【2021亞洲電影大獎完整入圍名單】

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2021年亞洲電影大獎稍早公布本屆入圍名單，導演張藝謀無疑是該階段的最大贏家，以兩部執導電影獲得入圍，《一秒鐘》提名最佳電影等五項，《懸崖之上》亦提名五項。師徒關係的黑澤清與濱口龍介也分別以《間諜之妻》與《偶然與想像》（附圖）分別角逐最佳電影獎。

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台灣電影亦有不俗表現。《消失的情人節》入圍最佳編劇、剪接、視覺效果三項成績最佳。《孤味》分別提名最佳女主角、女配角獎，金馬影后陳淑芳將與蒼井優等人共同角逐影后。《無聲》分別獲得最佳男配角、新演員提名。莫子儀則以《親愛的房客》提名最佳男主角獎。

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今屆頒獎典禮將在10月8日於釜山國際電影節召開，屆時將由韓國名導李滄東出任評審團主席。

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入圍名單如下（影片名以台灣片商、影展命名為主）：

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最佳電影
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《一秒鐘》中國🇨🇳
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《茲山魚譜 The Book of Fish》南韓🇰🇷
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《追尋音樂的靈光 The Disciple》印度🇮🇳
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《偶然與想像 Wheel of Fortune and Fantasy》日本🇯🇵
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《間諜之妻 Wife of a Spy》日本🇯🇵
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最佳導演
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張藝謀
《一秒鐘》中國🇨🇳
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李濬益
《茲山魚譜》南韓🇰🇷
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濱口龍介
《偶然與想像》日本🇯🇵
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黑澤清
《間諜之妻》日本🇯🇵
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Adilkhan Yerzhanov
《我倆還有明天 Yellow Cat》哈薩克🇰🇿法國🇫🇷
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最佳男主角
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莫子儀
《親愛的房客》台灣🇹🇼
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林家棟
《智齒》香港🇭🇰
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張譯
《一秒鐘》中國🇨🇳
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役所廣司
《太陽出來之後 Under the Open Sky》日本🇯🇵
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劉亞仁
《收屍人 Voice of Silence》南韓🇰🇷
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最佳女主角
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陳淑芳
《孤味》台灣🇹🇼
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張子楓
《我的姐姐》中國🇨🇳
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Asel Sadvakasova
《搶親大龍鳳 Ulbolsyn》哈薩克🇰🇿
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全鐘瑞
《聲命線索 Call》南韓🇰🇷
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蒼井優
《間諜之妻》日本🇯🇵
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最佳男配角
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余皚磊
《懸崖之上》中國🇨🇳
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朴正民
《魔鬼對決 Deliver Us From Evil》南韓🇰🇷
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謝君豪
《濁水漂流》香港🇭🇰
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金玄彬
《無聲》台灣🇹🇼
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宇野祥平
《罪之聲 The Voice of Sin》日本🇯🇵
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最佳女配角
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秦海璐
《懸崖之上》中國🇨🇳
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李麗珍
《濁水漂流》香港🇭🇰
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謝盈萱
《孤味》台灣🇹🇼
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張允柱
《三姐妹 Three Sisters》南韓🇰🇷
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蒔田彩珠
《晨曦將至 True Mothers》日本🇯🇵
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最佳新導演
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春本雄二郎
《由宇子的天秤 A Balance》日本🇯🇵
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P.S. Vinothraj
《鵝卵石 Pebbles》印度🇮🇳
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殷若昕
《我的姐姐》中國🇨🇳
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韓帥
《漢南夏日》中國🇨🇳
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Ahmad Bahrami
《命運荒原 The Wasteland》伊朗🇮🇷
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洪宜廷
《收屍人》南韓🇰🇷
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最佳新演員
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孔昇廷
《獨自生活的人們 Aloners》南韓🇰🇷
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服部樹咲
《午夜天鵝 Midnight Swan》日本🇯🇵
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劉浩存
《一秒鐘》中國🇨🇳
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Ruhollah Zamani
《淘寶少年 The Sun》伊朗🇮🇷
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陳姸霏
《無聲》台灣🇹🇼
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最佳編劇
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陳玉勳
《消失的情人節》台灣🇹🇼
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游曉穎
《我的姐姐》中國🇨🇳
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洪宜廷
《收屍人》南韓🇰🇷
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Chaitanya Tamhane
《追尋音樂的靈光》印度🇮🇳
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最佳攝影
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月永雄太
《不容易的爸爸 Any Crybabies Around?》日本🇯🇵
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趙曉丁
《懸崖之上》中國🇨🇳
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洪坰杓
《魔鬼對決》南韓🇰🇷
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鄭兆強
《智齒》香港🇭🇰
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Masoud Amini Tirani
《命運荒原》伊朗🇮🇷
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Yerkinbek Ptyraliyev
《我倆還有明天》哈薩克🇰🇿法國🇫🇷
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最佳剪接
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李永一
《懸崖之上》中國🇨🇳
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Kim Hyung-Joo
《魔鬼對決》南韓🇰🇷
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賴秀雄
《消失的情人節》台灣🇹🇼
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Hassan Hassandoust
《淘寶少年》伊朗🇮🇷
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Tina Baz, 涉谷陽一
《晨曦將至》日本🇯🇵
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最佳原創音樂
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曹永旭
《懸崖之上》中國🇨🇳
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Mong
《魔鬼對決》南韓🇰🇷
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戴偉
《狂舞派3》香港🇭🇰
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撈仔
《一秒鐘》中國🇨🇳
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最佳美術指導
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李淼
《刺殺小說家》中國🇨🇳
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Gokuldas
《Labyrinth》印度🇮🇳
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李國強
《智齒》香港🇭🇰
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Lee Jae-Sung
《茲山魚譜》南韓🇰🇷
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安宅紀史
《間諜之妻》日本🇯🇵
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最佳造型設計
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陳敏正
《懸崖之上》中國🇨🇳
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申賢燮
《茲山魚譜》南韓🇰🇷
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纐纈春樹
《間諜之妻》日本🇯🇵
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Yermek Utegenov
《我倆還有明天》哈薩克🇰🇿法國🇫🇷
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Cho Sang-Kyung, Kwak Jung-Ae
《勝利號 Space Sweepers》南韓🇰🇷
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最佳視覺效果
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徐健＆魏明
《刺殺小說家》中國🇨🇳
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郭憲聰
《消失的情人節》台灣🇹🇼
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小田一生
《我啊，走自己的路 Ora, Ora Be Goin’ Alone》日本🇯🇵
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鄭成鎮＆鄭哲珉
《勝利號》南韓🇰🇷
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Tim Crosbie, 武彥然
《八佰》中國🇨🇳
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最佳音響
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廣中桃李
《不容易的爸爸》日本🇯🇵
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Renganaath Ravee
《Labyrinth》印度🇮🇳
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Nopawat Likitwong
《智齒》香港🇭🇰
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崔泰英
《勝利號》南韓🇰🇷
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富康
《八佰》中國🇨🇳
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Asian Film Awards Academy #亞洲電影大獎

