雖然這篇一森峰格局鄉民發文沒有被收入到精華區:在一森峰格局這個話題中,我們另外找到其它相關的精選爆讚文章
在 一森峰格局產品中有66篇Facebook貼文,粉絲數超過5萬的網紅以身嗜法。法國迷航的瞬間,也在其Facebook貼文中提到, 法國觀點:《Taïwan, le prochain repli stratégique de l'Occident ?》 臺灣,西方的下一個戰略撤退? 美國大西洋報刊登China’s ‘Very Tricky Situation’一文之後,法國大西洋報訪問了法國學者的看法。原文翻譯如下: (文...
同時也有2部Youtube影片,追蹤數超過1,790的網紅李基銘漢聲廣播電台-節目主持人-影音頻道,也在其Youtube影片中提到,本集主題:達人帶路-「湖北」介紹 專訪:葉禮維(欣中國編輯) 湖北為先秦時期楚國的地域,簡稱“鄂”與中原文化並列華夏文明二大源頭。而今日的武漢江流湖泊和綠樹青山密佈,具有上百處旅遊景點,不僅是個開放、文明、新潮的現代港灣,而且回溯武漢3500年歷史,也不難發現她融合楚文化、三國文化及近代中西...
一森峰格局 在 鯤腹腳史蹟-張鎧臣de台南 Instagram 的最佳解答
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【里港藍家古厝②】210823 藍家古厝最初建成的確切年代已不可考,一般認為藍雲錦在朱一貴事件之後至雍正年間來臺(1721-1735間),在永春村福德祠碑記中記載為雍正七年(1729)所建;但其父藍鼎元於1733年逝世,藍雲錦守孝三年後才在臺灣定居;(另據阿里港文化協會創會會長陳瑞慶描述,因藍鼎元...
一森峰格局 在 艾米希莉的啃書觀影日常 Instagram 的最佳解答
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💊💉👩🦽 《逃》.令人坐立難安到最後一刻⠀ ⠀ 《逃》的劇情不免讓人聯想到改編自真人真事的迷你劇集《惡行》,從小患有多重疾病的女兒與竭盡心力照顧孩子的母親,看似是表現母愛最偉大、慈祥的溫馨故事,實際上卻是描繪當愛被扭曲時,過度的控制與保護欲所帶來的謊言,每種情緒、情感只要過於極端都不是好事,就連「...
一森峰格局 在 葉忠宜 Instagram 的精選貼文
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一森峰格局 在 李基銘漢聲廣播電台-節目主持人-影音頻道 Youtube 的最佳解答
2017-11-23 16:45:58本集主題:達人帶路-「湖北」介紹
專訪:葉禮維(欣中國編輯)
湖北為先秦時期楚國的地域,簡稱“鄂”與中原文化並列華夏文明二大源頭。而今日的武漢江流湖泊和綠樹青山密佈,具有上百處旅遊景點,不僅是個開放、文明、新潮的現代港灣,而且回溯武漢3500年歷史,也不難發現她融合楚文化、三國文化及近代中西文化的古風遺韻。
湖北省會「武漢」又稱江城,2015年被評為全國文明城市。華中地區最大都市,有九省通衢之稱。長江、漢水橫貫市區,將武漢一分為三,形成了武昌、漢口、漢陽三鎮隔江鼎立的格局。武漢市宣傳標語「大江,大湖,大武漢」,突出了武漢的城市特點。1918年美國豎琴師雜誌刊(Harpers)載了一篇署名為魏爾·瓦爾特的文章《中國的芝加哥》。該文盛讚道:「漢口在全國商品市場上所處的地位,可與芝加哥在美國的地位媲美」。
熱門景點:
●世界遺產─《 武當山 》
►著名的道教聖地之一,擁有奇特絢麗的自然景觀,及豐富多彩的人文景觀,被譽為「亙古無雙勝境,天下第一仙山」。
●榮獲“世界自然遺產、世界地質公園、人與生物圈自然保護區”「三冠王」三項殊榮之─《 神農架 》
►位於湖北省西部,屬秦嶺山系大巴山脈東段的神農架山脈,西南部為亞高山區,東北部為中山、低山區。神農架東與湖北省接壤,西與重慶市毗鄰,總面積3253平方公里。神農架平均海拔1,700米,最高峰神農頂海拔3,105.4米,野生動植物資源極為豐富,是中國內陸保存完好的唯一一片綠洲和世界中緯度地區唯一的一塊綠色寶地,是最富特色的壟斷性的世界級旅遊資源。相傳華夏始祖炎帝神農氏在此搭架採藥,親嘗百草而得名。神農架的珍稀植物有冷杉、岩柏、梭羅、珙桐、鐵堅杉等。
●素有“中華銀杏第一村”美譽之─《 安陸錢沖國家古銀杏森林公園 》
►銀杏素有“活化石”之稱,錢沖村有華中地區最大的古銀杏群落:千年以上的古銀杏48株,500年以上的1468株,百年以上的達4683株。定植銀杏240萬株,銀杏數量之多、年代之久為全國之最,被譽為“中華銀杏第一村”。 2008年底,錢沖村古銀杏風景區獲批省級森林公園,現已是古銀杏國家森林公園。秀美的自然風光,深厚的文化積澱,為錢沖村發展旅遊業提供了得天獨厚的條件。錢沖銀杏旅遊在省內外旅遊市場具有相當的號召力,特別是金秋銀杏葉黃之時,各地遊客紛至沓來。
●江南三大名樓之一─《 黃鶴樓 》
►為江南三大名樓之一,與岳陽樓、滕王閣並稱江南三大名樓,赤紅廊柱金黃琉璃瓦,金碧輝煌是遊人每到武漢必遊之處。黃鶴樓是蜚聲海內外的名勝,她瀕臨長江之濱,雄踞蛇山之首,登樓遠眺,極目千里;俯瞰江漢,氣勢磅礴。樓姿之雄偉,居江南三大名樓之首。自古享有『天下絕景』和『天下江山第一樓』的美譽。 -
一森峰格局 在 幸福空間 Youtube 的最讚貼文
2010-06-29 12:25:29#免費諮詢0809000123轉10385 #界陽室內設計 #馬健凱
相關影片請至幸福空間網站www.hhh.com.tw。
現代簡約的時尚表情是界陽設計的拿手設計,黑白奢華是馬健凱設計師的經典語彙,從絢目奢華的迪斯可年代,到時尚優雅的白色情迷,馬健凱設計師都能在不同場域中導入擅長的黑白簡約,形塑專屬每一個屋主的空間表情。人總是不斷向自我挑戰,當一個style已經達到顛峰後,馬健凱設計師向另一個領域挑戰,開創自然人文典雅新格局。
一森峰格局 在 以身嗜法。法國迷航的瞬間 Facebook 的精選貼文
法國觀點:《Taïwan, le prochain repli stratégique de l'Occident ?》
臺灣,西方的下一個戰略撤退?
