【Adapt、adept、adopt只差一個字母，意思卻大不相同】#實用英文

首先我們先看一下Adapt，作為及物動詞使用時，意思是「使…適應不同情況或用途；改動；改造」，常在受詞後方加上to來連接名詞或是原形動詞，表示「改動…以因應…」。

Adapt作為及物動詞使用時也可表示「改編」，常用來描述小說的改編影劇。Adapt sth. for television意思是「把…改編成電視劇」、adapt sth. for the big screen意思則是「把…改編成電影」。

讓我們看一下例句：

#英文 #字母 #教學 VoiceTube 看影片學英語

長賜輪在蘇伊士運河擱淺後,綜合外電報導的省思:極限邊緣的船舶操縱,科學與安全之間給”人的反應”留下多少”餘裕空間?

航行員都知道:在有限水域中的船舶操縱與大洋中的船舶操縱有極大的差別,也因此而產生一些”異常反應”的專有名詞,譬如:淺水效應,岸吸/岸推,船體下坐(Squat),狗頭嗅地(Dog smelling),單俥右旋船在淺水區倒俥時之船頭可能向左,主要的原因都是來自船舶四周的海水,來不及湧入去填補船艉所造成之空穴.

也因為這個緣故,Suez Canal當局對過河船隻有一些船寬,吃水,速度上的限制.基於經濟上的考慮,可以想像這些限制都是在”水工模型”下最大化的尺度界線.(越大的船過河費越貴),然而這些都是理想環境下的科學論證,實際上船舶操縱者的精神狀態,駕駛台的氣氛環境,外界視線,無線電之干擾,Marlboro菸未如預期,住艙走廊上”波斯市場”的氛圍….都在影響著”駕駛台資源管理(BRM)”,而使得船舶之實際Performance遊走在”紅線”邊緣,更糟的是一但越過紅線(Point of non-return),情況就越來越糟,猶如在山脊上騎腳踏車.

這次的重大意外,在檢討”船舶因素”之外,蘇伊士運河當局也應該重新考慮”紅線邊緣的緩衝區”是否應適度放寬,以因應船舶無止境的大型化,因應極端氣候下的異常天氣,因應新世代船員之特性,另外也可考慮在駕駛台放一箱Marlboro,讓有需要的人看自己包包大小量力自取,畢竟比起全球供應鏈上的損失,這都是微不足道的”潤滑油”.不是嗎?

The Suez Canal Authority occasionally brings out updated tables of width and acceptable draft for ships. Currently the permissible limits for suezmax ships are 20.1 m (66 ft) of draught with the beam no wider than 50 m (164.0 ft), or 12.2 m (40 ft) of draught with maximum allowed beam of 77.5 m (254 ft). Due to their design and size, a large number of ports around the world can accommodate suezmax vessels.
17,65 56,96
, a new set is being built for vessels as large as 366 meters in length, 49 meters in beam and 15.2 meters in draft at tropical frvessel.
That would have surpassed the speed limit of about 7.6 knots (8.7 miles an hour) to 8.6 knots that is listed as the maximum speed vessels are “allowed to transit” through the canal, according to the Suez authority’s rules of navigation handbook posted on its website. Captains interviewed for this story said it can pay to increase the speed in the face of a strong wind to maneuver the ship better.
“Speeding up to a certain point is effective,” said Chris Gillard, who was captain of a 300-meter container ship that crossed the Suez monthly for nearly a decade until 2019. “More than that and it becomes counter effective because the bow will get sucked down deep into the water. Then, adding too much power does nothing but exacerbate the problem.”
“You might find yourself positioning the ship in one direction, and you’re actually moving in another direction,” said Kinsey. “There’s a very fine line between having enough speed to maneuver and not having too much speed that the air and hydrodynamics become unstable. Any deviation can get real bad real quick because it’s so tight.”

The accident will be a missed opportunity if the industry doesn’t adapt, he said. “There will be vessels larger than this one that will be going through the Suez,” he said. “The next incident will be worse.”

• The Ever Given's speed was 13.5 knots before it ran aground, The Japan Times reported.
•
• Bloomberg reported the Suez Canal speed limit was between 7.6 knots and 8.6 knots.
The Ever Given didn't have a tugboat escort through the canal, according to Bloomberg. The two ships immediately ahead of it reportedly had escorts, although such escorts were not required.

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💵Paying Americans not to work
政府大撒幣，不拿是傻Ｂ？
如果是你會接受嗎？歡迎在留言區回覆你的看法！

開啟「接收通知」和「搶先看」每天吸收雙語時事新知
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⛑Much of the harm from the coronavirus is unavoidable, but it would be nice if politicians didn’t compound the damage by ignoring the laws of economics. The worst blunder so far on that score is the $600 increase in federal jobless benefits that is already undermining the economic recovery.
因新冠病毒疫情而來的傷害多數是無可避免，但這些傷害卻因為政客忽視經濟法則而加重，至今最大的錯誤是政府增加了600美元的失業補助，該項補助正在破壞經濟復甦。

-compound：使加重
-blunder：（因粗心或思慮欠周而造成）大錯
-undermine：削弱、損害

⛑On Wednesday we ran an op-ed from Kurt Huffman, whose Portland, Ore., company helps chefs run and staff their restaurants. Because of the coronavirus, he had to lay off 700 people. But some restaurants have adapted with takeout and delivery, so he needs to hire some back.
週三，我們做了一輯Kurt Huffman的特別專欄，他的公司位於奧勒岡州的波特蘭市，專門協助主廚經營他們的餐廳與提供人力，近期由於疫情的關係，他已經解雇了七百名員工，但有些餐廳已經成功轉向外帶與外送的服務，所以他需要重新聘僱一些員工。

＊op-ed：opposite to the editorial的簡稱，此為歐美報紙出版業專有名詞，相對內部編輯撰寫的社論（不具名）版面，op-ed是外部人士具名撰寫之時事評析。
-staff：名詞員工，動詞為…提供人力
-lay off：解僱
-adapt with：適應

📰Some extra unemployment insurance is necessary, but the rich extra compensation from the $2.2 trillion Cares Act is encouraging those employees to stay home. Mr. Huffman did the math in his op-ed: A starting wage for a line cook is about $640 a week. Oregon’s unemployment offers about $416 per week. But thanks to the $600 federal bonus, that same worker now collects $1,016. Why would anyone take a pay cut to go back to work?
部分的失業津貼加碼是必須的，但那些2.2兆美元維生法案所帶來的豐厚津貼卻是在鼓勵員工待在家中，Huffman在他專欄中做了個計算：假設一個二廚原先的基本週薪為640美元，奧勒岡州的失業補助提供了每週416元的津貼，但感謝聯邦政府每週加碼的600美元，現在原先每週只領416美元失業補助的廚師變成每週可以領到1016美元，如此為什麼有人要回去上班領較少的薪水呢？

-Cares Act：多翻為維生法案
-compensation：補償金
-wage：（通常指勞力工作）工資
-line cook: 主廚底下的二廚

未完待續...
到底為什麼會有這樣不合常理的事情發生？
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❓❓Quiz: His parents are one of the ________ which _________ his career.
他的父母是阻礙他事業發展的因素之一💁🙋🏻‍🙋🏼‍♀️
A. incentives, stop
B. disincentives, adapt
C. disincentives, undermine
D. Inception, Trumps

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