《 我和香的因緣之十五 》
隨著玄一道長高超的道法，兄長附身的事件也跟著落幕，總算又是幾年的歲月靜好，我也在有仙佛聖誕的時日，伴隨著父親前往道院參拜，每回也都會拿到老道長所贈與的平安符及壽桃、麵線……等等。
　
「記得是有一年的仲秋八月十五日，我們家鄉管叫做『月夕』，因為一年之中，只有八月十五日的月亮比其他月份的來得皎潔、明亮，因此又稱做月夕。小輩也都喜歡一年一度的供兔爺的盛事，雖然老道長的道院沒有這些民俗的活動，但八月十五日我的父親每年都習慣會上道院去看看老道長，因為這天恰好也是老道長的壽誕，於是那年的八月十五日，父親便帶著我及妹妹、兄長一同去給老道長祝壽。這天老道長特別地興致高昂，隨著來訪的賓客漸漸散去以後，道長要父親稍作停留……。
　
「三年前你和我商討的事，今天應該是適合敲定時間的日子，依我看，就幫小三挑個吉日入道吧……！」小三是我在家中依照排行，小時候的小名。老道長這麼跟父親說。「原來我自出生後，便落下了前世業障帶來的痼疾，也就是現在所說的狹心症和嚴重的黃疸，原本是養不活的，也是老道長殊行絕倫的道行，才可以換厄去濁，神通廣大地硬是把我從鬼門關拉回來。當時老道長說或許這小孩命中和仙佛有緣，不適合世俗的營生、喝世俗的米水，看他頗有仙骨、慧根，若要長命安養，就挑個三合吉日進住到宮廟來吧！可暫時避厄延年……」老和尚邊敘述著邊回憶孩提時期，自己所經歷過的一段往事，也是老和尚總角聚沙之年難以忘懷的塵封。
　
「我十一歲入道，進入道院，按照規矩都要有三年的觀察期，一般道觀三年蓄髮是規矩，有的教派要先拜小師，根據早期在內地的老道觀，規矩上會先找資格比較老的道長隨侍學習，這個階段道教的文化中叫做拜小師，但我的年紀在規矩上來講還是稍嫌小了一些。本來玄一道長是可以指定道院中較年輕的道長教導我一切道院生活的行儀及規矩，玄一道長直接就要我從早到晚隨侍在側，隨著幾位比我當時年紀稍長的小道士一同生活，一同學習，這在當時偌大的傳統道觀裡是違反習俗的，可見玄一道長雖然是道門中極有威望的老高功，但也可以看得出他的魄力與開通，否則如果沒有到滿師及相當的資歷，是無法親近如玄一老道長這般的遐齡道長。若要比較正式地經由拜度師過渡時期及學習一切的科儀、唱腔、戒律……等，這總得要一段漫長的歲月學習。
　
「玄一道長雖然已經屆屬鶴齡，但是無論是在身體上或意志上，卻比一般年輕的道長來得充沛許多。那幾年當中，是我成長過程中刊心刻骨、不敢或忘，很重要的一段韶華月夕。在數年當中，我不但熟讀《上清經》，並且因為兩度於夢境中親謁到茅山宗祖師昇玄先生，親傳口訣及符籙……，玄一道長認為我和茅山有宿世之緣，他更是護甚於前，殷殷教誨，並且數度把祖師司馬承禎的《坐忘論》清楚解說，傳以論外之玄，令我可以在稚齡之時，便可以體會大道之真諦以及如何在平常的生活中去約律自己，切莫率性而為，同時教導如何可以獲得心靈方面虛靜空明的境界……玄一道長為了在我年輕的靈魂注入不動的真理，在某一次和我講解〈大道篇〉時，忽然間很嚴肅地對著我說：『修道基本上要先修到形神合一，方可以到達久視長生之境，這是至玄至虛的，很抽象，但歷代祖師已經有不少仙真得此境界。道力了得的人，最終可以色身不滅，稍差者，也可以精神不亡……』玄一道長邊說著這些話時，很奇妙的是突然之間我剎那間看不到他的身軀，只聽聞到他講話的音聲，說實話，當時因為年輕，過去也從沒碰過這般情境，著實有些被震嚇住，不知如何是好。
　
「老道長在這次的示現中講了一段話，卻令我終身無法忘懷：『任何境界裡頭，切記六根永遠要和大道融合為一，如果自己的身體和大道從未分離，那要尸解又有何難？換句話說，若要修到通天徹地般俱足神通，只要可以體悟到大道的真諦，也不是難事，完全要視修道者自身之悟性而有高下之別，也因為如此，《抱朴子》的見解中才會有品級高下之判定。其實總的來說，神仙也好，悟道也好，總離不開上、中、下之分別罷了。司馬仙翁也把修成仙品的修道者好好地講解分析，修道獲得解脫就只有兩種類別，一種是可以獲得仙果，一種是可以修到尸解，要修煉到此，毅力和決心是極重要的條件。因此先根據不同的成就，又劃分為天仙、地仙、水仙等……』記得當時玄一道長還特別為我講解了《坐忘論》裡面的〈得道篇〉別講，這是老道長修煉了大半生，自己的心得……」（未完待續）。
　
王薀老師
　
✅歡迎點擊「發送訊息」，王薀老師將陪您解心愁。

「地獄空」攝影集即將在八月中元節前出版，由知名設計師與攝影家黃子欽設計，內附在下二位高徒精美繪製符咒、心經版畫書籤、愣嚴咒牌、尊勝咒語...等，感恩十方大德助印，希望疫情退散，平安喜樂，後記如下：

野放台灣五十餘年，貪狼獨坐，三方四正殺破狼格局，少年多舛，白手起家，隨展覽雲遊四海，如閒雲野鶴常持各類底片機流連廢墟、山川、宮廟忘返，遂設幻影堂自詡堂主，一日三省「凡所有相皆是虛妄」，常宅於暗房沖片放大通宵、鍾情黑白世界之單純，彩色照片俗世繽紛花俏做作甜美甚至比現實更現實故少拍也。知天命之年有餘，了悟人生一瞬、眨眼即逝，雖非仙人，亦無道骨，初聞離垢地生清淨心，但離華嚴「不動地」尚遠，待修持也。
2017年盛暑拍畢《巨神連線》，心律不整差點心肌梗塞向閻羅王報到，意識死神隨伺在側，人生苦短，如何了生脫死、盡斷煩惱、無所罣礙、遠離顛倒……總不得解，蒙釋迦摩尼佛開示飆淚三晝夜，聞佛法數載始知自我渺如塵埃，甚感慚愧。閒暇乃參訪名寺古剎，禮敬焚香佛陀菩薩羅漢諸神天仙王爺媽娘，台灣宮廟千奇百怪、宗派錯綜複雜（佛教、道教、一貫道、天主教、基督教、齋教、回教＆大同教、儒教鑾堂、天帝教＆天德教、慈惠堂＆勝安宮、軒轅教、道院、理教、萬國道德會、會靈山……）、神棍橫行（依人不依法、偶像崇拜、斂財、邪淫），因歷史變遷、社會動盪、政治鬥爭、意識形態等因素導致佛道混雜，但地獄造景稀少，後專注拍攝各殿閻王、判官、陰司、獄卒、七爺、八爺乃至一切罪人，各寺造景巧妙、耐人尋味，意境乖張溢於言表，造型扭曲非常人所能塑也，然匠心獨運、自成一格，專研西方藝術數十載方知真誠樸拙最美，絲毫不輸喬托（Giotto di Bondone，1267～1337）乃至米開朗基羅（Michelangelo Di lodovico Buonarroti Simoni 1475 ~ 1564）矣。