美國大西洋報刊登China’s ‘Very Tricky Situation’一文之後,法國大西洋報訪問了法國學者的看法。原文翻譯如下:
(文中受訪學者是Barthélémy Courmont是里爾天主教大學的講師,也是IRIS的研究主任,負責亞太部門。)
❓Atlantico: 美國《大西洋報》強調了臺灣在美國和中國的地緣政治角逐中的重要性。讓這個島嶼如此具有戰略意義的原因是什麼?
🟢Barthélemy Courmont : 台灣的重要性並非最近的事,只是受到重新評估。從1950年代起,在朝鮮戰爭的邊緣地帶,臺灣被美國視為防堵共產主義在東亞擴張的堡壘。主要是艾森豪政府中的共和黨政治家,不惜一切代價保衛臺灣以抵禦中國大陸的壓力。這種由兩國之間的協議所確認的戰略重要性,一直持續到冷戰結束,甚至持續到美國承認中國之後。因此,1979年的《臺灣關係法》擴展了兩國的戰略夥伴關係。美蘇兩極對抗結束後,人們對臺灣的興趣發生了變化。台灣在1980年代建立和鞏固了民主制度,臺北政府化身對抗極權政權的民主制度捍衛者,與此同時,臺灣也成為國際經濟中的一個重要角色。另一方面,中國則以天安門事件驟然澆熄了民主化的希望,兩個中國(les deux Chine)的經濟同樣快速起飛(臺灣在這方面先於中國大陸),但採取了相反的政治軌道,造持兩者之間差距越來越深。
在過去的20年裡,中國對國力的宣揚,加上美國逐漸從亞洲撤出,導致人們擔心美國會在亞洲失去所有的影響力。因此,盟國們動員組成了 "反中國陣線"( front anti-chinois),結合對民主的肯定、加強戰略對話並警惕與中國崛起有關的危機。因此,華盛頓不斷重申其與日本和韓國的關係,美國這兩個國家的軍事影響在冷戰結束30年後仍然非常強大。沒有得到外交承認的臺灣,在與中國發生安全危機的情況下,仍然受到華盛頓的保護,至少在其公開的意圖中是如此。鑒於北京和華盛頓之間的競爭日益加劇,臺灣的 "心結"(noeud,借用美國政治學家Richard Bush的說法)因此越來越緊。雖然把臺灣描述為「世界上最危險的地方」似乎略嫌誇張,正如《經濟學人》去年春天的表現,但無可爭議的是,這個擁有2300萬居民的島嶼,其戰略重要性與今天美國和中國之間的權力爭奪密切相關。這裡要提醒的是,中國將台灣視為叛亂省份,並自1949年分離後要求恢復領土。
❓雖然美國已經匆匆從阿富汗撤出,但西方會如此輕易地失去其在臺灣的影響力嗎?這將產生什麼影響?
🟢這不太可能,但同時也應該謹慎行事。為什麼不太可能,因為臺灣的民主政府和島上的絕大多數人(écrasante majorité)將中國視為戰略對手,甚至是對其主權的潛在威脅。在某種程度上,中國是臺灣唯一的敵人,而臺灣是中國唯一的敵人。面對這種威脅,考慮到過去二十年來軍事權力平衡已經改變,北京目前占優勢(別忘了直到2000年代中期,臺灣的軍事能力還能威懾中國),臺北必須依靠能夠提供援助的戰略夥伴。因此,與美國的聯繫是不可或缺的,與日本或歐洲國家之間的合作也是如此,還有東南亞國家。華盛頓的戰略影響在臺灣仍然非常有存在感。
同時,美國這種戰略支持的可信度如何,以及最重要的,臺灣人如何看待這種支持?一個經常被忽視的插曲可以說明狀況。2005年,中國通過了「反分裂法」(loi anti-secession),旨在勸阻陳水扁總統當時主張的臺灣獨立宣言。美國重申其對臺北的戰略支持作為回應,但明確指出,這種支持不是自動的(automatique),在臺北「挑釁」的情況下不適用。換句話說,華盛頓保留干預或撤退的權利,這取決於對具體事件的評估。如果中國對臺灣進行軍事攻擊--順帶一提,這種可能性必須讓我們參考博弈理論(la théorie des jeux)-- ,美國將在該確切時刻判斷介入的程度。而如果在美國看來,是臺灣挑釁北京,那麼美國的承諾很有可能減縮成態度上的宣示。臺灣並不會等到阿富汗的潰敗才意識到戰略對話和軍事承諾之間的區別。
❓從阿富汗撤軍是否反而會讓美國更加專注於與中國在印太地區的決戰?
