[文法與詞彙Q&A] although, but, yet, even though, though, whereas, despite, in spite of 的區別

A. 表示「雖然、儘管、但是」
1. although, but, yet

-In theory it seems like a good idea, but I don’t think it’ll work in practice.

-In theory it seems like a good idea, although I don’t think it’ll work in practice.
-Although it seems like a good idea, I don’t think it will work in practice.

※注意：although, but 兩者只能取其一，不能同時並用

Although it seems like a good idea, but I don’t think it will work in practice. (X)

※ 亦可用 still、anyway (依然、還是) 來加強but, although的語氣
I wasn’t feeling very well, but I still went to work.
I wasn’t feeling very well, but I went to work anyway.
I still went to work, although I wasn’t feeling very well.
Although I wasn’t feeling very well, I went to work anyway.

※亦可用yet來替代 but
It’s a simple yet very effective system.
In theory it seems like a good idea, (and) yet I don’t think it’ll work in practice.

Used as a conjunction, "yet" is similar in meaning to "but," but it has a stronger effect on the reader or listener. There is perhaps more of a surprise associated with the former statement. Note that you can put "and" in front of "yet" when it comes at the beginning of a clause, but of course this is not possible with "but," so you can write the following sentence:

"The cyclists were tired and hungry, all but exhausted, (and) yet they refused to give up in their attempt to finish the race."

Source: http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/learningenglish/grammar/learnit/learnitv21.shtml

--------------------------------------------------

2. though, even though
though 比較口語，意思與although同，但though 可以放在句尾(當副詞用)

-Though he has lived for years in London, he writes in French. (雖然)—連接詞

-He has lived for years in London. He writes in French, though. (不過、但是)--副詞

even though (即便、儘管)用法與although 同, 語氣更強烈
-Even though I wasn’t feeling very well, I still went to work.

=========================

B. 表示「而、卻、反之」(對照比較之用)
-Indonesia has a lot of natural resources, whereas Singapore has none.

-Whereas Indonesia has a lot of natural resources, Singapore has none.

※ although 與 whereas 的比較

although 含有驚訝的意味 (通常是第二個子句所透漏的訊息令人意外) We had a reasonable year in Asia, although sales fell a little in Japan.

Although sales fell a little in Japan, we had a reasonable year in the rest of Asia.

Whereas 則強調對照，驚訝意味並不濃
We had a reasonable year in Asia, whereas sales in Europe were quite disappointing.

※ while 的用法
Inflation rose by 3% last year, while house prices went up 6%. (=whereas)
While there are still some issues to resolve, I think we should go ahead. (=although)

=========================

C. despite/in spite of 的用法
despite 與 in spite of 意思同 although，但是用法不同；although 是連接詞，後面可接子句，despite/in spite of 為介係詞，後面必須接名詞或動名詞

Although sales increased, profits fell.
Despite the increase in sales, profits fell.

Although I was ill, I went to work.
In spite of my illness, I went to work.
Despite my illness, I went to work.
In spite of feeling ill, I went to work.
Despite feeling ill, I went to work.

Despite I felt ill, I went to work. (X)

=========================

Sources:
elc.it.lhu.edu.tw/LHUIT/LHUITCourse/IT21030/.../連接用語(一).doc
http://learnenglish.britishcouncil.org/en/grammar-reference/spite-despite-although
http://www.oneworldofenglish.com/english_grammar_reference/although_even_though_despite_in_spite_of.htm
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nX8N9RiGCZg
http://www.wretch.cc/blog/e1c3396/11909723

吃牛排配的小餐包，四十年前，一個只賣一塊五，利潤很薄，烘焙業者大多都不想做，但是中壢這位老闆逆向思考，別人不想做的，乾脆自己來做，並且努力研發多種口味，到今天成了桃園新竹一帶最大供應商，疫情期間，儘管牛排館叫貨量減少，但網路興起，鹹奶油餐包，生意好得不得了。