創立於1986年的石門金剛宮風景優美可眺望北濱，雖主祀四面佛，儒釋道眾神尊也不含糊，可過七星橋解厄、繞行五百黝黑羅漢敲鑼印心、跪拜亞洲最大臥佛涅槃像，安太歲自不在話下，甲子太歲爺雙眼長出手掌印象甚深，1994年經閻羅王指示廟公建造一條肚內設極樂世界及陰曹地府之神龍，行走暗黑通道觸動感應機關，只見面容猙獰受刑者呼天搶地喊冤、身邊盡是血肉糢糊殘肢敗屍腦漿塗地，十殿閻羅各司其職、威儀攝人。新北市林口區青嶺湖北文紫祥宮包公廟則以壁面彩塑地獄浮雕獨步全台，粉嫩色彩搭配卡漫風格，尤為造型簡直恐怖到可愛透頂，該廟主祀森羅殿閻羅天子包拯（包青天），陽世冤屈者可至此參拜祭解，求破懸案者眾，逢中元普渡皆以紙紮船渡亡魂至彼岸，全台唯一閻羅天子巨像籌備中，四周環繞墓地，適合修不淨觀也。台灣首尊彰化八卦山大佛旁南天宮（1971）地府則是首座電動地府，規模精小但驚嚇度破表，略顯破敗但五光十色仍蠻凶悍，出自已故台南大道長金登富之作，而電動神明起始可追溯至1960年代北港朝天宮。倒是嘉義水上鄉白人牙膏觀光工廠「戴相府」、「將軍府」設置十殿地府出乎意料之外，乾淨亮麗、ㄧ殿ㄧ間、簡單樸實。由高雄蓮潭龍虎塔龍口入內可見全臺唯一交趾陶地獄牆面，尊尊栩栩如生，續入龍身乃進聞聲救苦白衣觀音大士三十三化身浮雕隧道，造型設色甚為古錐。高雄大岡山超峰寺入口處「西方三聖蓮池海會」（阿彌陀佛、觀世音菩薩、大勢至菩薩巨像）旁設靜態十殿閻羅（1970年代初），雖略為陳舊然韻味猶存，續往上行可抵「證菩提道－釋迦如來應化事迹」雕塑園區，一攬世尊畢生精華。如來年邁時，琉璃國王為報長期被釋迦族輕蔑之傲慢心，世尊雖三次單獨伽跌坐 阻擋大軍進攻之路，但因緣果報無法逆轉，昔日婢女所生王子瞋恨無以復加，還是滅了祖國。自持神通第一目犍連不忍無辜百姓慘遭屠殺，遂以缽盛救度五百族人，最終卻化為血水，佛言神通廣大仍不敵千百劫業力，因緣果報屢試不爽。其母死後墜入餓鬼道飢餓難耐，目犍連遂展神通救渡，但所食尚未入口皆化為赤火，佛陀囑咐農曆七月十五日僧眾解安居自恣日，於盆中設甘露美食供養十方僧眾，因此超度亡母。後世「盂蘭盆法會」乃至「水懺法會」、「瑜珈焰口法會 」皆為消業障、斷塵垢之超渡儀軌，既渡亡魂也自懺悔。

台南麻豆代天府規模宏大、造型豔麗，不但可遊十八層地獄尚可逛天堂（1979年興建，1983年開放)，燈光絢爛、聲響駭人，獨自漫步宛如觀落陰、地獄走一回。先過「心頭山」、入「清心池」、進「陰陽界」、抵「交簿廳」、達「鬼門關」、遊「補經所」、探「枉死城」、行「奈何橋」，至ㄧ殿泰廣王照「孽鏡台」現造惡原形，睹抱柱、火床等小地獄。二殿楚江王開「陰查簿 」判案定奪，觀糞尿泥、餓鬼、舞池、寒冰、膿血、鞭韃、舌犁、劍葉、戟腹拋接、砧截……等小地獄。三殿宋帝王刑罰為倒吊、銅鐵刮臉、挖眼、搗樁、倒烤、吸血、穿肋、抽筋、蛆蛀等小地獄……兼遊「四生（胎、卵、濕、化）回魂府」。四殿五官王掌管腰斬、拔舌、沸湯、刺嘴、剝皮、箭樹、車崩、射眼……等十六小地獄。隨五殿森羅王豋「望鄉臺」回眸親人最終眼後觀擊膝、誅心、刀山、飛刀火石……小地獄。六殿卞城王別稱「大叫喚大地獄」，轄火牛、虎啖、噬腎、鉗嘴含鍼、釘喉、磨摧、砍頭……等小地獄。七殿泰山王為「熱惱大地獄」，窺烙手指、抽腸、頂石蹲身、油釜滾烹、割舌穿腮……等十六小地獄。八殿都市王掌管「大熱惱大地獄」兼火狗、鐵汁、鐵蛇、鋸劈斷肢、釘板、灸脊、鐵丸、磅秤……等小地獄。九殿平等王直轄十八層「阿鼻大地獄」，直透地心、內中陰森、不見五指、滿溢地漿，皆為極犯，另轄紫赤毒蛇鑽孔、夾頂、鐵鴉、針雨、蜂蠍……等小地獄。至十殿輪轉王上「觀生臺」、「轉劫所八司」（查驗司 、稽善司 、考過司 、恩怨司 、壽命司 、支配司、掌劫司 、授生司）後至「孟婆亭」飲「醧忘湯」忘盡前塵往事，依前世功德過金、銀、玉、石、木、竹六種橋樑至「轉輪臺（紫河車）」入六道輪迴轉生投胎。據《十八泥犁經》記載，人過世後七七四十九天為「中陰生」，經閻羅王審判善惡業力判定去留或懲罰百千萬劫，犯五逆重罪則墮入「無間地獄（阿鼻地獄）」永劫不復。地藏王乃幽冥教主，統轄十殿閻羅，逢三曹普渡便在各殿設「講道所」超度尚存善根之鬼魂。

人類居於五趣（阿修羅、人、傍生、餓鬼、地獄）雜居地五濁惡世之堪忍世界，犯十惡業（殺生、偷盜、邪淫、妄語、兩舌、惡口、綺語、貪慾、嗔恚、愚痴）者必墮三趣惡道。如何出「三界」（欲界、色界、無色界）二十八天？凡人無此意識，別說能破「十二因緣」（無明、行、識、名色、六入、觸、受、愛、取、有、生、老死）還滅門，更別想斷除「四聖諦」（苦、集、滅、道）集地八十一品見惑與八十八使思惑（五利使-身見、邊見、邪見、見取見、戒禁取見、五鈍使-貪、瞋、癡、慢、疑），了悟「五蘊」（色、受、想、行、識）本空、「十二入」（眼、耳、鼻、舌、意、色、聲、香、味、觸、法）空、「十八界」空，破俱生我執與分別我執、法執甚至空執，生十一處「善心所」（信、精進、慚、愧、無貪、無瞋、無痴、輕安、不放逸、行捨、不害），降二十六處「惡心所」（貪、瞋、癡、慢、疑、惡見、忿、恨、覆、惱、嫉、慳、誑、諂、害、憍、無慚、無愧、掉舉、惛沉、不信、懈怠、放逸、失念、散亂、不正知），須知善根斷盡則陷永劫輪迴、無垠轉世之苦。