🟢首先,應該知道,從阿富汗 "撤軍 "是美國在該地區外交政策的失敗,而並非只是部隊移動…。二十年來,中國一直是美國領袖,包括民主黨和共和黨人的心頭大患,而且這種心頭大患還在繼續擴大,有可能會忘記地緣政治不僅僅是兩國之間的拉鋸戰。華盛頓並沒有等到從阿富汗撤軍才認定中國是其一貫的對手,無論該認定是對是錯。在這種格局下,美國不斷尋求鞏固其在亞太地區的盟友網絡,利用口號(印度洋-太平洋是最新的口號)和威脅,有時是真的,有時不太是。QUAD(Quadrilateral Security Dialogue四國峰會)包括日本、澳大利亞和印度以及華盛頓,是拜登政府的優先事項。然而,在這個非常異質的集團本身的限制之外,其成員有時有非常不同的利益,華盛頓召集新的戰略夥伴的能力似乎有限。說服首爾加入QUAD的努力至今沒有成功,而對中國崛起的擔憂非常強烈的東南亞,也沒有被這個集團的邏輯所吸引。再加上這裡提到的所有國家,除印度外,都是與中國一起簽署RCEP(Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership 區域全面經濟夥伴協定)的國家......。簡而言之,中美對決在華盛頓被大力宣傳,但在亞太地區,對該地區的國家和公司而言,其現實情況又是如何?
📌訪問原文連結
https://www.atlantico.fr/article/decryptage/taiwan-le-prochain-repli-strategique-de-l-occident-barthelemy-courmont
📌美國大西洋報文章連結
https://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2021/09/china-taiwan-afghanistan/619950/
一森峰格局 在 Facebook 的最佳貼文
「做一個有骨氣的女人!」
麥肯齊·斯科特離婚當天,發表了一份聲明。
「感謝完成了和貝佐斯的離婚程序。感謝這些年彼此的支援,所有善意關心的人。希望未來我們能繼續以孩子父母的關係相處……對自己的未來計劃感到興奮,感恩過去,憧憬未來。」
讓我覺得這個奇女子不僅有智慧、超然,又能灑脫轉身離開。
而下文中的作者(羅浩楓)為麥肯齊的言行,落下最後註解的一段話,也非常值得再次分享。
「我愛你,便可低到塵埃裡,
心中歡喜,塵埃中也可百花綻放。
但你不配,所以我自塵埃中站起,
如果愛沒了,轉身一定要漂亮。」
🌹 ******🌹 ******🌹
以下貼文來自網路
原文連結🔗http://www.cpfcnews.tw/index.php/opinion/51728-subject
世界女首富(MacKenzie Scott)
再婚,嫁給兒子的高中老師~刷爆了世界頭條。
~編輯:羅浩楓
這個女人51歲,貌不出眾,
離異後,獨自帶著4個孩子。
3月6日,她再婚了,嫁給了兒子的化學老師。
沒有婚禮,沒有請柬,
但這則訊息,還是迅速竄上了頭條,
因為她叫麥肯齊,是世界女首富。
她還有個身份:
前世界首富亞馬遜掌門人貝索斯的前妻。
🔮01
1970年4月7日的舊金山,暴雨。
一位知名理財規劃師的小女兒呱呱墜地。
父親看著女嬰琥珀色的眼睛,若獲至寶,
給她起名“Mackenzie”(麥肯齊),意為“孩童中的智慧領袖”。
家境優渥,父母精心呵護,
女孩亦不負眾望,天資聰穎,
6歲,她寫出了一本142頁的書《書蟲》。
18歲,她考上了世界頂級名校普林斯頓,
師從諾貝爾文學獎獲得者託尼·莫林森,
她擔任過莫里森小說《爵士》的研究助理,
被大師稱為“創意寫作最有天賦的學生。”
雖然文靜內向,但她的才華和天賦,有目共睹。
她像一朵精心呵護的蘭花,含苞待放,
大家期待,這個天才少女將是下一顆文壇新星,
然而,她遇到了貝索斯。
🔮02
當少女麥肯齊牽著狗在海邊別墅寫作時,
貝索斯正在德州喂牛、修風車。
他比麥肯齊大6歲,生於1964年。
後來,人們知道了世界首富貝索斯,
卻不知他本名叫約根森。
他的生父,是村口修自行車的泰德。
母親16歲時偷嚐禁果,並懷了孕,
驚慌失措的兩人偷了家裡的錢,
一路逃到了墨西哥。
在墨西哥,貝索斯出生了。
然而,生父泰德遊手好閒,惡習難改,
加上經濟貧困,
本就青澀的感情在爭吵中消磨殆盡。
在貝索斯不到2歲時,兩人分了手。
21歲那年,母親帶著年幼的他,
改嫁給了15歲時以難民身份移民美國的古巴男人米格爾·貝索斯。
從那天起,約根森改名為貝索斯。
其後母親又生了兩個孩子,
一家人輾轉又回到了德州,母親的故鄉。
