【#改變世界】膠樽，全球平均每分鐘消費掉100萬個，可是回收率只有約14%，其餘大多送到堆填區，更有數之不盡的會流入海洋；大腸桿菌，常見於人和動物腸道內的細菌，其中某些菌株可引致嚴重的食物傳播疾病，感染的病徵包括腹瀉、發燒和嘔吐等。

膠樽和大腸桿菌，兩者看似風馬牛不相及，不過原來當兩者結合，竟會得出驚人的成果 ── 應該說是十分甜美的成果？

根據英國科學期刊《綠色化學》(Green Chemistry)刊登的新研究，愛丁堡大學的科學家利用基因改造的大腸桿菌，竟可以將膠樽轉化成雲呢拿味調味料香草精(Vanillin)，為史上第一次利用塑膠廢料轉化成具價值的化學製品，可謂化腐朽為神奇。

由愛丁堡大學學者Joanna Sadler帶領的研究團隊，嘗試先將膠樽分解成塑膠的基本分子「對苯二甲酸」(TA)，然後利用經基因改造的用大腸桿菌，將TA轉化成香草精，成功率達79%。不過，仍需進一步測試此香草精是否真的適合人類食用。

香草精常用於製作食品及化妝品，包括大家常吃的雲呢拿雪糕，也有機會用到香草精。因全球自然種植的雲呢拿原材料早已供不應求，現時全球超過八成的香草精都是化學品合成而來。

如果塑膠轉化香草精這種技術真的能夠普及，相信有望提高全球的膠樽回收率，從而進一步改善塑膠污染問題。
－ － －
《明周文化》推介：
攀樹師兼樹藝師 見證香港樹的變遷
https://youtu.be/_FkzoObeJmU
612兩周年 被遮蔽的記憶
https://bit.ly/359gQo9
－ － －
◢ 緊貼明周文化 ◣
MeWe：bit.ly/3oCfmuo
Instagram：bit.ly/2TORYuE
YouTube：bit.ly/2klNzmB
Telegram：t.me/mpwchanneldepthreport

#膠樽 #膠樽回收 #塑膠垃圾 #塑膠污染 #雲呢拿 #雲呢拿雪糕 #香草精 #大腸桿菌 #基因改造 #vanillin #我就是我

◼︎ 香氛原料—脂肪醛類家族Fatty Aldehyde family

今天終於下大雨了，感動到想出去淋雨跳舞💃，但疫情期間，還是在家裡整理資料吧！寫多了，就可以出書了😂
——————————————————

對於剛學調香的人對「醛類」是陌生的，但它並不是一個罕見的成分，在天然的植物中也有相當程度的醛類成分，但這些·存在天然精油的醛，部分具有刺激過敏性，例如肉桂醛（Cinnamic aldehyde），香茅醛（Citronellal）、檸檬醛（Citral）等，食用香料常用的香草醛（Vanillin）算是大家比較熟悉的，不過今天我們談的並不是這類醛類分子，而是讓Chanel No.5 能屹立不搖的合成脂肪醛類。

據說Chanel No.5 的調香師Ernest Beaux 當年在設計這支香水時花費許多心力，甚至還遠赴南極尋找靈感，就在寫好配方後他的助理因為誤看了醛類的濃度，加入超出預期的劑量，卻意外的改變調香的歷史，同時它可以讓氣味延續的更久，因此醛類在芳香原料中佔有一定的地位。

脂肪醛類的氣味非常多元，第一次聞到C12醛，根本就是DIY椰子起泡劑的味道，刺鼻又帶有油脂味，還有一種莫名的肥皂腥味，氣味相當濃郁，實在讓人無法想像它居然是香水原料，但稀釋後少量加入配方中，讓氣味多了一種醇厚圓潤感，讓不同的氣味分子多了一層包覆連結，有時會讓人無法正確分離出香味中的醛味，畢竟在許多天然植物的氣味裡多少都有一點醛類分子，或許這就是醛類氣味分子的特色。

◼︎

脂肪醛類氣味分子的命名根據分子中包含的碳原子數，它們是一個系列的延伸，當然它們也會產生不同的氣味，油脂味、清潔劑味、蠟味、花香或柑橘味都有，以下提供大家來參考：

🌈 庚醛（Aldehyde C-7 Heptanl）：具有綠色的清新油脂味，濃郁的綠色果皮味。
🌈 辛醛（Aldehyde C-8 Octanal）：柑橘果皮與一點玫瑰花香加上脂肪感。
🌈 壬醛（Aldehyde C-9 Nonana）：絲絨玫瑰脂肪味，柑橘果皮上的臘味。
🌈 癸醛（Aldehyde C-10 Decanal）:橘皮、古龍水脂肪味。
🌈 11醛（Aldehyde C-11 Undecanal）:臭氧、洗衣服味。
🌈 11烯醛（Aldehyde C-11 Undecylenic）:新鮮橘皮、玫瑰與蠟的肥皂油脂味
🌈 12月桂醛（Aldehyde C-12 Lauric Dodecanal）:清潔劑、金屬感
🌈 12醛MNA（Aldehyde C-12 MNA）:堅果油脂、新鮮木質琥珀、金屬、晚香玉