地獄可能空滅嗎？若地獄空乏人間多鬼怪，地獄淨空世間何嘗非淨土？若能證空性何處現地獄？

地獄曠古來便廣泛流傳各部族間，老死生滅為自然運行之基礎、宇宙意識之核心，然今文明昌盛如咱城邦並非慾望消弭之所，惡性所及實無可根除，礙於憲法國家法律社會軍隊企業公司學校家庭團體之層層束縛不亞於十八層，乃遁於壓抑、束己情懷，暗埋心底、日久貪嗔痴慢疑怨噌會疊穢。而六塵未熄，心多妄念，妖魔鬼怪魑魅魍魎孤魂閃靈出沒於荒郊乃至人間，會靈於曠野密林以增性靈乃出世高人修煉之舉，我等凡人擅闖宛如迪士尼般之人造地獄，三魂七魄尚不足以出竅，驚邪恐怖淒厲猙獰倒滿足了自以為是的慚愧，豈不謬哉？

病毒肆虐年半有餘，全球確診者逼近一億八千萬，枉死者近四百萬，堪比戰爭規模，望眾生發慈悲心、令往生者安息、善待其他物種、平等有情眾生。地獄本空，唯妄念生起一切羨慕嫉妒恨而地獄現前。盡以此書作為世界新冷戰獨裁者、超限戰者、暗網駭客、陰險狡猾冷嘲熱諷落井下石者之良知備忘錄矣。

姚瑞中寫於2021年端午節

Postscript

I have been living recklessly in Taiwan for more than fifty years. According to Zi Wei Dou Shu (Purple Star Astrology), Tan Lang is the sole star in my house of Self. This star, which represents xxx, forms an equilateral triangle with that star Qi Sha and Po Jun on the square chart and constitutes a Sha Po Lang pattern. The pattern indicates a kind of turbulence and change, a life of wandering with ups and downs and it tells a lot about my life. After my ill-fated youth, I started from scratch and traveled around the world with exhibitions that I participated. Like a flaneur, I wandered around ruins, nature, and temples with every type of film camera obliviously. Thus, I founded the Hall of Illusion and claimed to be the master of the hall. Several times a day, I pondered a quote from the Diamond Sutra, “Everything with form is unreal.” In addition, I usually stayed in the darkroom developing film and enlarging those negatives overnight. However, I treasured the simplicity of the black and white world. The earthly, gaudy, garish, phony and pleasing qualities within colored photos make the images even more realistic than the real world. It is not my cup of tea, so I seldom took colored photos. In Confucian thought, the age of fifty marks the stage knowing the mandate of Heaven. I am now at my fifties and realize how ephemeral human life is. However, I am not an immortal, nor having sagelike characteristics. I just learned that the stage of stainless (the second bhūmi) and develop a pure mind that is free from doubt and defilement. However, I’m still far from the immovable state and need to practice.

In the summer of 2017, after filming the work Incarnation, I experienced a severe heart rhythm problem which almost triggered myocardial infarction and could have killed me. Consequently, I realized that death was waiting for me and the life is too short to figure out how I can liberate myself from the cycle of Birth and Death. I couldn’t comprehend how to be free from all afflictions and worries and how to avoid delusive ideas. I wept for three days and nights after being enlightened by Shakyamuni Buddha. Up to the moment, I felt ashamed that I failed to realize that the self is as insignificant as dust after these years learning and practicing Buddhism. Since then, I have visited famous temples and monasteries in my spare time, worshiping Buddha, Bodhisattvas, arhats, and all the deities and immortals. Taiwan’s temples are myriad with a enormous number of sects, including Buddhism, Taoism, Yiguandao, Catholicism, Christianity, Chinese religions of fasting, Islam& Baháʼí Faith, Confucianism, Tiandiism& Tian-De Teachings, Xiwangmu cult, Yellow Emperor Sect, Precosmic Salvationism, Liism, World Wide Ethical Society, séance cult, etc. Some people even claim that they can mediate communication between the deities or spirits of the dead with human beings, having their believer rely on themselves instead of the orthodox dharma or dogma and pay excessive respect and admiration for the mediums or objects, accumulating wealth through such an unfair means or even harassing their believer sexually. Due to Taiwan’s historical changes, social turbulence, political struggles, and ideological issues, Buddhism and Taoism are somehow mixed. However, there are few emphases on the concept of the hell. As I took photographs of Yama of each court, judges, wardens of the underworld, jailers, General Fan and Hsieh (the ghost escorts) and all sinners, I found few temples cleverly created hellish scenes that are intriguing, exaggerating, and extraordinary. However, the creations are unparalleled unique. I have been studying Western arts for decades and then I came to realize that simplicity makes the most beautiful works of art. These hellish scenes can even compete with works of Giotto di Bondone (1267-1337) and Michelangelo Di lodovico Buonarroti Simoni (1475-1564).

Jingang Temple Shimen District, founded in 1986, overlooks the beautiful North shore. Although the temple is mainly dedicated to Phra Phrom (the Thai representation of Mahabrahma), spirits of Confucianism, Buddhism, and Taoism can also be founded in the temple. The worshipper can go cross the Seven Star bridge to relieve bad luck, walk along the five hundred arhat statues and knock on the gong to affirm one’s Buddha nature. Furthermore, the worshipper can also prostrate themself before Asia’s largest statue of Buddha in Nirvana (the Reclining Buddha statue) and pacify the Taoist Tai Sui deity of the year. I was impressed by the Jia-Zi Tai Sui General that a pair of palms grow out of his eyes. In 1994, the biō-kong (the person taking charge of the temporal affairs of a temple) received a divine inspiration from Yama (the King of Hell) that he had to build a sacred hall in the shape of a divine dragon, with the interior designed according to the World of Ultimate Bliss and the Underworld. When the visitor walks in the dark hallway, they will see the tortured people (dioramas, of course) scrunching their faces and crying bitterly and loudly in excessive grief as the visitor triggers the mechanism. One will even find them in the midst of flesh, body liquid and blood, mutilated limbs, and rotten corpses. While each of the ten Yamas are focusing on their own duties, showing their sacred dignity that collect visitors’ attention. The Baogong Temple in Linkou District, New Taipei City exclusively features colorful depiction of hellish scenes in relief in Taiwan. With its pastel shades and cartoon-like style, the relief is both grotesque and adorable at the same time. This temple is dedicated to Bao Zhen (also known as Justice Bao) representing the incarnation of Yama. Living people who have been treated unjustly can come worshipping Bao Gong and receive exorcism. Therefore, many people come here for seeking to solve unsolved cases. In Zhongyuan Festival (the ghost festival), the temple will burn the Zhizha (paper craft) boat to ferry the ghosts to the other shore, which is the shore of enlightenment. The only giant statue of Yama in Taiwan is still in the making. The temple is surrounded by a cemetery, suitable for meditating on the loathsomeness and impurity. Nantian Temple (1971), located next to the Eight Trigram Mountains Buddha in Changhua, features the first animatronic underworld. Despite the small size, the animatronic underworld is intensely shocking. Though it’s slightly worn, the colorful dioramas are still brutally ferocious. The creator was the late venerable Dao Zhang (Taoist priest) Jing Deng-fu while the origin of animatronic deities can be traced back to the 1960s Beigang Chaotian Temple. On the contrary, the Whiteman Toothpaste Tourism Factory in Shuishang Township, Chiayi, features ten Yamas with individual booth. The place is unexpectedly clean and polished yet keeps a simple and modest tone. Then, the Dragon Pagoda of the Dragon and Tiger Pagodas at Lotus Lake in Zuoying, Kaohsiung, holds the only relief of hellish scenes made of Kochin ceramic. All the figures are vivid and life-like. If one goes further into the pagoda, they will see a relief tunnel of the thirty-three incarnations of the white-robed form of Guanyin (Avalokiteśvara) on a white lotus, with a lovely and interesting design. Another Hall of Yama is built in the 1970s next to the entrance of Dagangshan Chaofeng Temple, located in the Alian District of Kaohsiung. Visitors will also see three statues of the Three Holy Ones of the Western Pureland (Amitābha, Avalokiteśvara, Mahāsthāmaprāpta) which assemble at a lotus pond. Although the hellish scene looks somewhat antiquated, you may still find its previous charm. If one goes further, they will reach the sculptural garden of “Attaining the Bodhi Way: the Incarnation of Sakyamuni Buddha,” where the visitor can see the essence of Bhagavato’s (meaning the Blessed one, one of the common epithets for Buddha) life. When Tathāgata (another epithet for Buddha) was old, the king of Kosala wanted to avenge the arrogance of the tribe of Shakyas who had long despised him, regarding him as a son of a maiden. Although Buddha has sat in lotus position alone three times to stop the army from attacking his tribe. However, one can never reverse the cause and following karma. The prince born of a maiden was so furious that he eventually destroyed his homeland. Maudgalyāyana (one of the Buddha’s closest disciples), who is said to have had supernatural abilities that surpassed the other disciples, could not bear to see the slaughter of innocent people. Thus, he saved five hundred people of his tribe with a pātra (an eating utensil of Buddhist monks). Unfortunately, everything he did was in vain, those who were saved eventually turned into a puddle of blood. The Buddha said that the supernatural abilities cannot surpass the power of karma. The cause and effect work all the time. When Maudgalyāyana’s mother fell into the path of hungry ghost, he used his supernatural abilities to save his mother from hunger. However, all the food turned into fire before being fed to his mother. Later, the Buddha commanded the monks to put nectar and dishes in a basin on the 15th day of the seventh month in the lunar calendar for the monks from all directions to free his mother from reincarnation. In later times, the Ullambana Dharma Service, the Compassionate Samadhi Water Repentance, and the Yoga Collection for Feeding the Searing Mouths Dharma Service are rituals to eliminate karmic hindrance and to cease to worldly delusions. Through such practices, one can free the dead as well as confess their repentance.