雖然曾是難民,但繼父是個大學生,
其後成為了埃克森公司的一名工程師,
10歲那年,貝索斯得知了生父的身份,
從那時起,家中似乎沒有了他的位置,
於是,他幾乎都“長駐”在外祖父的農場,
鋪設管道、飼養奶牛,樣樣精通。
幸好,外祖父疼他,他也聰明勤勉,
憑著優秀的學習成績和全額獎學金,
他也進入了普林斯頓大學。
頂級名校,同學非富即貴,
他深知唯一可仰仗的只有自己。
他放棄了熱愛的物理,轉學有“錢途”的計算機。
此後便是拼命三郎,挑燈夜戰。
1986年大學畢業,他在華爾街找到了一份差事,
此後憑著勤奮和專業,逐漸站穩了腳跟。
其後,他又發現做金融比計算機更賺錢,
於是,又兜兜轉轉了幾家公司,
跳槽到了對衝基金D. E. Shaw & Co。
在這裡,他遇到了剛大學畢業的麥肯齊。
🔮03
他是面試官,她來面試,
少女的青春、才華和聰慧,一下吸引了他。
面試結束後,他開啟了瘋狂追求。
他的一見鍾情,讓她有些不知所措。
她剛畢業,心如白紙,
卻奈何這男人野心勃勃,聰明絕頂,
於是,她很快就淪陷了。
1992年,兩人相識僅6個月,就結了婚。
雖然父母認為貝索斯“外向招搖”,打了問號,
但麥肯齊不在乎。
她說:
“我喜歡他的才華和夢想,我願做他的翅膀。”
婚後,貝索斯就成了她的信仰。
貝索斯說:
“我想創業,我要建立一個電子商務平臺,名字我都想好了,就叫亞馬遜。”
麥肯齊聞言馬上辭了工作,全力支援。
當時,誰都不知道電商是個啥玩意,
更不知道網上還能賣書。
但麥肯齊信,因為這是貝索斯想出來的。
1994年,貝索斯提出要搬到西雅圖,
麥肯齊欣然同意,
於是,她開著車,他坐在副駕駛,
帶著不多的家當,一路奔赴西雅圖。
靠著麥肯齊父母的支援,
兩人在西雅圖開了一家名為“亞馬遜”的小書店。
麥肯齊大著肚子,又當會計,又當司機。
然而,命運並未因她的執著,網開一面。
雖然網上書店上線30天,周銷售額2萬美元,
但是淨收入一直都是0,
畢竟圖書的毛利率很低,再加上人工和運輸成本,
亞馬遜的前期,根本就是在燒錢。
轉眼5年,他們花光積蓄,借遍親友,仍沒成功。
1999年,他們租住在一間只有一居室的房子裡,
麥肯齊邊做財務,邊搬書,還要照顧孩子,
曾經的寫作之夢,變得遙不可及。
就這樣,亞馬遜創下連虧20年的紀錄,
父母投資的30萬美元養老金都燒光了,
貝索斯在頑強畫餅後,也有些心灰意冷,
但麥肯齊卻看著他的眼睛說:
“別放棄,你一定會成功的!”
青春不再,皺紋滿臉,
但她就是一根筋,不管別人怎麼說,
嫁給他,就是毫無怨言地全力託舉。
貝索斯曾經多次公開說:
“麥肯齊是把我從第三世界監獄中救出來的女人。”
終於,她守得雲開見月明。
此後的事情,大家都知道了,
短短几年,亞馬遜在成為獨角獸的道上狂奔。
眼看公司運營步入正軌,蓬勃發展。
她站在他身後,看著他意氣風發,笑得燦爛,
她想:該是迴歸家庭的時候了。
此時,她已經是4個孩子的母親。
她陪他一路登上頂點,
卻在巔峰時悄然身退。
因為,金錢、權力非她所願,
她想要的無非一尺書桌,填些筆墨,家中有他。
🔮04
麥肯齊主動脫離了公司日常管理,
轉而回歸家庭,照顧孩子、寫書,
為貝索斯當起了賢內助。
事業有成,但貝索斯依然對她很好。
結婚的20多年裡,他被外界稱為“寵妻狂魔”,
身家千億的他,自稱“每天下班回家趕著刷碗” 。
外界不只一次拍到他們幸福的畫面。
他形容她:“美麗、仁慈、性感、富有才華……”
不管何時何地,只要她在身邊,
他的眼睛中總是閃爍著小紅心。
結婚25年,她慶幸自己“得償所願,終遇良人”。
2019年,亞馬遜股價一路狂飆,
僅僅1天,貝索斯的資產就增長了百億。
那曾隨母親流浪輾轉的男孩,
成為了全球首富。
2019年,貝索斯以2123億美元身家成為了世界首富,創下了歷史最高財富值。
那天,一向低調的她,
破天荒地穿起一襲紅衣為他慶祝。
卻在人群中看到了一個同樣穿著紅衣的女人,眼中閃過冷冷的光。
她叫勞倫 · 桑切斯,是電視女主播。
女人的直覺讓她感覺不對,
但多年的相濡以沫,讓她很快收斂了心神。
然而,不久後,
她還是看到了這樣的照片。
在狗仔隊的偷拍中,
她看著他們十指緊扣,遊輪親熱,
一起看球,甚至共吃一個冰激凌。
生平第一次,她聽見了自己心碎的聲音。
有媒體曝出了“地表最強首富”發給情人的簡訊:
"I love you, alive girl. "
" 我愛你,你這個有活力的女孩。"
"I love you. I am in love with you."
" 我愛你。我現在正與你熱戀。"
"You make me better.You're meant for me."
