［時事英文］China Fights for Chip Independence 中國「晶片熱」背後
Computer chips are the brains and souls of all the electronics the country’s factories crank out. ...
［時事英文］China Fights for Chip Independence 中國「晶片熱」背後
Computer chips are the brains and souls of all the electronics the country’s factories crank out. Yet they are mostly designed and produced overseas. China’s government is lavishing money upon anyone who can help change that.
computer chips 電腦晶片
crank sth out 草草 (大量和快速) 生産
lavish money upon提供大量的資金給…*
電腦晶片是中國工廠生產的所有電子產品的大腦和靈魂。然而，它們大多在海外設計和製造。中國政府正在向任何能幫助改變這一現狀的人提供大量資金。
*lavish (v.) 揮霍，浪費；濫施 [（+on）]
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Their efforts are starting to pay off. China remains far from hosting real rivals to American chip giants like Intel and Nvidia, and its semiconductor manufacturers are at least four years behind the leading edge in Taiwan. Still, local companies are expanding their ability to meet the country’s needs, particularly for products, such as smart appliances and electric vehicles, that have more modest requirements than supercomputers and high-end smartphones.
start to pay off 開始得到回報
host (v.) 為（網站）提供軟硬體支援
far from sth 遠未…；完全不…
leading edge (n.) 尖端，前沿
meet the country’s needs 滿足國家需求
smart appliances 智慧家電
high-end (adj.) （產品）高價位的，高檔的
他們的努力開始得到回報。中國目前遠不足以成為英特爾(Intel)和英偉達(Nvidia)等美國晶片巨頭真正的競爭對手，其半導體製造商距離台灣的領先優勢都還至少落後四年。儘管如此，中國企業仍在擴大自身能力以滿足國內需求，尤其是在智能家電和電動汽車方面，這些產品的製造要求比超級計算機和高端智慧型手機要低。
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Beijing’s recent love of chips began with the creation of a giant, chip-focused investment fund in 2014. The government set a lofty goal: China would produce 40 percent of the chips it consumed by 2020. That didn’t happen. Morgan Stanley analysts estimate that Chinese brands bought $103 billion in semiconductors last year, of which 17 percent was from local vendors. They predict the share will rise to 40 percent in 2025, far short of the government’s target of 70 percent.
investment fund 投資基金
set a lofty goal 制定一個宏大的目標
local vendors 國內供應商; vendor 小販；攤主；賣主
semiconductor 半導體
far short of 遠低於
北京最近對晶片的著迷始於2014年成立的一個規模巨大、專注於晶片的投資基金。政府制定了一個宏大目標：到2020年，中國將生產其所消耗晶片的40%。這一目標未能實現。摩根士丹利(Morgan Stanley)分析師估計，中國品牌去年購入了價值1030億美元的半導體，其中有17%來自國內供應商。他們預測到2025年，這一比例將升至40%，遠低於政府設定的70%的目標。
《紐約時報》完整報導：http://nyti.ms/3pTb7ei
圖片出處: http://bit.ly/3rY2OQC
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US suffers bubble tea drought as Taiwanese tapioca shipments back up in ports
Taiwan’s national drink, pearl milk tea, has taken the world by storm ( ) in recent years, and it is the addition of tapioca balls ( ) — also known variously as “pearls,” “boba” and “bubbles” — that creates the beverage’s unique flavor and textural ( ) experience. However, foreign media are reporting that logistical ( ) delays have caused both Taiwan-produced tapioca balls and tapioca powder from Thailand to be stuck inside shipping containers ( ) as the shipments await customs ( ) approval ( ).
As the COVID-19 pandemic continues to wreak havoc ( ) on the global shipping industry, goods and commodities ( ) shipped from Asia, including Taiwan and Thailand, have become held up at US ports, caught up in a backlog ( ) of unprocessed ( ) shipments. This has led to shortages ( ) of some raw materials ( ), causing many US drinks vendors ( ) to grumble ( ) nonstop ( ). One such vendor has fumed ( ) that with no tapioca balls, many customers will not set foot ( ) inside the shop to buy a drink.
Oliver Yoon, global vice president of sales and marketing at Boba Direct, a pearl milk tea product supplier ( ) based in Arlington Heights, Illinois, US, says that about one month ago the company began to experience shortages of raw materials. Yoon adds that it is a nationwide ( ) crisis ( ) and says he expects the situation will not begin to improve until the end of the month.
Tea & Others shop owner Alex Ou says some customers will not buy a drink if the shop has run out of ( ) boba, adding: “They are literally ( ) here for the boba.” Ou says he hopes that customers can be patient, since the shortage of raw materials is only temporary ( ). Nonetheless, it is understandable that this is a depressing ( ) time for many businesses, adds Ou.
According to California-based supplier US Boba Co, 99 percent of boba comes from overseas ( ), and although the company has a boba factory in the US, they are still reliant ( ) on imported tapioca starch ( ). According to reports, in addition to bubble milk tea vendors, other US businesses are also suffering shortages. Starbucks has reported it is experiencing shortages of cups and sugar syrups ( ), while the pandemic has also caused shortages of home fitness ( ) equipment, ice skates and furniture.
因台灣珍珠原料未到 美國陷入珍珠奶茶荒
疫情導致全球航運大亂，一些台灣、泰國等亞洲國家貨物卡在美國港口排隊無法入關，導致珍珠奶茶「珍珠」的原料短缺，讓不少美國飲料店業者叫苦連天，更有業者抱怨，沒有「珍珠」讓許多顧客不願上門買飲料。
綜合外媒報導，近年風靡全球的台灣飲料「珍珠奶茶」，在飲料中添加珍珠創造獨特風味與口感，但因為運輸延誤，來自台灣的珍珠以及來自泰國用來製造珍珠的木薯粉，通通卡在船上貨櫃中等待進關。
位於芝加哥的珍奶產品供應商「Boba Direct」銷售副總奧利佛（Oliver Yoon）說，大概在一個月前就出現原料短缺情形，這是一場全國性的風暴，最快要等到四月底才能紓緩。
「Tea & Others」飲料店老闆艾利克斯（Alex Ou）則表示，如果沒有珍珠，一些顧客根本不願上門購買飲料，「他們都是為珍珠而來」。艾利克斯希望消費者能更有耐心。原料短缺只是暫時的，然而對其他業者來說，這件事的確讓人感到沮喪。
加州珍珠供應商「美國波霸公司」（US Boba Co.）表示，美國有百分之九十九的珍珠來自國外進口，即便他們在美國有自己的工廠，仍需要依靠國外進口木薯粉。報導指，除了珍珠奶茶外，星巴克也出現杯子和糖漿短缺情形，甚至健身器材、溜冰鞋、家具等其他產品，幾乎都受到影響。
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