Madou Daitian Temple is a magnificent and colorful temple in Tainan. Not only can the worshippers visit the eighteen levels of Hell but also the Heaven (it was built in 1979 and inaugurated in 1983) here. The lighting and sound effects are stunning and frightening. When walking alone in the space, one may feel like taking a Guan Luo Yin trip (a Taoist necromancy which leads people’s spirits to hell and communicate with the dead ones) to visit the underworld prison. Before arriving the first court of the underworld, the visitor will walk through the Mountain of Heart Summit, the Pure Heart Pond, the Frontier between the Living and the Dead Realms, the Soul Registry Hall, the Portico of Demons, the Center for Complementary Teaching of Canonical Books, the Citadel of Premature Death, and the Bridge of Vanity. When one arrives at the first court, they will see King Chin-guang, who is in charge of the court, using the Mirror of Retribution to show the earthly form of evil creatures and also witness the sub-hell of Pillar-Holding and Fire Bed, etc. At the second court, King Chu-jiang collates the register of sins the souls of the dead have committed to impose the punishments. Here, you will see the sub-hell of Excrement and Urine, Hungry Ghost, Burning Dance Floor, Ice, Pus and Blood, Whipping, Tongue-Raking, Sword Blade, Stomach-Piercing, Chopping, etc. Next, the dead at the third court, ruled by King Song-di, will receive the punishments including inversion tortures, face-skinning with steel and copper knife, eye-wrenching, pounding, blood-sucking, rib-piercing, roasting, tendon-taking, being eaten by maggots. The visitor can pay a visit to the Palace of Soul-Resuscitation for the Four Forms of Creatures (birth from an egg, birth from a womb, birth from moisture, and birth by transformation). King Wu-guan is in charge of the fourth court. There are sixteen sub-hells at the fourth court including Waist Chop, Tongue Removal, Boiling Pond, Mouth-stabbing, Skin-peeling, Sword Tree, Burning Wheels and Cart, Eye-shooting, etc. Next, at the fifth court, sinful souls are allowed to ascend the Tower of Hometown-Viewing to take a final look of their family. The visitor will witness sub-hells of Knee-striking, Heart-slicing, Blade Mountain, Flying Swords and Burning Stones, etc. The King of Bian City takes charge of the sixth court, which is also known as the “Great Hell of Screaming,” with sub-hells including Fire Cattle, Tiger-Biting, Kidney-Eating, Mouth-Poking, Throat-Nailing, Iron Mill, Decapitation, etc. The King of Tai-shan is in charge of the seventh court, the “Great Hell of Heat and Fire.” The sixteen sub-hells at this court include Finger-Searing, Bowel-Hauling, Stone-Bearing, Boiling Oil, Tongue-Removal and Cheek-Piercing, etc. Next, the King Du-shi is in charge of the eighth court, the “Great Hell of Intense Fire and Heat,” and the sub-hells including Fire Dogs, Molten Iron, Iron Snakes, Dismemberment, Steel Spikes, Burning-Marrow, Iron Ball, Scale, etc. The ninth court is ruled by the King Ping-deng. It is known as the biggest court, Avici Hell (the Hell of Incessant Suffering), which if the lowest level of the hell realm and the interior is gloomily and terrifyingly dark. Those who committed the most serious evil deed will be sent to the Avici Hell. Sub-hells such as Poisonous Snake, Brain-Removal, Crow-Gnawing, Raining Needles, Wasps and Scorpions are included at this court. After arriving the tenth court, ruled by the Great King of the Reincarnation Palace, one can visit the “Observatory of Life on earth” and the “eight bureaus of the Reincarnation Palace” (including the Bureau of Judicial Control, the Bureau of Good-Actions, the Bureau of Bad-Actions, the Bureau of Debts, Gratitude, and Vengeance, the Bureau of Longevity and Destiny, the Bureau of Familial Ties, the Bureau of the Reincarnated, and the Bureau of Birth). The sinful one will be sent to the Pavilion of Mengpo and made to drink the Soup of Forgetfulness to forget all past affairs. According to the sinful one’s merits of previous life, they will go across one of the six bridges (gold, silver, jade, stone, wood, bamboo) to the “Reincarnation-Wheel (Wheel on the Crimson River).” Finally, one is able to reborn in the six realms. According to the Aṣṭadaśa nāraka sutra ( the Eighteen Hells Sutra), after one passes away, they will enter an intermediate and transitional state between death and rebirth, known as antarābhava in Sanskrit, for forty-nine days. The being will be evaluated by Yama, who will decide if one should get reborn or get punished at the hell. Those who committed the Five Grave Offenses (killing one’s father, killing one’s mother, killing an Arhat, shedding the blood of a Buddha, and creating a schism within the community of Buddhist monks and nun who practice for attaining enlightenment.) will be sent to the Avici Hell and stay there eternally. Kṣitigarbha is the Lord of the Nether World, ruling the ten court of Hell. The lord will set up the “Hall of Teaching” at each court to salvage those sinful ones who still obtain few merits at the offering rituals.