" 你讓我成為更好的人。你是我的命中註定。"
還有一些太露骨的,甜瓜就不放了。
她愣愣地怔向窗外,
明明春光明媚,可她的世界已大雪紛飛。
那天,他又晚歸,
她一直等著他,兩人談了一夜,
最後,他哭了,她走了。
🔮05
世界第一富豪,前女主播插足,
25年伉儷分飛,寵妻狂魔覆滅……
隨便哪條都夠勁爆。
全世界都搬沙發等著看戲。
然而,她的殺伐果決讓所有人失望。
第二天,她就提出了離婚,
此後不過2個月,這樁人類史上最貴天價離婚案(標的額高達1440億美元),以光速塵埃落定。
她在自己49歲生日之際,宣佈:
“已和貝佐斯達成了離婚協議。”
亞馬遜是二人白手起家一同打下的江山,
沒有簽署婚前協議,婚內財產本該平分,
加上貝索斯婚內出軌被坐實,
理論上,她可以至少分到700多億美元。
然而,她僅要了1/4的股票,價值358億,
其他的全數留給了前夫。
然後,她又主動放棄了《華盛頓郵報》和太空探索公司Blue Origin的全部股權,價值超40億美元。
坐在桌子對面,她對他說:
“這些全給你,我只要1/4,我應得的。”
然後,她摘下婚戒,扔給他。
“這個也給你,感謝夫妻一場,
感謝你,讓我曾愛過。”
貝索斯愕然,原本請好的律師團歇菜了。
亞馬遜股票幾乎未受影響(跌落僅0.1%),
他元氣未傷,依然牢牢把控著1075億美元股權,
他還是世界首富,只是身邊不再有她。
她沒再看一眼,起身出了門。
呼風喚雨的貝索斯,頃刻間頹然落淚,
隨後他追出了門,
空街上,她好像聽見了他的呼喊,卻沒回頭。
當天,她發了一份聲明:
“感謝完成了和貝佐斯的離婚程式,
感謝這些年彼此的支援,所有善意關心的人,
希望未來我們能繼續以孩子父母的關係相處……
對自己的未來計劃感到興奮,
感恩過去,憧憬未來。”
不博眼球,不鬧狗血,寥寥數語,乾脆灑脫。
我愛你,便可低到塵埃裡,
心中歡喜,塵埃中也可百花綻放。
但你不配,所以我自塵埃中站起,
如果愛沒了,轉身一定要漂亮。
🔮06
離婚後,麥肯齊去掉了夫姓貝索斯,
將從祖父輩沿用的中間名斯科特,作為姓氏。
然後,她成為了“散財天女”。
離婚協議剛敲定時,麥肯齊就加入了“捐贈誓言”,
這個於2010年創立,
原則:承諾捐出一半以上財富用於公益慈善。
麥肯齊一共捐了多少錢?
去年7月起,短短几個月內,
麥肯齊就向公共衛生、氣候變化等116個組織,
捐款了超17億美元。
疫情來了,短短5個月,
她又向食品銀行和緊急救濟基金等慈善組織捐款超41億美元。
每次,她只要出現在公眾視野中,
必然是因為“慈善捐款”。
僅2020一年,麥肯齊就已捐出了近60億美元。
過去的幾個月,
她平均每月捐款超10億美元,捐錢速度世界第一。
現在提到麥肯齊這個名字,
人們都會說:“了不起的麥肯齊!”
還有人管她叫“聖誕老人”。
更有意思的是,儘管拼命捐錢,
但她在福布斯排名不降反升。
今日最新資料顯示:
因為股價飈升,麥肯齊現有資產超570億美元,
位列福布斯億萬富豪榜第13位。
排在第一的,是她的前夫貝索斯,
總身家達到1790億美元。
雖然富可敵國,但他的格局卻人所不齒。
他的摳門,是富豪圈裡出了名的,
世界富豪榜前5名中,
他是唯一沒有加入“捐贈誓言”作出捐款承諾的人。
2020年6月,亞馬遜員工因不滿15美元時薪罷工,
人們甚至在貝索斯的豪宅前,擺了一座斷頭臺。
最終仍然沒有結果,
罷工組織者還被以“違反社交距離”為由開除。
離婚見人品,水落終石出。
離婚2年,麥肯齊又寫了2本書。
眼下,除了“慈善家”和“世界女首富”外,
她重拾了兒時的夢想,成為了一名小說家。
她的小說還獲得了美國圖書獎。
剛剛過去的週末,
她悄悄將自己的個人簡介修改了:
“麥肯齊·斯科特,
兩本小說的作者,美國圖書獎得主。
她和四個孩子、丈夫丹一同住在西雅圖。”
沒有婚禮,沒有新聞釋出,
她低調宣佈了又一次婚姻。
當世人得知,想看看女首富的丈夫時,
恐怕不少人又失望了。
她丈夫名叫丹,
是西雅圖一所私立中學的化學老師。
這個貌不驚人的男人,叫丹·朱伊特,
是美國湖濱中學的一名化學老師。
這是一所百年名校,比爾·蓋茨和保羅·艾倫都曾就讀於此,麥肯齊的兒子也在這裡讀書。