店家資訊：
人人麵包烘焙
地址：桃園市中壢區月眉路三段213號
電話：0933-783-215

■台灣1001個故事　說不完的故事
每周日晚間9點，請鎖定東森新聞【台灣1001個故事】唷！

更多精彩內容鎖定《台灣1001個故事》
https://www.youtube.com/user/ettvtaiwan1001

#台灣1001個故事 #白心儀 #美食 #奶油餐包 #中壢 #牛排 #餐包 #烘培 #鹹奶油 #點心 #麵包

(00:00:12)台南八十年蝦仁飯 好手藝傳賢不傳子
事業或者手藝，非得一定要傳給孩子嗎，台南這家蝦仁飯的老闆，就有不同的想法和做法，他把打拼一輩子的事業，傳給肯學、肯做，又願意吃苦耐勞的人，而這個人就算是沒有血緣關係也沒關係。所以過去在廚房洗菜打雜的小廚師，因為老闆的慧眼識英雄，現在有機會承接老字號招牌，延續飄香八十年的古早味。

店家資訊:
集品蝦仁飯
地址:台南市中西區海安路一段107號
電話:06-226-3929

(00:09:29)巷弄超人氣排骨蝦仁飯 新鮮蝦仁現剝現炸
基隆這一家隱身在小巷弄內的排骨蝦仁飯，生意好到顧客會動分流，用餐時間之前，當地居民會先等在門口，為的，就是不想跟大批外地來的顧客， 人擠人。老店開業46年了，老闆娘說生意好的原因，不在於他們用了什麼秘訣配方，而是「新鮮」兩個字；因為位在魚市場邊，蝦仁天天現剝現炸、排骨也一定只用溫體豬，有的老客人不但全年無休天天報到，有時候店休太久，還會生氣抗議呢！

店家資訊：
天天鮮排骨飯
地址：基隆市仁愛區孝三路42巷4號
電話：02-24252108

(00:18:04)超狂超蝦浮誇炒飯 草屯小鎮排隊奇蹟
人生的道路儘管曾經走偏，只要及時修正方向，都有機會找到光明的出口。南投草屯賣蝦仁飯的老闆，就有從腳踏實地的工作當中，重回正道的人生經歷。

店家資訊:
米香哥蝦仁飯
地址：南投縣草屯鎮中正路814號之1號
電話：049-2381-958

(00:25:47)四十年古早味蝦仁飯 老台南的活力早餐
一個家庭的長子，肩上的責任多半是得扛多一點。就像這個小吃店的老闆，身為長男，從小就得幫家裡做生意，還要負擔爸爸的醫藥費，但是他心裏無怨，反而感恩自己有能力照顧家裡，唯一的遺憾就是，父親先走了一步，沒機會好好孝順。但是他也把這份遺憾，化為努力工作的動力。

店家資訊:
和緯蝦仁飯
地址：台南市北區文賢路626號
電話：(06)258-4669


■台灣1001個故事 說不完的故事
每周日晚間9點，請鎖定東森新聞【台灣1001個故事】唷！

更多精彩內容鎖定《台灣1001個故事》
https://www.youtube.com/user/ettvtaiwan1001

#台灣1001個故事 #白心儀 #美食 #蝦仁飯 #台南 #基隆 #南投 #蝦仁 #半熟蛋 #集品蝦仁飯 #天天鮮排骨飯 #米香哥蝦仁飯 #和緯蝦仁飯

吃牛排配的小餐包，四十年前，一個只賣一塊五，利潤很薄，烘焙業者大多都不想做，但是中壢這位老闆逆向思考，別人不想做的，乾脆自己來做，並且努力研發多種口味，到今天成了桃園新竹一帶最大供應商，疫情期間，儘管牛排館叫貨量減少，但網路興起，鹹奶油餐包，生意好得不得了。

店家資訊：
人人麵包烘焙
地址：桃園市中壢區月眉路三段213號
電話：0933-783-215

金成蘭餅店
地址：新北市新店區新店路155號
電話：02-2911-1286
營業時間:07:30-19:00

■台灣1001個故事　說不完的故事
每周日晚間9點，請鎖定東森新聞【台灣1001個故事】唷！

更多精彩內容鎖定《台灣1001個故事》
https://www.youtube.com/user/ettvtaiwan1001

#台灣1001個故事 #白心儀 #美食