Human beings live the Sahā world (sahāloka in Sanskrit, meaning “endurance of suffering,” a concept of mundane world in Mahāyāna Buddhism) where they share with other reincarnations (including beings of the hells, of the preta, and of malevolent nature spirits) with five turbidities (the Kalpa turbidity, the view turbidity, the affliction turbidity, the living beings turbidity, and the life turbidity). Those who commit the ten evil deeds (killing, stealing, adultery, lying, using immoral language, slandering, equivocating, coveting, anger, and false views) must fall into the three evil paths (animals, preta, and hell). However, how can one escape from the three realms/ twenty-eight heavens (including the six heavens of the desire realm, the eighteen heavens of the form realm, and the four heavens of the formless realm)? Worldly people who don’t have such an awareness cannot leave the cycle of the twelve nidanas (meaning causes or motivations), let alone eliminate the eighty-one afflictions (that have been produced due to misunderstanding regarding reality) and the eighty-eight illusions (including five afflictions of advanced practitioners, also known as five views: view of self, extreme view, evil view, view of attachment to views, and view of morality; and five unintelligent temptations: desire, anger, stupidity, arrogance, and doubt) of thought within the three realms and four Arya satyas (noble truths, including suffering, arising, ending, and path). They cannot realize that the essence of the five skandhas (referring to aggregates of clinging, including the matter of form, sensation, recognition, mental formation, and consciousness) , the twelve ayatana (meaning sense base, including six internal bases: eye, ear, nose, tongue, body, and mind and six external bases: visible objects, sound, odor, taste, touch, and mental objects), and the eighteen dhātavah (meaning compositional elements of human existence, including six consciousness, six faculties, and their objects) are the emptiness and the void. Furthermore, they cannot dispel the two reasons for clinging to the idea of the self and the attachment to elemental constructs and even believe in the two (false) tenets that that karma and nirvana are not real and that the ego and phenomena are real. As a consequence, they fail to develop the eleven wholesome mental factors (faith, energy, conscience, being ashamed, non-attachment, non-aggression, non-delusion, calmness, equanimity, conscientiousness, and non-injuriousness) and cease the sixteen unwholesome mental factors (desire, greed, anger, delusion, arrogance, doubt, wrong view, wrath, enmity, hypocrisy, vexation, jealousy, parsimony, deceit, flattery, harming, ambitiousness, stupidity, lacking of faith, idleness, being unrestrained, forgetting, distraction, non-discernment, ). One must bear in mind that once all our virtuous roots are discontinued, they will be trapped in the never-ending reincarnation and the suffering of infinite continuity.
Is it possible that the hell will be empty one day? If the beings in hell will become extinct while evil spirits inhabit the mundane world, the world could be considered as a pure land. If we could witness the nature of the void, then hell will exist no more.
Since ancient times, the concept of hell has been widely spread among all tribes. Aging, death, beginning, and end are the basis of nature and the core of cosmic consciousness. However, the prosperous civilization as our island is not a place where desire can be eliminated. It’s impossible to eradicate evil nature. Since fetters brought by the constitution, the state, the law, society, the military, corporations, schools, families, and groups are not less than the eighteen levels of hell, the mortals repress themselves, bury their feelings. Day after day, greed, anger, stupidity, arrogance, doubt, and resentment are stacking. However, since the six dust (visible objects, sound, odor, taste, touch, and mental objects) has not yet been extinguished, people in the mundane world are still full of delusions. The demons, devils, evil spirits, and the wondering dead exist in the wilderness, while only advanced practitioners with transcendent would attempt to make contact with the dead in the wasteland and forest. Worldly people like us trespass in Disneyland-like man-made hell. It is absurd and ridiculous that the hellish scenes cannot stop us from perpetrating evil deeds, but the horrific and cruel scenes yet satisfy our self-righteous shame.

The pandemic has been boiling over for more than a year and a half. The number of infected patients worldwide is nearly a hundred and eighty million, and the death toll has risen to four million, which is equivalent to a war crisis. I hope that we can all be compassionate, give peace to the dead, treat all sentient beings well and equally. The hell is innately empty; however, deluded and misleading thoughts would give rise to all jealousy and hatred and then manifest the hell before us. This book merely serves as a memorandum of conscience for dictators of the world’s new cold war, supporters of unrestrained warfare, dark web hackers, and those who are cunning and contemptuous and maltreat others when knowing they have problems.

June 2021,

Yao Jui-chung

綿綿雨粉如風飄絮，灑落於石板地上。
隨着羊腸石徑而行，兩旁植物悠悠揚揚，被修剪過的痕迹，顯得有點造作。終於走出迂迴，晃入眼眸的，是「香港公園」四個大字。水珠從牌坊滑落至花叢，細葉輕抖，對啊，下着雨呢。
回過神來，驀地前瞻一下，眼前是座白色建築物，正可擋雨。
甫踏進平房內，方發覺此乃一間茶藝館，左手邊是一條迴旋樓梯，正要舉步之際，竟傳來陣陣茶香撲鼻，剎那瞄了瞄上方的木牌，手已不禁將前方木門推開，默想着剛才的三個直度大字——「樂茶軒」。
果然，木門後，別有離塵天地。

瞳孔裏反照出一片古色，木地板鋪上一層輕蠟，門口的左方擱了數個木架，分別放了不同的茶壺、茶杯，靠牆有一貌似百子櫃般的木具，相信是安置茶葉的地方，數位身穿寶藍色長袍的茶藝師，正專注地泡水試茶。右方則是另一木櫃，一個個小圓罐整齊地排列在內，拿起一瞧，罐子上寫了茶葉的名目，裏面則放了一小撮茶葉，好讓品茗者挑選茶種。來到店子的前方，散發着濃厚中國味的正方木桌及木椅正有員工在拭淨，數個紋路相當細緻的木屏風，稍稍分間了兩至三個空間，免卻侷促，並列的數個雙門大窗透着日光，而窗框及窗花都一致地用上了木材，貫徹始終。


凡塵本歸自然
確定這是一家茶館後，一名身穿沈紅寛衣的老人步及。怎麼說，他綁起銀髮，一額清爽；圓弧的黑框眼鏡，擋不住深邃的雙眼皮，一雙明眸似乎沒有被歲月壓昏；微笑底下，連着一束白鬍子，左手把其執起一掃，對了，就像遠古的智者。伸出右手一握，他報上「葉榮枝」一名來，於茶藝界相當有名氣的他，被尊稱為老師，亦是茶館的主人。
茶館歷年廿七，說長不長。老師接過茶藝師的茶，小嘗一口，緩緩道出每晨試茶乃茶館的傳統，重點是水。香港不吃香，水質一般，即使採用了優質的濾水器，每天仍要先確保水味如貫，方放心泡茶。地方各有優劣，本是自然，盡本份泡出一壺好茶，就是尊重天然、順應自然。說起這一點，就關乎茶館成立的原因，其實有些少因緣。
早於八十年代，老師跟維他奶的創辦人羅桂祥合作，賣紫砂茶壺維生。當時是一九八六年，對茶道還是一知半解的他，遇上了他的啟蒙者，亦即是他的員工。這名員工來自安溪，家族以種茶維生。一次機緣，他帶老師到故鄉去，踏上茶山一刻，完全震撼了。高山雲霧，地方唯美不在話下，最大的感動，來自茶農認真的精神。當時做茶葉很樸素，由種植、採收、挑葉、搖茶、發酵、殺青，到包裝都一手一腳、一板一眼，沒有機器輔助，一切講求天時、地利、人和。由一個普通的飲品，變成有生命的東西，不單好喝，不是完美，但有一種個性，猶與大自然結合。說起，他仍覺激動：「好感動，嗰刻我發現，呢樣先係人所追求嘅嘢。」那個年代，茶種不明確，某地的普洱、哪方的水仙，反正各類茶葉全都由政府先收購，再混合出售。於是，老師帶了好些茶葉回港試賣，發明了「單採」這個名詞，明確地劃分了地區及茶類。流傳間，大家覺得這概念很好，引發他開創了樂茶軒。
老師呷下第二杯茶之時，已見有客人步進茶館，時間尚早，多為品茗而來。放下玻璃茶杯，他徐徐站起，迎賓去。


