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Freeze-dried seeds really last

凍乾法真能延長種子壽命

When Lowell Woodstock returned in 1978 after two years in Saudi Arabia, he
found that all the freeze-dried onion seeds he had left from earlier
freeze-drying experiment were viable, while more than half the air-dried
seeds were not.

Woodstock, a plant physiologist with the Agricultural Research Service, who
kept the freeze-dried seeds for seven more years of storage at room
temperature and 40-50°C, found little sign of deterioration.

在沙烏地阿拉伯待了兩年後，Lowell Woodstock於一九七八年回到美國。他發現先前以凍
乾法實驗所保存的洋蔥種子，能夠繼續成長，而有一半以乾燥法保存的種子則不然。

Woodstock是一位植物生理學家，任職於美國農驗研究服務處。他將種子以凍乾法的方式
，保存在室溫，以及攝氏40到50度的房間長達七年多，卻發現種子沒有壞掉的跡象。

The original research in 1976 showed that freeze-drying markedly improved
storage life of onion, pepper, and parsley seeds at temperatures equivalent
to those in tropics and subtropics.

Woodstock says freeze-drying works very well in combination with air-drying.
First, seeds are air-dried to about 10 percent seed moisture and then
freeze-dried down to 5 percent.

最初在一九七六年，研究指出在溫度近似熱帶、亞熱帶的環境，以凍乾法保存的洋蔥、辣
椒、荷蘭芹種子的保存期限，都大幅增加。

Woodstock指出凍乾法和乾燥法可說是相輔相成。首先，以乾燥法將種子的濕度降至百分
之十，接著再以凍乾法降至百分之五。

Air-drying can easily reduce seeds to about 10 percent, but after that point
it becomes difficult, requiring either high or prolonged heat, both of which
can damage seeds.

Woodstock believes that onion seeds and possibly other vegetable seeds dried
by this two-step method can be selected in moisture-proof packets and stored
for many years at room temperature or indefinitely at sub-freezing
temperatures.

因為乾燥法可以輕鬆將種子濕度降至百分之十，但，要再往下降可就沒那麼容易。你需要
高溫或是長溫來使種子脫水，而這兩種方法都會讓種子死去。

Woodstock相信，除了洋蔥種子外，凍乾法及乾燥法還可能運用在其他植物種子。接著，
選出品質較好的種子進行防潮包裝，在室溫環境可以保存數年，而在零度以下的環境則可
以永久保存。
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