YT傳送門： https://youtu.be/0Yr4x8G7-Sw

前幾天指揮中心拿出一個表格比較各種疫苗之間的好壞，本意是想說AZ其實好棒棒所以大家不用擔心。但結果表格內容我看了一看之後發現結果MODERNA表現最差，每個不良反應比例都比AZ高，那你買五百萬劑還宣傳個半天幹嘛?

但我還是耐心解釋一下，這張表格做錯了，會導致民眾有錯誤的理解。

第一， 疫苗只要過了三期以後，真正致死的機率並不高，重點在於防護力好嗎?防護力低，副作用再低也沒有達到效果啊。不然喝符水好不好?沒甚麼防護力，但也沒有副作用啊?把這個副作用拿出來比較真的沒有意義啦~~~談戀愛有沒有可能被劈腿，難道你就不談戀愛嗎?

第二， 這裡列出來的表格其實是不良反應或是不良事件中的各種症狀的比例，表格做得好像有一半的人打了會有這些反應，這不是嚇死人?所謂的Adverse Event不良事件是在施用藥物產品的患者或臨床研究受試者中發生的任何不利的醫學事件，並且不一定與該治療有因果關係。因此，不良事件可以是與藥品的使用暫時相關的任何不利的和意外的跡象，症狀或疾病，無論是否與藥品有關。參加臨床試驗的患者的AE必須報告給研究發起人，必要時可以報告給當地倫理委員會。【來自維基百科】

第三， 三期實驗的狀況跟實際上臨床的狀況又不一樣啊~~~實驗歸實驗，現實世界的運作回報不良反應的機制有所不同，不是真的很嚴重到回診，其實醫師根本就不會知道，也就不會回報啊，所以要看實際接種的反應才比較準啊。

像是ADZ的這份資料是來自於WHO的三期實驗報告整理: AZD1222 vaccine against COVID-19 developed by Oxford University and Astra Zeneca: Background paper (draft)，有五十二頁大家可以自己去看看，但實驗的內容其實是去年的三期實驗了，不是實際注射之後的結果。

我推薦大家看的是美國的CDC所推出來的疫苗施打第一個月報告，二月十九日出版，熱燙燙非常新。First Month of COVID-19 Vaccine Safety Monitoring — United States, December 14, 2020–January 13, 2021。是他們實際施打疫苗一個月，一千三百萬劑之後的結果，實際上會有不良反應的比例非常低啊，大家不要自己嚇自己~~~

美國接種13794094劑，ADVERSE EVENT:總數6,994，占比0.000506，萬分之五點零六九。輕微不良反應的有6354，0.0004606，萬分之四點六零六，其中22.4%是頭痛，16.5%是疲倦，16.5%是暈眩。

嚴重不良反應的有640人。0.00004639，十萬分之四點六三九，其中回報的死亡案例有113件，其中有78件是在長照機構裡面的成員。

還給你原文夠不夠意思The most frequently reported adverse reactions were injection site tenderness (63.7%), injection site pain (54.2%), headache (52.6%), fatigue (53.1%), myalgia (44.0%), malaise (44.2%), pyrexia (includes feverishness (33.6%) and fever >38°C (7.9%)), chills (31.9%), arthralgia (26.4%) and nausea (21.9%). The incidence of subjects with at least one local or systemic solicited event after any vaccination was highest on day 1 following vaccination, decreasing to 4% and 13 %, respectively, by day 7. The most common systemic solicited AEs at day 7 were fatigue, headache and malaise.

阿宅萬事通語錄貼圖上架囉 https://reurl.cc/dV7bmD​

【加入YT會員按鈕】 https://reurl.cc/raleRb​
【訂閱YT頻道按鈕】 https://reurl.cc/Q3k0g9​
購買朱大衣服傳送門： https://shop.lucifer.tw/

