[時事英文] 新冠病毒將如何改變教育？

How will the coronavirus change education?

No one knows for sure, but some schools have begun switching entirely to online programs. Just yesterday, Stanford University announced that it will move all of its classes online.

沒有人確切知道，但一些學校開始全面轉換成線上教學。就在昨天，史丹佛大學宣布將所有課程移至線上。

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The coronavirus has forced at least nine countries, as well as countless provinces, cities and towns, to close schools in an effort to contain the outbreak’s spread. Hundreds of millions of students around the globe are now out of school in China, South Korea, Iran, Italy, Japan, France, Pakistan and elsewhere.

1. in an effort to 致力於
2. contain the outbreak’s spread 控制疫情的傳播

冠狀病毒迫使至少九個國家，以及數不清的省市鄉鎮停課來控制疫情傳播，類似的混亂和干擾在世界各地蔓延。在中國、韓國、伊朗、義大利、日本、法國、巴基斯坦和其他地方，全球有數億學生無法上學。

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It is a grand social experiment with little parallel in the modern era of education. Schools and the school day help provide the structure and support for families, communities and entire economies. And the effect of closing them for weeks and sometimes months en masse could have untold repercussions for children and society at large, transcending geographies and class.

3. a grand social experiment 這是一場宏大的社會實驗
4. with little parallel 幾乎沒有同情況發生過
5. the modern era of education 現代教育領域
6. en mass 一起，全體
7. have untold repercussion 無法估量的影響
8. at large 普遍地，全體地
9. transcend 超越，超過，超出（尤指界限）

這是一場宏大的社會實驗，在現代教育領域可說史無前例。學校和去上學的日子有助於為家庭、社區和整個經濟提供架構和支撐。將學校關閉數週甚至數月，可能會對孩子乃至整體社會產生無法估量的、超越地域和階層的影響。

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Older students have missed crucial study sessions for college admissions exams, while younger ones have risked falling behind on core subjects like reading and math. Parents have scrambled to find child care or to work from home. Families have moved children to new schools in areas unaffected by the coronavirus, and lost milestones like graduation ceremonies or last days of school.

10. crucial study session 重要學習環節
11. college admission exam 大學入學考試
12. scramble to find 爭先恐後地尋找
13. milestones 里程碑

年齡較大的學生錯過了大學招生考試的重要學習環節，年紀較小的學生有可能在閱讀和數學等核心科目上落後。父母們爭先恐後地尋找兒童看護或在家工作。一些家庭把孩子轉學到未受新冠病毒影響地區的新學校，也有的錯過了畢業典禮或最後幾日校園生活等重大事件。

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All of this is compounded for families who do not have the financial means or professional flexibility, forcing parents such as Ms. Gao to take unpaid leave, or leaving students indefinitely without an educational backstop.

14. compound (v) 使加重，使加劇，使惡化
15. financial means 經濟能力
16. an educational backstop 教育支持

對於沒有經濟能力或缺乏職業彈性的家庭來說，這一切都是雪上加霜，迫使高夢賢這樣的父母無薪休假，或者讓學生無限期地得不到教育支持。

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Governments are trying to help. Japan is offering subsidies to companies to help offset the cost of parents taking time off work. France has promised 14 days of paid sick leave to parents of children who must self-isolate, if they have no choice but to watch their children themselves.

17. offer subsidy 提供補助
18. offset the cost 抵銷成本
19. paid sick leave 帶薪病假
20. self-isolate 自我隔離
21. no choice but to... 別無選擇只能...

各國政府正試圖提供幫助。日本向企業提供補貼，幫助抵消父母請假的成本。法國承諾，如果孩子必須自我隔離，而父母別無選擇只能自己照顧孩子時，他們將享受14天的帶薪病假。

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But the burdens are widespread, touching corners of society seemingly unconnected to education. In Japan, schools have canceled bulk food delivery orders for lunches they will no longer serve, affecting farmers and suppliers. In Hong Kong, an army of domestic helpers have been left unemployed after wealthy families enrolled their children in schools overseas.

22. touch every corner of society 觸及社會的各個角落
23. seemingly unconnected 看似無關的
24. cancel bulk food delivery order 取消批量食物配送的訂單
25. no longer serve 不再供應
26. domestic helper 家庭幫傭

但這種負擔是普遍存在的，觸及全社會似乎與教育無關的各個角落。在日本，學校不再供應午餐，因此取消了批量食品配送訂單，影響了農民和供應商。在香港，富裕家庭將子女送到海外學校就讀，大批家佣失業。

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School and government officials are doing their best to keep children learning — and occupied — at home. The Italian government created a dedicated webpage to give teachers access to videoconference tools and ready-made lesson plans. Almost two dozen Mongolian television stations are airing classes. Iran’s government has worked with internet content providers, such as Iran’s version of Netflix, to make all children’s content free.