中學老師娶了女首富。
很多人又在懷疑這男人,是為了圖財。
然而,丹老師卻發了一封公開信:
“我大半輩子都是一名教師,
以後也會一直繼續當老師。
現在,因為一個幸福的巧合,
我和我所認識的最慷慨、善良的人喜結良緣,
在此,我和她一起承諾,
將所有財富,全部捐出去,傳遞給他人。”
未來如何,我們不得而知,
只是知道現在的麥肯齊越來越美了。
這世上只有一種真正的英雄主義,
就是看透生活的本相後,依然熱愛生活。
而今她51歲,年過半百,
但微風吹過,她的笑容,
一如當年那個在海邊寫作的小女孩。
相關新聞報導:
「貝佐斯前妻「下嫁」中學老師:離開世界首富後,她活成了自己喜歡的樣子」🔗 https://kkne.ws/zp1de5
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野放台灣五十餘年,貪狼獨坐,三方四正殺破狼格局,少年多舛,白手起家,隨展覽雲遊四海,如閒雲野鶴常持各類底片機流連廢墟、山川、宮廟忘返,遂設幻影堂自詡堂主,一日三省「凡所有相皆是虛妄」,常宅於暗房沖片放大通宵、鍾情黑白世界之單純,彩色照片俗世繽紛花俏做作甜美甚至比現實更現實故少拍也。知天命之年有餘,了悟人生一瞬、眨眼即逝,雖非仙人,亦無道骨,初聞離垢地生清淨心,但離華嚴「不動地」尚遠,待修持也。
2017年盛暑拍畢《巨神連線》,心律不整差點心肌梗塞向閻羅王報到,意識死神隨伺在側,人生苦短,如何了生脫死、盡斷煩惱、無所罣礙、遠離顛倒……總不得解,蒙釋迦摩尼佛開示飆淚三晝夜,聞佛法數載始知自我渺如塵埃,甚感慚愧。閒暇乃參訪名寺古剎,禮敬焚香佛陀菩薩羅漢諸神天仙王爺媽娘,台灣宮廟千奇百怪、宗派錯綜複雜(佛教、道教、一貫道、天主教、基督教、齋教、回教&大同教、儒教鑾堂、天帝教&天德教、慈惠堂&勝安宮、軒轅教、道院、理教、萬國道德會、會靈山……)、神棍橫行(依人不依法、偶像崇拜、斂財、邪淫),因歷史變遷、社會動盪、政治鬥爭、意識形態等因素導致佛道混雜,但地獄造景稀少,後專注拍攝各殿閻王、判官、陰司、獄卒、七爺、八爺乃至一切罪人,各寺造景巧妙、耐人尋味,意境乖張溢於言表,造型扭曲非常人所能塑也,然匠心獨運、自成一格,專研西方藝術數十載方知真誠樸拙最美,絲毫不輸喬托(Giotto di Bondone,1267~1337)乃至米開朗基羅(Michelangelo Di lodovico Buonarroti Simoni 1475 ~ 1564)矣。
創立於1986年的石門金剛宮風景優美可眺望北濱,雖主祀四面佛,儒釋道眾神尊也不含糊,可過七星橋解厄、繞行五百黝黑羅漢敲鑼印心、跪拜亞洲最大臥佛涅槃像,安太歲自不在話下,甲子太歲爺雙眼長出手掌印象甚深,1994年經閻羅王指示廟公建造一條肚內設極樂世界及陰曹地府之神龍,行走暗黑通道觸動感應機關,只見面容猙獰受刑者呼天搶地喊冤、身邊盡是血肉糢糊殘肢敗屍腦漿塗地,十殿閻羅各司其職、威儀攝人。新北市林口區青嶺湖北文紫祥宮包公廟則以壁面彩塑地獄浮雕獨步全台,粉嫩色彩搭配卡漫風格,尤為造型簡直恐怖到可愛透頂,該廟主祀森羅殿閻羅天子包拯(包青天),陽世冤屈者可至此參拜祭解,求破懸案者眾,逢中元普渡皆以紙紮船渡亡魂至彼岸,全台唯一閻羅天子巨像籌備中,四周環繞墓地,適合修不淨觀也。台灣首尊彰化八卦山大佛旁南天宮(1971)地府則是首座電動地府,規模精小但驚嚇度破表,略顯破敗但五光十色仍蠻凶悍,出自已故台南大道長金登富之作,而電動神明起始可追溯至1960年代北港朝天宮。倒是嘉義水上鄉白人牙膏觀光工廠「戴相府」、「將軍府」設置十殿地府出乎意料之外,乾淨亮麗、ㄧ殿ㄧ間、簡單樸實。由高雄蓮潭龍虎塔龍口入內可見全臺唯一交趾陶地獄牆面,尊尊栩栩如生,續入龍身乃進聞聲救苦白衣觀音大士三十三化身浮雕隧道,造型設色甚為古錐。高雄大岡山超峰寺入口處「西方三聖蓮池海會」(阿彌陀佛、觀世音菩薩、大勢至菩薩巨像)旁設靜態十殿閻羅(1970年代初),雖略為陳舊然韻味猶存,續往上行可抵「證菩提道-釋迦如來應化事迹」雕塑園區,一攬世尊畢生精華。如來年邁時,琉璃國王為報長期被釋迦族輕蔑之傲慢心,世尊雖三次單獨伽跌坐 阻擋大軍進攻之路,但因緣果報無法逆轉,昔日婢女所生王子瞋恨無以復加,還是滅了祖國。自持神通第一目犍連不忍無辜百姓慘遭屠殺,遂以缽盛救度五百族人,最終卻化為血水,佛言神通廣大仍不敵千百劫業力,因緣果報屢試不爽。其母死後墜入餓鬼道飢餓難耐,目犍連遂展神通救渡,但所食尚未入口皆化為赤火,佛陀囑咐農曆七月十五日僧眾解安居自恣日,於盆中設甘露美食供養十方僧眾,因此超度亡母。後世「盂蘭盆法會」乃至「水懺法會」、「瑜珈焰口法會 」皆為消業障、斷塵垢之超渡儀軌,既渡亡魂也自懺悔。