英模班本週教到登革熱，
俐媽趕快整理相關單字。

因為COVID-19，
各校考題介紹常見疾病的頻率增加了，
大家趕快一起學單字！
——————————————————
🩸 俐媽英文教室—登革熱篇：
🦟 Dengue Fever 登革熱
🦟 hemorrhagic (a.) 出血的(hemo-: blood)
🦟 acute (a.) 急性的
🦟 infectious (a.) 傳染的
🦟 Aedes Aegypti mosquito 埃及斑蚊
🦟 Aedes Albopictus mosquito 白線斑紋
🦟 mosquito-borne (a.) 蚊子傳染/播的
🦟 transmit (v.) 傳播
🦟 circulate (v.) 循環
🦟 acquire (v.) 獲得
🦟 feed on N 靠⋯為食
🦟 incubation (n.) 潛伏期；孵化
🦟 symptom (n.) 症狀
🦟 myalgia (n.). 肌肉痛
🦟 arthralgia (n.) 關節痛
🦟 rash (n.) 紅疹
🦟 hematuria (n.) 血尿
🦟 mucous (a.). 黏液的
🦟 membrane (n.) 膜
🦟 digestive organ 消化器官
🦟 complications (n.) 併發症
🦟 fatality rate (n.) 致死率
🦟 effusion (n.) 滲出
🦟 severe (a.) 嚴重的—> severity (n.) 嚴重性
🦟 shock (n.) 休克
🦟 therapy (n.) 療法
🦟 replenish (v.) 補充；重新裝滿
🦟 onset (n.) (疾病)開始
🦟 repellent (n.) 驅蟲劑—> repel (v.) 驅趕
🦟 mosquito-repellent incense (n.) 蚊香
🦟 bed-net (n.) 蚊帳
🦟 insecticide/ pesticide (n.) 殺蟲劑
🦟 spray (v.) 噴灑
🦟 residence (n.) 居住地/所
🦟 precaution (n.) 預防措施—> take precautions 採取預防措施
🦟 hygiene (n.) 衛生
🦟 container (n.) 容器
🦟 vector (n.) 傳染媒介
🦟 larva (n.) 昆蟲幼蟲
🦟 wiggler (n.) 孑孓
🦟 dispose of N 處理丟棄⋯
🦟 canopy (n.) 雨遮；遮雨篷
🦟 eliminate (v.) 滅絕
🦟 scrub (v.) 用力擦/刷洗
🦟 lid (n.) 蓋子
🦟 tyre (n.) 輪胎
🦟 upside down 上下顛倒
🦟 cavern (n.) 洞窟
🦟 detergent (n.) 清潔劑
🦟 stagnant water 死水；靜止不動的水
🦟 screen (n.) 紗窗
🦟 grass cluster (n.) 叢生的雜草
🦟 epidemic (n.) 傳染病
🦟 long-sleeved (a.) 長袖的
🦟 exposed (a.) 裸露的
🦟 instructions (n.) 指示說明
🦟 guideline (n.) 指南
🦟 prevention (n.) 避免；預防
——————————————————
健康，是一切💪🏻
.
#俐媽英文教室
#俐媽英文教室登革熱篇
#mosquito #denguefever #mosquitobite
#台大明明和你一起健健康康

「Epidemiologic and Clinical Characteristics of Novel Coronavirus Infections Involving 13 Patients Outside Wuhan, China(2020/02/07)+中文摘要轉譯」


➥中文摘要轉譯：
截至2/4日，北京報告13例，大多為年輕健康人。症狀輕微且無人死亡。與過去報導一致，健康人感染後預後較佳。
註：初期流行病學易有偏誤，不可推估大流行時狀況。(財團法人國家衛生研究院-郭書辰醫師整理)


➥In December 2019, cases of pneumonia appeared in Wuhan, China. The etiology of these infections was a novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV),1,2 possibly connected to zoonotic or environmental exposure from the seafood market in Wuhan. Human-to-human transmission has accounted for most of the infections, including among health care workers.3,4 The virus has spread to different parts of China and at least 26 other countries.1 A high number of men have been infected, and the reported mortality rate has been approximately 2%, which is lower than that reported from other coronavirus epidemics including severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS; mortality rate, >40% in patients aged >60 years)5 and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS; mortality rate, 30%).6 However, little is known about the clinical manifestations of 2019-nCoV in healthy populations or cases outside Wuhan. We report early clinical features of 13 patients with confirmed 2019-nCoV infection admitted to hospitals in Beijing.


「Methods」
Data were obtained from 3 hospitals in Beijing, China (Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University [8 patients], Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University [4 patients], and College of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Chinese PLA General Hospital [1 patient]). Patients were hospitalized from January 16, 2020, to January 29, 2020, with final follow-up for this report on February 4, 2020. Patients with possible 2019-nCoV were admitted and quarantined, and throat swab samples were collected and sent to the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention for detection of 2019-nCoV using a quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay.3 Chest radiography or computed tomography was performed. Data were obtained as part of standard care. Patients were transferred to a specialized hospital after diagnosis. This study was approved by the ethics commissions of the 3 hospitals, with a waiver of informed consent.


「Results」
The median age of the patients was 34 years (25th-75th percentile, 34-48 years); 2 patients were children (aged 2 years and 15 years), and 10 (77%) were male. Twelve patients either visited Wuhan, including a family (parents and son), or had family members (grandparents of the 2-year-old child) who visited Wuhan after the onset of the 2019-nCoV epidemic (mean stay, 2.5 days). One patient did not have any known contact with Wuhan.