專心不染塵濁
客人是三名女士，打扮樸實，徑自走到放置茶葉的木櫃前喃喃互語。老師見狀，上前打着招呼，又拿起茶葉小罐讓各人嗅嗅。這是茶館的執着，了解客人口味，為其挑選合適的茶種，賣茶之餘，解釋何謂好茶，如何品茶、泡茶。「由八十年代起，我見盡好多茶館，而家執得七七八八，佢哋最大問題係將重心放喺食物，令茶館風味減少。」他強調，茶永遠是主角。
言談間，發覺三人有意學茶，老師於是把各種茶葉、茶具拿出，準備泡茶。用小勺子舀起茶葉一瞬，他神情忽而嚴肅起來。這是他的信念——專注。細心專注地喝，就發現味道確是不同。他把熱水壺插電，將茶的種類娓娓道來。
從前，茶葉分類很簡單，分為不發酵、半發酵、全發酵及後發酵四種。現時則較講究，劃分了六大茶類。綠茶、青茶、白茶、黃茶、黑茶及紅茶。
此刻在老師面前的，正是不發酵的綠茶，碧螺春。只見，老師於熱水壺旁邊放了一瓶溫水。不需預熱杯子，因為愈少發酵的茶葉，沖水溫度愈低。綠茶雅淡，宜用薄身茶具，他慢條斯理地把泡好的茶倒入玻璃杯中，茶的表面浮起了一層茶毫，即茶茸毛，茶毫愈多，代表茶葉愈細嫩。淺嘗一口，清香的餘韻仍於舌尖徘徊之際，老師已換上一套小巧的薄紫砂泡烏龍茶。稍稍預熱茶具，倒掉熱水後，就把屬於半發酵的青茶塞到茶壺中注水，把第一壺茶倒掉，他解釋：「唔係每隻茶都要倒走第一泡，烏龍茶第一轉茶葉未張開，唔香，所以唔要。」把茶飲盡，老師走到擺放茶葉的木櫃前，逐一解說。
手上的水仙是白茶，屬低發酵茶，宜低溫沖泡；旁邊擺放着罕有的黃茶，則屬後發酵，他一解狐疑：「等於你媽媽留菜，菜心芥蘭，我用碟蓋住，返嚟再蒸熱，菜變成黃色，咁咪係黃茶囉！」同屬後發酵的黑茶亦然，變成黃色的菜再慢慢曬乾閒置，變成菜乾，就是黑茶。往下方一看，是為人所知的普洱，即紅茶，紅茶以全發酵製作，要用高溫沖泡。見有人口水直流，老師知情地舀起一撮，返回泡茶的位置，用大熱的滾水灌滿厚紫砂壺，放入茶葉，把水柱拉高注入壺中。細心一看，茶葉比剛才的兩種茶粗大得多，故此水溫需較高，原理如煮牛肉一樣，牛肉切得薄，火鍋時熗熗就吃；如果牛肉切得厚，就需多浸兩下。這正是人云亦云的表現，原來水滾，不一定茶靚。
想當初，教他喝茶的師傅，主要是茶農，與之生活，取溪水沖茶，訓練專注，細心體會時，慢慢找到茶的樂趣、茶的精髓，繼而，才變成了他生命的一部分。
茶，其實是一種經驗，需要累積。這是他送別三名女士時，留下的一句話。

悲心牽動萬麈
轉身步回茶館一刻，門外剛好有人送來點心，老師見無人閒暇，於是出外交接。雨露依然連綿，他倒是一臉無所謂，與門外送貨工人核對着單據。驀地，一名挽着兩袋蔬菜的光頭男人站在身後察聽內容，見一切順利，就急步往炊煙裊裊的廚房走。老師忙畢，見店內已半滿，不慌不忙地踏入廚房。「劉經理，客人開始到啦。」他稍稍吊高嗓子，喚着正忙得不可開交的光頭漢。劉經理原來主力負責廚房及菜單。茶館雖然只賣素食，但七成的點心都是當天即包即蒸，其餘三成向某寺院叫貨。劉經理每早都需要外出挑選新鮮貨，原則是不時不吃。既然茶是主角，食物理所當然，就是配角，因此茶館每天只售約二十款點心，但選擇少，客人容易生厭，故每天都要轉換款式。至於，最令二人頭痛的，就是如何讓菜式配合醇茶，因為茶本身是一個減的元素，用來清潔口腔，素菜清淡，易致「口寡」，所以他們要不斷嘗試，例如油膩的，配普洱茶來清膩感；淡味的，就配清茶。
離開廚房，發現店裏已經近乎滿座，看來最旺場的午市已至，緊隨身後的老師開腔：「附近做嘢嘅人想食素，但附近冇素餐館，所以就會嚟晒呢度。」素蝦餃、素燒賣、豆腐餅、燉湯，一籠籠點心不息地送到席間。看着穿著整齊的上班族忙於咀嚼，使得他憶起九十年代的上環。
一九九一年至二零零二年間，茶館於上環樓梯街開業，只賣茶葉，旁邊很多老茶鋪。被嘲是黃毛小子的他，卻憑着一份慈悲，而站穩陣腳。他相信幫人要盡全力，故此，有任何人到茶舍請教茶道，即使沒有光顧，都會傾囊相授。也不求暴利。估計，全中國屬他的茶最便宜，三十八元一斤起，到現時都沒有漲價。他常跟客人直言，他們的茶並不特別名貴，並非得獎，只是好喝。清心明明，令他結識了一群「茶道中人」，因而闖出名堂。但老師強調，不要讓一片悲心受蒙騙，例如茶價未必直接反映品質，「我好討厭大陸啲小罐茶，話咩總裁飲嘅茶，世界上有幾多總裁？其實就是要令你虛榮。」有些茶賣幾萬元一斤，根本騙人。故此，他要尋根，親自到中國內地不同的茶山試茶，好茶方買，成為了全香港第一個跑茶山的人，幾乎全中國的茶山都跑過。熱心的他，更冒着生命危險去試茶。
有一次，老師到龍井向茶農買茶，碰到一個炒茶的人，二人聊開了，他就嗟嘆黃茶難求，因為做茶過程繁複，沒有幾個人做了，不料對方竟然指他的爺爺會做，老師二話不說，立即動身隨他到安徽故鄉找黃茶老人。然而，不知道是因為過於興奮而忘記，還是刻意遺忘，當年是二零零三年，正值沙士疫間，聞說此病就是從該處傳來，故被列作禁區。幸而，他最後都無病歸來，更帶來了珍貴的黃茶，對方被其誠意打動，更每年為他做茶。
從思憶中掙脫，老師揑一把汗。最令他覺得驚險的，是在眾多老行尊面前，能夠生存過來。最後，茶鋪愈做愈好，於是二零零三年投標現址，開始做茶館，如他的口頭禪「From farm to table（從茶山到桌面）」。於他而言，茶道雖盛載了很多文化及歷史，但經常把文化掛於嘴邊，終成包袱。所以他的信念是讓人快快樂樂地喝茶，故名「樂茶軒」。
回頭，他已坐於客席，與數名外國人茗茶閒聊。如斯氛圍，吸引不少遊客遠道而來，牽塵萬里。