◼︎

此外，還有幾個不是真正的醛，但命名卻跟著醛的數字，在這裡也跟大家來導正下觀念，至於為什麼這樣列？請容許小編再來查詢。
🍑 14醛，也稱桃醛，化學名是 𝜸-十一內酯（Gamma Undecalactone）：在天然的桃子、桂花、雞蛋花、奶油等裡就有的化學分子，具有桃子、杏桃、水果的脂肪氣味，也是常用的食用香料。

🍓 16醛，也稱草莓醛、楊梅醛，(Ethyl Methyl Phenyl Glycidate)：中文名稱就很好辨識原料的特性，就是具有草莓的氣味，但也適合做為蘋果、風信子、玫瑰等的湯底氣味。

🥥 18醛，就是椰子醛，化學名是γ-壬内酯（Gamma Nonalactone）：常見的食用香料，椰子、奶香是它的特色，用於晚香玉、梔子花、香草、牛奶味都很適合。不久前一個企業氣味訂製使用無花果當主調，加入椰子醛，綠色的奶香感還蠻不錯的。

大部分的真正醛類單體是需要稀釋後再使用的，在現代的商業香水中，可以拉出一長串都有添加，醛類除了可以讓氣味圓潤豐厚，定香與延長氣味的時間，它都有很好的表現，在新的香水基調中，不再只有單純的花香調或柑橘調等，醛香基調也是調香師的必學課程，多多練習吧！

———————————
#專業調香師養成班
#高階班
#單體原料
#企業氣味設計
#客製化氣味設計

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Violette Wautier - กักตัว (Official Music Video)
ฟังเพลง “กักตัว” ได้แล้ว : https://Violette.lnk.to/QuarantineID

Written by Violette Wautier and Syps
Produced by Vichaya Vatanasapt and Violette Wautier
Arranged by Vichaya Vatanasapt and Violette Wautier
Recorded by Saranya Verawat at Dynamic Record Studio
Mixed and Mastered by Vichaya Vatanasapt at TPSM Studio

Starring
Jirayu Tangsrisuk
Violette Wautier
Jirayu Laongmanee
Beam and his sisters

Director : Guayteaw
Producer : Far Suksomart
Assistant Director : Yannawat Phuenudom
Production Manager : Tanyasiri Kuarod

Director of Photography : Danuwat Jettana
Focus Puller : Pongthep Janphophan

Art Director : Wanwida chattongkum
Sun of wolf studio

Stylist : Warumporn Rakbumrung
Assistant Stylist : Ratchaphon Charoenkusol

James’s Makeup Artist : Kanniput Sananwong
James’s Hair Stylist : Paiboon Chencharatwat
Violette’s Makeup Artist : Butsarin Wangwisan
Violette’s Hair Stylist : Thanupol Phoothepamornkul

Choreographer : Finale & Victor

Camera : Lifeboat Camera
Ligthing : 164 lite production co ltd

Catering : P’Ae

Editor : Wallevee
Colourist : Jadeprd
Compositor : Pattararanan Sukbutr
Jirapat Chumee

Special Thanks
Outfit:
CHANEL
LANDMEE
SALISA
MOLIVIEN
IMNOTAMORNING
Reverie
VANILLIN
PMITH
ANURUQ
MORETHANCLOTHES
MunPenBun BANGKOK
MYSTERYSHOP BKK

Shoes:
CAMPER (Pacifica Group)
Keds (Pacifica Group)

Accessories:
CHANEL

Lyrics:

คิดถึงเธอ ทุกทุกวัน
อยากอยู่ด้วยกัน อยากเจอเธอทุกที

อย่าไปไหนไกล เธอน่ารักไป
ฉันกลัวใคร จะมาชอบเธอ

*ปิดประตู มาอยู่ในห้องนอน
หยุดทำงาน เรามาเพื่อพักผ่อน
ลืมเวลา และโลกข้างนอกไปก่อน
ใครโทรมา เธอไม่ต้องรับได้มั้ย