Twelve patients reported fever (mean, 1.6 days) before hospitalization. Symptoms included cough (46.3%), upper airway congestion (61.5%), myalgia (23.1%), and headache (23.1%) (Table). No patient required respiratory support before being transferred to the specialty hospital after a mean of 2 days. The youngest patient (aged 2 years) had intermittent fever for 1 week and persistent cough for 13 days before 2019-nCoV diagnosis. Levels of inflammatory markers such as C-reactive protein were elevated, and numbers of lymphocytes were marginally elevated (Table).


Four patients had chest radiographs and 9 had computed tomography. Five images did not demonstrate any consolidation or scarring. One chest radiograph demonstrated scattered opacities in the left lower lung; in 6 patients, ground glass opacity was observed in the right or both lungs (Figure). As of February 4, 2020, all the patients recovered, but 12 were still being quarantined in the hospital.


➥Author: De Chang, Minggui Lin, Lai Wei, et al.

➥Link: (JAMA) https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/2761043


衛生福利部
疾病管制署 - 1922防疫達人
疾病管制署
國家衛生研究院-論壇
#2019COVID19Academic

前幾天指揮中心拿出一個表格比較各種疫苗之間的好壞，本意是想說AZ其實好棒棒所以大家不用擔心。但結果表格內容我看了一看之後發現結果MODERNA表現最差，每個不良反應比例都比AZ高，那你買五百萬劑還宣傳個半天幹嘛?

但我還是耐心解釋一下，這張表格做錯了，會導致民眾有錯誤的理解。

第一， 疫苗只要過了三期以後，真正致死的機率並不高，重點在於防護力好嗎?防護力低，副作用再低也沒有達到效果啊。不然喝符水好不好?沒甚麼防護力，但也沒有副作用啊?把這個副作用拿出來比較真的沒有意義啦~~~談戀愛有沒有可能被劈腿，難道你就不談戀愛嗎?

第二， 這裡列出來的表格其實是不良反應或是不良事件中的各種症狀的比例，表格做得好像有一半的人打了會有這些反應，這不是嚇死人?所謂的Adverse Event不良事件是在施用藥物產品的患者或臨床研究受試者中發生的任何不利的醫學事件，並且不一定與該治療有因果關係。因此，不良事件可以是與藥品的使用暫時相關的任何不利的和意外的跡象，症狀或疾病，無論是否與藥品有關。參加臨床試驗的患者的AE必須報告給研究發起人，必要時可以報告給當地倫理委員會。【來自維基百科】

第三， 三期實驗的狀況跟實際上臨床的狀況又不一樣啊~~~實驗歸實驗，現實世界的運作回報不良反應的機制有所不同，不是真的很嚴重到回診，其實醫師根本就不會知道，也就不會回報啊，所以要看實際接種的反應才比較準啊。

像是ADZ的這份資料是來自於WHO的三期實驗報告整理: AZD1222 vaccine against COVID-19 developed by Oxford University and Astra Zeneca: Background paper (draft)，有五十二頁大家可以自己去看看，但實驗的內容其實是去年的三期實驗了，不是實際注射之後的結果。

我推薦大家看的是美國的CDC所推出來的疫苗施打第一個月報告，二月十九日出版，熱燙燙非常新。First Month of COVID-19 Vaccine Safety Monitoring — United States, December 14, 2020–January 13, 2021。是他們實際施打疫苗一個月，一千三百萬劑之後的結果，實際上會有不良反應的比例非常低啊，大家不要自己嚇自己~~~

美國接種13794094劑，ADVERSE EVENT:總數6,994，占比0.000506，萬分之五點零六九。輕微不良反應的有6354，0.0004606，萬分之四點六零六，其中22.4%是頭痛，16.5%是疲倦，16.5%是暈眩。

嚴重不良反應的有640人。0.00004639，十萬分之四點六三九，其中回報的死亡案例有113件，其中有78件是在長照機構裡面的成員。

還給你原文夠不夠意思The most frequently reported adverse reactions were injection site tenderness (63.7%), injection site pain (54.2%), headache (52.6%), fatigue (53.1%), myalgia (44.0%), malaise (44.2%), pyrexia (includes feverishness (33.6%) and fever ＞38°C (7.9%)), chills (31.9%), arthralgia (26.4%) and nausea (21.9%). The incidence of subjects with at least one local or systemic solicited event after any vaccination was highest on day 1 following vaccination, decreasing to 4% and 13 %, respectively, by day 7. The most common systemic solicited AEs at day 7 were fatigue, headache and malaise.

阿宅萬事通語錄貼圖上架囉 https://reurl.cc/dV7bmD​

【加入YT會員按鈕】 https://reurl.cc/raleRb​
【訂閱YT頻道按鈕】 https://reurl.cc/Q3k0g9​
購買朱大衣服傳送門： https://shop.lucifer.tw/