27. give access to 有管道可以
28. videoconference tools 影片會議工具
29. ready-made lesson plans 現成的教案
30. air (v.) classes 播出課程
31. internet content providers 互聯網內容提供商

學校和政府官員正在盡最大努力讓孩子們在家裡學習，並且有事可做。義大利政府創建了一個專門的網頁，讓教師可以使用影片會議工具和現成的教案。蒙古的20多家電視台進行電視教學。伊朗政府與互聯網內容提供商（比如伊朗版Netflix）合作，免費提供所有兒童內容。

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Even physical education takes place: At least one school in Hong Kong requires students — in their gym uniforms — to follow along as an instructor demonstrates push-ups onscreen, with the students’ webcams on for proof.

32. physical education 體育(課)
33. follow along 跟著做

甚至還有體育課：在香港，至少有一所學校要求學生穿著運動服，跟著螢幕上老師的演示做俯卧撐，並且打開學生的網路攝像頭以提供證據。

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The offline reality of online learning, though, is challenging. There are technological hurdles, as well as the unavoidable distractions that pop up when children and teenagers are left to their own devices — literally.

34. technological hurdles 技術上的障礙
35. unavoidable distractions 不可避免的令人分神的事物
36. leave sb to their own devices 讓（某人）自行決定
37. literally 字面意思上的

然而，在線學習的線下實現情況很有挑戰性。有技術上的障礙，以及當兒童和青少年不受管束地自行使用設備時，也不可避免地會分心。

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The new classroom at home poses greater problems for younger students, and their older caregivers. Ruby Tan, a primary school teacher in Chongqing, a city in southwestern China that suspended schools last month, said many grandparents were helping with child care so that the parents can go to work. But the grandparents do not always know how to use the necessary technology.

38. pose greater problems 造成更大的麻煩
39. caregivers看護者，護理員

家庭教室給年幼的學生和照顧他們的長輩帶來了更大的麻煩。上個月，中國西南部城市重慶一所停課小學的老師露比·譚(Ruby Tan)說，很多家庭是祖父母幫忙照顧孩子，讓父母去上班。但祖父母並不總是知道如何使用必要的技術。

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Entire industries and businesses that rely on the rituals of students going to school and parents going to work are also being shaken. School administrators in Japan, caught off guard by the abrupt decision to close schools, have rushed to cancel orders for cafeteria lunches, stranding food suppliers with piles of unwanted groceries and temporarily unneeded employees.

40. rely on 依賴
41. be shaken 陷入恐慌
42. be caught off guard 使（某人）措手不及；趁（某人）不警惕時（做某事）
43. an abrupt decision 突然的決定
44. rush to 倉促去
45. strand 擱淺；處於困境

依靠學生上學、父母上班這個日常狀態的行業和企業也陷入恐慌。日本的學校行政人員對關閉學校的突然決定感到措手不及，他們急忙取消食堂午餐的訂單，使食品供應商面臨一大堆不需要的食品和暫時不需要的員工。

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To blunt the economic effects of the coronavirus, Japan’s government is offering financial help to parents, small businesses and health care providers. But school lunch officials said they had not heard about compensation for their workers.

46. blunt (v.) economic effects 削弱經濟影響
47. offer financial help 提供財政協助
48. small business owners 小型企業主
49. health care providers 健保提供者

為了抑制冠狀病毒的經濟影響，日本政府正在向家長、小型企業和醫療保健提供者提供財務支持。但是學校午餐官員說，他們還沒有聽說關於他們的工人的補償。

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完整報導: https://nyti.ms/2uZAowG

史丹佛大學改採線上授課: http://bit.ly/3cIaAGk

圖片來源: https://econ.st/2Iui1mO

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保健心智圖: https://goo.gl/seqt5k

保健相關單字: https://wp.me/p44l9b-Tt (+mp3)

時事英文大全: http://bit.ly/2WtAqop

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教育時評: http://bit.ly/39ABON9

DHS and FBI 近日(2018年12月3日) 提供左13點預防SamSam Ransomware Intelligence Portal 勒索軟件情報站 方法。 當中有多項關於RDP 既處理方法；包括唔好直接放出Internet, Brute Force Detection , Two Factors Authentication 等等!

1)Audit your network for systems that use RDP for remote communication. Disable the service if unneeded or install available patches. Users may need to work with their technology venders to confirm that patches will not affect system processes.

2)Verify that all cloud-based virtual machine instances with public IPs have no open RDP ports, especially port 3389, unless there is a valid business reason to keep open RDP ports. Place any system with an open RDP port behind a firewall and require users to use a virtual private network (VPN) to access that system.

3)Enable strong passwords and account lockout policies to defend against brute force attacks.

4)Where possible, apply two-factor authentication.

5)Regularly apply system and software updates.

6)Maintain a good back-up strategy.