**อยากชวนเธอมา
ลอง Quarantine ลองมากักตัวด้วยกัน
นอนดูทีวี Netflix and Chill ทั้งวัน
ก็หวงให้ทำไง กักเธอไม่ให้ใกล้ใคร
Ooh I want you

ตื่นด้วยกัน เจอหน้ากัน
ทุกทุกวัน แค่นั้นที่ต้องการ

ไม่ต้องไปที่ไหน ไม่ต้องทำอะไร
ไม่ต้องไปกังวลกับเรื่องของใคร

(*/**)

***ลอง Quarantine ลองมากักตัวด้วยกัน
ฟังเพลงดีดี เต้นรำในห้องทั้งวัน
ก็หวงให้ทำไง กักเธอไม่ให้ใกล้ใคร
Ooh I want you

Bridge
อยากชวนเธอมา ลอง Quarantine ลองมากักตัวด้วยกัน
Come on baby อ๊ะอา ด้วยกันทั้งวัน
(*)

Connect with Violette Wautier :
https://www.instagram.com/violettewautier
https://www.facebook.com/violettewautierofficial
https://twitter.com/violettewautier

For work please contact :
[email protected]

#กักตัว #กักตัวกับวี #VioletteWautier

Violette Wautier – I'd Do It Again (Official Video)
Listen & Purchase "Glitter and Smoke" album : https://apple.co/GlitterSmoke
Song available on every platforms : https://Violette.lnk.to/IdDoItAgainID

Connect with Violette Wautier :
https://www.instagram.com/violettewautier
https://www.facebook.com/violettewautierofficial
https://twitter.com/violettewautier

For work please contact :
[email protected]

Written by Violette Wautier, Nathalie Mac, Yoad Nevo
Produced by Yoad Nevo, Vichaya Vatanasapt

Directed by PAPHAWEE J.
Assistant Director : Atthawut Intagoon
DOP : Natdanai Naksuwan
Producers : Arunwan So / Sawanya Jumchart
Production Manager : Sirada Rattanasetthavorn
Production Assistant : Pimpisa Dorksanthia
Stylist : Warumporn rakbumrung
Assistant Stylist : Narawit Pengboontru
Art Department : Phiyawat Sangcawijit / Phubed Sriaram / Parakorn Manshot / Nuttapon Meepromsuksun / Panudech Wongprem
Make up (Violette) : Worawoot Watchanucha
Hair Stylist (Violette) : Thanupol Phoothepamornkul

Camera Team : Camera B
Lighting Team : The Cinema Base Co., Ltd.
Unit Team : Pa-ruay Unit
Emergency Team : BBK AMBULANCE THAILAND.

Cast Ex-boyfriend
Liam J. Ward

Post Production : White Light Post Co., Ltd. / So Good House Co., Ltd.
Post-Producer : Thanyathorn Boonthuam
Editor : Harin Paesongthai
Assistant Editor : Wachrakorn Thaweesab
Colorist : Nuttacha Khajornkiatsakul
VFX : Issara Thonglert / Sompon Kadsanith

Special Thanks
Chavakorn Sringkaranan
VANILLIN
PARV
VIRGIN X MERMAID
GEMSTER OPENONMUSEUM


Lyrics:

I recall when you were mine
You used to teach me how to drive
You used to make fun of me when I’d cry

And I remember how we met
3rd of July I wore a white dress
And your hand was broken you were in a cast

And we fell in love
But we both messed it up
You were a storm and I was fire
Yeah we both had enough
Of Things broken on the floor
What were we fighting for?

It was bitter sweet
You were like a dream
And I was your girl on the passenger seat
Right next to you
We were unstoppable
We thought we had it all

We used to laugh about the things
That no one else would find funny
Just you and me when nobody’s around

And I remember every second
When we broke up in your car
I held a smile and held you in my arms

We were so in love
But we both messed it up
You were a storm and I was fire
Yeah we both have given up
It’s not working anymore (no)
Don’t want to fight no more

It was bitter sweet
You were like a dream
And I was your girl on the passenger seat
Right next to you
We were unstoppable
We thought we had it all

Even if I knew this would end
I’d do it again
Even if I knew this would end
I’d do it again
Even if I knew this would end
I’d do it again
Even if I knew this would end
I’d do it again

We were so in love
But we both messed it up
(I’d do it again)

Storm and fire
Yeah we both had enough
(I’d do it again)

Bitter sweet
you were like a dream
(I’d do it again)

But I’d do it again
I’d do it again
I’d do it again

#VioletteWautier #IdDoItAgain #GlitterAndSmoke

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