台南麻豆代天府規模宏大、造型豔麗,不但可遊十八層地獄尚可逛天堂(1979年興建,1983年開放),燈光絢爛、聲響駭人,獨自漫步宛如觀落陰、地獄走一回。先過「心頭山」、入「清心池」、進「陰陽界」、抵「交簿廳」、達「鬼門關」、遊「補經所」、探「枉死城」、行「奈何橋」,至ㄧ殿泰廣王照「孽鏡台」現造惡原形,睹抱柱、火床等小地獄。二殿楚江王開「陰查簿 」判案定奪,觀糞尿泥、餓鬼、舞池、寒冰、膿血、鞭韃、舌犁、劍葉、戟腹拋接、砧截……等小地獄。三殿宋帝王刑罰為倒吊、銅鐵刮臉、挖眼、搗樁、倒烤、吸血、穿肋、抽筋、蛆蛀等小地獄……兼遊「四生(胎、卵、濕、化)回魂府」。四殿五官王掌管腰斬、拔舌、沸湯、刺嘴、剝皮、箭樹、車崩、射眼……等十六小地獄。隨五殿森羅王豋「望鄉臺」回眸親人最終眼後觀擊膝、誅心、刀山、飛刀火石……小地獄。六殿卞城王別稱「大叫喚大地獄」,轄火牛、虎啖、噬腎、鉗嘴含鍼、釘喉、磨摧、砍頭……等小地獄。七殿泰山王為「熱惱大地獄」,窺烙手指、抽腸、頂石蹲身、油釜滾烹、割舌穿腮……等十六小地獄。八殿都市王掌管「大熱惱大地獄」兼火狗、鐵汁、鐵蛇、鋸劈斷肢、釘板、灸脊、鐵丸、磅秤……等小地獄。九殿平等王直轄十八層「阿鼻大地獄」,直透地心、內中陰森、不見五指、滿溢地漿,皆為極犯,另轄紫赤毒蛇鑽孔、夾頂、鐵鴉、針雨、蜂蠍……等小地獄。至十殿輪轉王上「觀生臺」、「轉劫所八司」(查驗司 、稽善司 、考過司 、恩怨司 、壽命司 、支配司、掌劫司 、授生司)後至「孟婆亭」飲「醧忘湯」忘盡前塵往事,依前世功德過金、銀、玉、石、木、竹六種橋樑至「轉輪臺(紫河車)」入六道輪迴轉生投胎。據《十八泥犁經》記載,人過世後七七四十九天為「中陰生」,經閻羅王審判善惡業力判定去留或懲罰百千萬劫,犯五逆重罪則墮入「無間地獄(阿鼻地獄)」永劫不復。地藏王乃幽冥教主,統轄十殿閻羅,逢三曹普渡便在各殿設「講道所」超度尚存善根之鬼魂。
人類居於五趣(阿修羅、人、傍生、餓鬼、地獄)雜居地五濁惡世之堪忍世界,犯十惡業(殺生、偷盜、邪淫、妄語、兩舌、惡口、綺語、貪慾、嗔恚、愚痴)者必墮三趣惡道。如何出「三界」(欲界、色界、無色界)二十八天?凡人無此意識,別說能破「十二因緣」(無明、行、識、名色、六入、觸、受、愛、取、有、生、老死)還滅門,更別想斷除「四聖諦」(苦、集、滅、道)集地八十一品見惑與八十八使思惑(五利使-身見、邊見、邪見、見取見、戒禁取見、五鈍使-貪、瞋、癡、慢、疑),了悟「五蘊」(色、受、想、行、識)本空、「十二入」(眼、耳、鼻、舌、意、色、聲、香、味、觸、法)空、「十八界」空,破俱生我執與分別我執、法執甚至空執,生十一處「善心所」(信、精進、慚、愧、無貪、無瞋、無痴、輕安、不放逸、行捨、不害),降二十六處「惡心所」(貪、瞋、癡、慢、疑、惡見、忿、恨、覆、惱、嫉、慳、誑、諂、害、憍、無慚、無愧、掉舉、惛沉、不信、懈怠、放逸、失念、散亂、不正知),須知善根斷盡則陷永劫輪迴、無垠轉世之苦。
地獄可能空滅嗎?若地獄空乏人間多鬼怪,地獄淨空世間何嘗非淨土?若能證空性何處現地獄?
地獄曠古來便廣泛流傳各部族間,老死生滅為自然運行之基礎、宇宙意識之核心,然今文明昌盛如咱城邦並非慾望消弭之所,惡性所及實無可根除,礙於憲法國家法律社會軍隊企業公司學校家庭團體之層層束縛不亞於十八層,乃遁於壓抑、束己情懷,暗埋心底、日久貪嗔痴慢疑怨噌會疊穢。而六塵未熄,心多妄念,妖魔鬼怪魑魅魍魎孤魂閃靈出沒於荒郊乃至人間,會靈於曠野密林以增性靈乃出世高人修煉之舉,我等凡人擅闖宛如迪士尼般之人造地獄,三魂七魄尚不足以出竅,驚邪恐怖淒厲猙獰倒滿足了自以為是的慚愧,豈不謬哉?
