的電影不會在戲院裡上映。串流媒體營運商會對這些電影預先付費，意味著製片人、導演和影星無法再賺到因為票房火爆而得到的額外收入。Akin Gump Strauss Hauer & Feld律師事務所從事娛樂和媒體事務的斯派塞（Chris Spicer）說：「總括而言，串流媒體模式的確有可能將製片人、明星和導演長期以來享受的經濟利益轉移給串流媒體營運商。」

一般而言，Netflix買下一部影片之後，會出一筆費用，以獲得該片在全球市場的所有權益。有了這種安排，賣方就可以不必去迎合幾十個外國市場的大眾口味。隨著Netflix的成功及戲院觀眾數量的下滑，所有大型媒體公司都被迫開始為串流媒體平台製作影片，這變化在疫情爆發後更是進一步加速。

這種做法對票房收入會帶來非常明顯的影響。舉例來說，《神奇女俠1984》（Wonder Woman 1984）於2020年聖誕節當天在戲院和HBO Max同時上映，首個周末在美國創下的票房收入只有1670萬美元。而該系列的前一部影片《神奇女俠》於2017年在美國上映首個周末的票房高達1.03億美元。

過去一個月，華納媒體一直與幾部影片的製片人、主要演員及投資人就新合約進行談判。華納提出，將付給他們有保證的簽約預付片酬，並下調戲院播放票房掛鉤獎金的觸發門檻。儘管華納媒體行政總裁基拉（Jason Kilar）稱這種發行策略是應對疫情的臨時措施，但許多娛樂業人士並不這麼認為。製片人布倫（Jason Blum）說：「事情往往是開弓沒有回頭箭。」——Lucas Shaw、Kelly Gilblom

#疫情 #串流媒體 #Netflix #HBOMax #DVD #華納 #電影 #戲院

（本文節選自《彭博商業周刊∕中文版》第213期，如欲查閱全文，歡迎訂閱）
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final chapter
感謝大家對盧修斯的支持，我會繼續錄製更多的遊戲，謝謝大家。:D

Lucius is a psychological horror adventure stealth game in which the player takes form of a six-year-old boy gifted with supernatural powers akin to the Antichrist, reminiscent of Damien Thorn from The Omen.

When Lucius was born on the date of June 6th, 1966, nobody expected him to be anything other than a normal little boy. His childhood, spent in the luxurious manor on the private estate of his father, a US Governor, was as normal as every kid's young years, excluding the extreme wealth of his parents.

The night before Lucius turns six, the Devil appears in his dreams and identifies himself as Lucius' "real father". The Devil tasks his son with aiding the powers of evil in taking over the world. Lucius kicks off this global takeover by first murdering every member of his household, including staff, in order to obtain his father's vast fortune and make use of the political power associated with his name.

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chapter 16~17

Lucius is a psychological horror adventure stealth game in which the player takes form of a six-year-old boy gifted with supernatural powers akin to the Antichrist, reminiscent of Damien Thorn from The Omen.

When Lucius was born on the date of June 6th, 1966, nobody expected him to be anything other than a normal little boy. His childhood, spent in the luxurious manor on the private estate of his father, a US Governor, was as normal as every kid's young years, excluding the extreme wealth of his parents.

The night before Lucius turns six, the Devil appears in his dreams and identifies himself as Lucius' "real father". The Devil tasks his son with aiding the powers of evil in taking over the world. Lucius kicks off this global takeover by first murdering every member of his household, including staff, in order to obtain his father's vast fortune and make use of the political power associated with his name.

chapter 14~15

Lucius is a psychological horror adventure stealth game in which the player takes form of a six-year-old boy gifted with supernatural powers akin to the Antichrist, reminiscent of Damien Thorn from The Omen.

When Lucius was born on the date of June 6th, 1966, nobody expected him to be anything other than a normal little boy. His childhood, spent in the luxurious manor on the private estate of his father, a US Governor, was as normal as every kid's young years, excluding the extreme wealth of his parents.

The night before Lucius turns six, the Devil appears in his dreams and identifies himself as Lucius' "real father". The Devil tasks his son with aiding the powers of evil in taking over the world. Lucius kicks off this global takeover by first murdering every member of his household, including staff, in order to obtain his father's vast fortune and make use of the political power associated with his name.