喜捨一切如塵
送走了最後一位客人，仰首一望，已經四時許。穿戴整齊的店員，開始重新於餐桌上鋪上竹蓆，一雙筷子、一套碗碟，都有條不紊。手輕腳動，不發出一點繁音。倏地，幾位手執樂器的男女推開大門，朝老師這邊打招呼。茶館平日不做晚市，每逢周末晚則有粵曲或南音表演，很多客人特地來，邊欣賞邊享用晚膳，相當熱鬧。南音徐徐揚起，老師輕敲拍子，訴說着，表演樂隊駐場多年，早已成為老友。堅持做音樂表演，並沒有為他帶來更高的利潤，由始至終，他都只視茶舍為一個以茶會友的地方：「你想發達千祈唔好做茶，呢行能夠過到生活，維持落去已經好好。」喜捨，是他的座右銘。
喜捨，即有些東西要懂得放棄，懂得與人分享。正如要得好情誼，凡事就不能賺到盡。說實話，對年輕人而言，茶館有點老套，但老師一點沒有想過以年輕化來擴大客源：「好難將就年輕人，好似佢哋鍾意飲珍珠奶茶，但呢個係我底線，叫我畀啲化學劑你飲，我做唔到。但年輕人會長大，總有一日發覺乜嘢對自己好，佢哋需要幫助，而唔係將就。」堅持原則，就要捨棄獲利。
對於茶的執着，又豈止一二。時至今日，老師仍然會去茶山試茶，尤其是多產的地方，好茶需要發掘。當然，很多茶都不需他親自去買，畢竟，認識了十多年的相熟茶農芸芸，每年都自動替其留一批好茶，他咧嘴笑道：「而家係賣幾分老臉皮！」縱然臉皮多厚，事實上如今很多茶都買不到了，就如他一直光顧的一個茶農家庭。老師憶述，這家人做的鐵觀音非常香醇，還記得第一次到他們家中看他們做茶，一絲不苟的全手工製作，更要用腳搓茶葉，深深被他們的堅持震懾。可惜，九十年代時，茶農的兒子自殺死了，夫婦二人傷心過度，又缺少了兒子的幫忙，也就不再做茶，那種茶至今也再嘗不了，此乃茶館的一大缺失。
只是，不捨不捨，還需捨。

被傷痛籠罩着的老師，略帶蒼然。睿智的光芒稍熄，暴露了六十有七的點點老態。茶館雖好，人卻會衰。說到傳承問題，他確實沒有頭緒。第一，有興趣的人不多；第二，懂茶的人不多，但最令他憂心的，是感情關係轉移問題：「茶農老，我又老，佢哋嘅接班人同我嘅接班人可唔可以共處，都係未知之數，老啦，唔可以帶走任何嘢，咁交畀邊個呢？」他自覺唯一能做的，是讓人感到茶館有生命力，畢竟誰願意接手一間小店？碰巧，最近大館邀請他去開店，自嘲一把年紀；一把鬍子；一把鼻涕；一把眼淚；一把衝勁；一把茶壺，最後把心一橫就去做。他，就賭一鋪。
揑着鬍子，智者深知世外桃源，虛無縹緲。何不暢飲一杯，暫洗風塵，於此天地胡哼亂唱，一番逍遙。
明天的事，明天了。

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大家好! 我係SAAII!
今日說的是基礎發音 PART 2, 在日文的鼻音中 其實除了影片上的m / n音, 還有發ng 的, 但因為分別不大, 每次要想一大堆規則才讀也是不太可能, 所以只說分別較大的。 大家可能慢慢讀日文時. 自己不知不覺下也會讀成日本人一樣喔! 所以不用太在意規則, 要放膽讀, 留意一下自己的發音 和 錄音的不同, 慢慢就會進步!

拋音亦都是很多人會覺得有點難讀的字, 但只要多讀, 也難不到大家的!
一起加油喔!


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(=' :') 請訂閱我的頻道
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大家的日本語 - 文型。例文。會話 (錄音)
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大家的日本語 - 文法介紹 / 文型講解
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你現在所看到的就是在大陸很出名的千手觀音表演，配合佛教音樂，演出人員整齊劃一伸出手來，就如同變化萬千的觀音，讓人看了就感覺很不簡單。
其實不講你可能不知道，這些擔任演出的演員，都是聽障人士，他們經過不斷的訓練之後，才可以表演出這麼精彩的節目，一來到表演現場，演員也馬上進行排演，雖然耳朵聽不到，必須靠手語溝通，但是他們用心排練的精神，確實讓人很佩服。
這場由雲林縣日頭花姊姊協會所舉辦的迎向陽光看見希望兩岸身心障礙者文化交流活動，除了大陸福建省身心障礙團體的表演，雲林縣濁水溪藝術舞蹈團也由謝映涵、林柏宏分別演出節目，視障歌手張振華也帶來三條歌曲、雲林復健青年協會圓夢舞集也表演精彩的輪椅舞，難得的兩岸文化交流活動，讓滿場的觀眾一飽眼福。
殘障朋友可以克服身體上的不方便，展現他們在藝術方面的才能，實在非常不簡單，透過雲林縣日頭花姊姊協會所舉辦的兩岸文化交流活動，也讓雲林縣民有機會可以看到高水準的藝術表演，並學習殘障朋友不認輸的精神，讓自己的生命可以活得更加精彩、豐富。

《歡迎來坐》
國會研究室：臺北市中正區濟南路1段3-1號2103室、
青埔服務處：雲林縣虎尾鎮平和里青埔2-23號。

《張麗善 雲林ㄟ日頭花 粉絲專頁》
https://www.facebook.com/yunlin.lishan/

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《張麗善 Instagram官方帳號》
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《張麗善 Line@官方帳號》
https://line.me/R/ti/p/%40yunlin.lish...

《財團法人雲林縣青埔教育基金會》
http://hanreporter.blogspot.tw/2012/0...

《懇請支持國民黨提名縣市長參選人》(依徵召提名順序排列)
苗栗縣長徐耀昌、南投縣長林明溱、連江縣長劉增應、彰化縣王惠美、臺東縣饒慶鈴、新竹市許明財、宜蘭縣林姿妙、雲林縣張麗善、花蓮縣徐榛蔚、基隆市謝立功、臺中市盧秀燕、嘉義市黃敏惠、澎湖縣賴峰偉、新北市侯友宜、桃園市陳學聖、嘉義縣吳育仁、屏東縣蘇清泉、臺北市丁守中，金門縣楊鎮浯。

《敬請關注國民黨立法院黨團委員群》
蔣萬安、李彥秀、蔣乃辛、費鴻泰、賴士葆、林德福、羅明才、陳學聖、呂玉玲、顏寬恆、
盧秀燕、江啟臣、林為洲、陳超明、徐志榮、王惠美、馬文君、許淑華、楊鎮浯、陳雪生、鄭天財、廖國棟、孔文吉、簡東明、王金平、柯志恩、陳宜民、林麗嬋、許毓仁、曾銘宗、黃昭順、吳志揚、張麗善、徐榛蔚、王育敏。

《雲林鄉鎮市》
斗六市、虎尾鎮、斗南鎮、四湖鄉、土庫鎮、 臺西鄉、崙背鄉、水林鄉、二崙鄉、麥寮鄉、口湖鄉、褒忠鄉、大埤、虎尾。

《雲林景點》
劍湖山世界， 北港朝天宮， 蜜蜂故事館， 雲林故事館。