7)Enable logging and ensure that logging mechanisms capture RDP logins. Keep logs for a minimum of 90 days and review them regularly to detect intrusion attempts.

8)When creating cloud-based virtual machines, adhere to the cloud provider’s best practices for remote access.

9)Ensure that third parties that require RDP access follow internal policies on remote access.

10)Minimize network exposure for all control system devices. Where possible, disable RDP on critical devices.

11)Regulate and limit external-to-internal RDP connections. When external access to internal resources is required, use secure methods such as VPNs. Of course, VPNs are only as secure as the connected devices.

12)Restrict users' ability (permissions) to install and run unwanted software applications.

13)Scan for and remove suspicious email attachments; ensure the scanned attachment is its "true file type" (i.e., the extension matches the file header).

14)Disable file and printer sharing services. If these services are required, use strong passwords or Active Directory authentication

【玳瑚師父玄學論】 財箱的秘密
The Secret of the Fortune Chest (English version below)

第一次踏入位于新加坡金融中心的威斯汀大飯店 ，看到這美麗高貴的‘櫃子’，夾在電梯的中間。 一時之間，還找不到電梯的按鈕。

櫃子和箱子代表儲財。富貴人家的家裏一定會有很多這樣的東西。我也曾在幾間大飯店和公司看過類似的佈局。在家裏多放，確實能幫主人增進財富，但需特定的設計和顔色來配合主人的先命，再找出適合的方位擺放。

相反的，貧困人家家裏的‘財箱’，是一箱又一箱的Toyogo 塑膠盒，紙盒或一袋又一袋的雜物。 這不但不會進財，財路被堵，還會債台高筑。我曾到一三房式組屋勘察風水，客廳的四分之一都堆積了雜物，還疊到我的腰那麼高。箱子雜物放久了，灰塵一大堆，在風水上是一種煞。

不需要的東西不要眷念著不放。 我有位女客人，四十來歲，卻還收著她童年時的毛绒玩具。如今，她雖已不玩這些了，但這些玩具卻佔據了整個衣櫥的一半。速速清除無謂的東西，要不然就送出去和別人結緣。可以積點善德，又可以保持家宅的寬敞，一舉兩得。

學習放下，要從身邊的東西下手。你抱著這麽多東西，不肯放，心想可能有一天會用到，結果放了一年，三年，東西還是在那兒沒碰。這樣子放不下，死了終究會成了戀物鬼啊！

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The first time I stepped into The Westin Singapore, nestled in the financial district, I saw this beautiful and elegant chest of drawers between the lifts. Momentarily, I could not find the button to the lift.

Drawers and boxes represent the storage of wealth. Wealthy families definitely have lots of these in their houses in one form or another. I saw similar arrangement at several major hotels and companies. Putting more of such boxes or chests at home helps the owner to accumulate wealth, but the design and colour must match the birth chart of the owner and the exact auspicious location has to be pin pointed out for placement.

On the contrary, families with financial problems also have 'wealth boxes' at home - in the form of the typical Toyogo plastic boxes, paper boxes or plastic bags of stuff everywhere. Instead of directing and storing the wealth energy into their houses, they find themselves mired in debts with many obstacles to their wealth. I once went to a 3-room flat to conduct a Feng Shui audit. One quarter of the living room was filled with clutter and the boxes & bags were stacked as high as my waist. These boxes would collect dust after some time, further exacerbating the situation as it is viewed as a big NO NO in terms of geomancy.

Do not horde over those things which you do not need around the house. I have a lady client in her 40s who kept soft toys that she had since she was a little girl. She does not play with them anymore, yet allowing them to take up half a wardrobe. Clear unneeded items out fast or donate to others for more positive affinities. By doing so, not only do you accumulate merits, your house will be kept spick and span. That is killing 2 birds with one stone!

Learn to let go starting from the things around you. You held on to so many things, refusing to let go, thinking that there will be a use for those things one day. One year, two years, three years on, those things remain unused! In the end when you leave this world, you would still hanker after your possessions!

【Materials】
· Hologram sheet
· Rough nail file
· Scissors
· Unneeded clear file folder
· Cellophane tape
·Masking tape
· UV-LED resin Hard
· UV light
· Hand drill for craft
Round jump rings
· Earring parts

【Steps】
1. Lightly file the hologram sheet, scratch the surface and cut it into slender pieces. Make the end narrower.
2. Round the clear file into a shape like a horn. Tip is to round as thinly as possible!
3. Wrap the hologram sheet cut earlier to the end of the rolled file, and stop with the masking tape
4. Apply resin to the hologram sheet with a brush and harden it. Repeat this process 2 to 3 times. Then, firmly coat it.
5. Remove the hologram sheet from the file.
6. Drill a hole in the thicker end, connect the earring part with a round jump ring and done!

今年もホログラム素材が大人気!!ロマンチックなキラキラは女の子のマストアイテムですよね♡
お友達と差をつけるなら、トレンドアイテムも自作してしまいましょう☆
耳元で大胆にアピールできちゃうピアスが簡単につくれちゃいます♩


【用意するもの】
・ホログラムシート
・荒目の爪用やすり
・はさみ
・要らないクリアファイル
・セロテープ
・マスキングテープ
・UV-LEDレジン「星の雫」 Hard
・UVライト
・クラフト用ハンドドリル
・丸カン
・ピアスパーツ

【作り方】
1. ホログラムシートに軽くやすりをかけ、表面に傷をつけてから細長く切る。この時先が細くなるようにする。
2. クリアファイルをツノのような形に丸める。ここでできる限り細く巻くのがコツ!!
3. 巻いたファイルの先に切ったホログラムシートをまきつけ、マスキングテープで留める。
4. 筆でホログラムシートにレジンを塗り、硬化する。この作業を2~3回繰り返し、しっかりコーティングする。
5. ファイルからホログラムシートを取り外す。
6. 太い方の端にドリルで穴を開け、丸カンでピアスパーツと接続して完成!!

光を反射して虹色に輝くピアスはユニコーンのツノみたい♡
これからの夏のイベントを楽しむのにぴったり！
皆さんもぜひ作ってみてください♡


企画・制作　Rhine

★ 1 ★ Decorate with your favorite pattern! Doodle Vinyl Umbrella
【Materials】
· Vinyl umbrella
· Permanent marker
· Picture you want to copy
· Masking tape

【Steps】
1. Tape the picture you want to copy on the outside of the umbrella
2. Trace with permanent marker from the inside

★ 2 ★ Wall Sticker Vinyl Umbrella♪
【Materials】
· Vinyl umbrella
· Wall stickers

【Steps】
Stick on the wall sticker from the inside

★ 3 ★ Masking Tape & Nail Polish Vinyl Umbrella♪
【Materials】
· Vinyl umbrella
· Masking tape of your choice
· Your favorite nail polish
· Scissors

【Steps】
1. Stick the masking tape on inside the umbrella
2. Cut off the unneeded remainder
3. Paint tip and ends of umbrella with nail polish
4. Drysv

★1★好きな柄でできる！お絵かきビニ傘
【用意するもの】
・ビニール傘
・油性ペン
・写したい絵
・マスキングテープ
【つくり方】
1、写したい絵を傘の外側にマスキングテープを使って貼り付ける
2、内側から油性ペンでなぞる

★2★ウォールステッカーでペタペタ楽しいビニール傘♪
【用意するもの】
・ビニール傘
・ウォールステッカー
【つくり方】
ウォールステッカーを内側から貼る

★3★マスキングテープ＆マニキュアで♪売り物みたいな傘ができちゃう！
【用意するもの】
・ビニール傘
・お好みのマスキングテープ
・お好みのマニキュア
・ハサミ
【つくり方】
1、マスキングテープをビニール傘の内側に貼る
2、余った部分を切る
3、露先、石突きをマニキュアで塗り着色する
4、乾かす

Now I want to introduce you one of the really cool filters I often use when strobing, and some shots taken with it! It is the Marumi Polarizer+ND filter, yeah, they are a combination in one filter which is really cool!

【Marumi CREATION C-PL/ND-8 / ND-16 / ND32 Filters】
http://www.marumi-filter.co.jp/en/product/07/

Here are some of the reasons to use them:

1. As you can see in the examples in the video, they do awesome job in darkening the blue sky and making it more blue and saturated! Well, many people probably use the C-PL only for lanscapes, but it is really useful for portraiture as well!

2. Getting rid of unneeded reflections!

3. Since this is also ND Filter, and I mostly use the ND-16 which is 4 stops darker, it is great for strobing and getting your camera at the sync speed!

Now I want to introduce you one of the really cool filters I often use when strobing, and some shots taken with it! It is the Marumi Polarizer+ND filter, yeah, they are a combination in one filter which is really cool!

【Marumi CREATION C-PL/ND-8 / ND-16 / ND32 Filters】
http://www.marumi-filter.co.jp/product/07/

一番よくこのフィルターを使ってるとき:

1. 動画の写真は見られたと思いますが、C-PLを使うと、青空がさらに青くて、きれいに映ります！ほどんど風景写真で使われると思いますが、ポートレートの時もすごく役に立ちます！

2. 反射を防ぐため！

3. C-PLにNDもついてるので、 日中シンクロ でポートレート撮影のときにすごく便利です！私が一番よく使ってるND-16はつまり、4段を落としてるので、カメラがシンクロスピードになります！

Homepage: http://www.ilkoallexandroff.com/

Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/ilko.allexandroff.photography

Marumi: http://www.marumi-filter.co.jp/

Thanks for watching! Any comments are welcome!