病毒肆虐年半有餘,全球確診者逼近一億八千萬,枉死者近四百萬,堪比戰爭規模,望眾生發慈悲心、令往生者安息、善待其他物種、平等有情眾生。地獄本空,唯妄念生起一切羨慕嫉妒恨而地獄現前。盡以此書作為世界新冷戰獨裁者、超限戰者、暗網駭客、陰險狡猾冷嘲熱諷落井下石者之良知備忘錄矣。
姚瑞中寫於2021年端午節
Postscript
I have been living recklessly in Taiwan for more than fifty years. According to Zi Wei Dou Shu (Purple Star Astrology), Tan Lang is the sole star in my house of Self. This star, which represents xxx, forms an equilateral triangle with that star Qi Sha and Po Jun on the square chart and constitutes a Sha Po Lang pattern. The pattern indicates a kind of turbulence and change, a life of wandering with ups and downs and it tells a lot about my life. After my ill-fated youth, I started from scratch and traveled around the world with exhibitions that I participated. Like a flaneur, I wandered around ruins, nature, and temples with every type of film camera obliviously. Thus, I founded the Hall of Illusion and claimed to be the master of the hall. Several times a day, I pondered a quote from the Diamond Sutra, “Everything with form is unreal.” In addition, I usually stayed in the darkroom developing film and enlarging those negatives overnight. However, I treasured the simplicity of the black and white world. The earthly, gaudy, garish, phony and pleasing qualities within colored photos make the images even more realistic than the real world. It is not my cup of tea, so I seldom took colored photos. In Confucian thought, the age of fifty marks the stage knowing the mandate of Heaven. I am now at my fifties and realize how ephemeral human life is. However, I am not an immortal, nor having sagelike characteristics. I just learned that the stage of stainless (the second bhūmi) and develop a pure mind that is free from doubt and defilement. However, I’m still far from the immovable state and need to practice.
In the summer of 2017, after filming the work Incarnation, I experienced a severe heart rhythm problem which almost triggered myocardial infarction and could have killed me. Consequently, I realized that death was waiting for me and the life is too short to figure out how I can liberate myself from the cycle of Birth and Death. I couldn’t comprehend how to be free from all afflictions and worries and how to avoid delusive ideas. I wept for three days and nights after being enlightened by Shakyamuni Buddha. Up to the moment, I felt ashamed that I failed to realize that the self is as insignificant as dust after these years learning and practicing Buddhism. Since then, I have visited famous temples and monasteries in my spare time, worshiping Buddha, Bodhisattvas, arhats, and all the deities and immortals. Taiwan’s temples are myriad with a enormous number of sects, including Buddhism, Taoism, Yiguandao, Catholicism, Christianity, Chinese religions of fasting, Islam& Baháʼí Faith, Confucianism, Tiandiism& Tian-De Teachings, Xiwangmu cult, Yellow Emperor Sect, Precosmic Salvationism, Liism, World Wide Ethical Society, séance cult, etc. Some people even claim that they can mediate communication between the deities or spirits of the dead with human beings, having their believer rely on themselves instead of the orthodox dharma or dogma and pay excessive respect and admiration for the mediums or objects, accumulating wealth through such an unfair means or even harassing their believer sexually. Due to Taiwan’s historical changes, social turbulence, political struggles, and ideological issues, Buddhism and Taoism are somehow mixed. However, there are few emphases on the concept of the hell. As I took photographs of Yama of each court, judges, wardens of the underworld, jailers, General Fan and Hsieh (the ghost escorts) and all sinners, I found few temples cleverly created hellish scenes that are intriguing, exaggerating, and extraordinary. However, the creations are unparalleled unique. I have been studying Western arts for decades and then I came to realize that simplicity makes the most beautiful works of art. These hellish scenes can even compete with works of Giotto di Bondone (1267-1337) and Michelangelo Di lodovico Buonarroti Simoni (1475-1564).
Jingang Temple Shimen District, founded in 1986, overlooks the beautiful North shore. Although the temple is mainly dedicated to Phra Phrom (the Thai representation of Mahabrahma), spirits of Confucianism, Buddhism, and Taoism can also be founded in the temple. The worshipper can go cross the Seven Star bridge to relieve bad luck, walk along the five hundred arhat statues and knock on the gong to affirm one’s Buddha nature. Furthermore, the worshipper can also prostrate themself before Asia’s largest statue of Buddha in Nirvana (the Reclining Buddha statue) and pacify the Taoist Tai Sui deity of the year. I was impressed by the Jia-Zi Tai Sui General that a pair of palms grow out of his eyes. In 1994, the biō-kong (the person taking charge of the temporal affairs of a temple) received a divine inspiration from Yama (the King of Hell) that he had to build a sacred hall in the shape of a divine dragon, with the interior designed according to the World of Ultimate Bliss and the Underworld. When the visitor walks in the dark hallway, they will see the tortured people (dioramas, of course) scrunching their faces and crying bitterly and loudly in excessive grief as the visitor triggers the mechanism. One will even find them in the midst of flesh, body liquid and blood, mutilated limbs, and rotten corpses. While each of the ten Yamas are focusing on their own duties, showing their sacred dignity that collect visitors’ attention. The Baogong Temple in Linkou District, New Taipei City exclusively features colorful depiction of hellish scenes in relief in Taiwan. With its pastel shades and cartoon-like style, the relief is both grotesque and adorable at the same time. This temple is dedicated to Bao Zhen (also known as Justice Bao) representing the incarnation of Yama. Living people who have been treated unjustly can come worshipping Bao Gong and receive exorcism. Therefore, many people come here for seeking to solve unsolved cases. In Zhongyuan Festival (the ghost festival), the temple will burn the Zhizha (paper craft) boat to ferry the ghosts to the other shore, which is the shore of enlightenment. The only giant statue of Yama in Taiwan is still in the making. The temple is surrounded by a cemetery, suitable for meditating on the loathsomeness and impurity. Nantian Temple (1971), located next to the Eight Trigram Mountains Buddha in Changhua, features the first animatronic underworld. Despite the small size, the animatronic underworld is intensely shocking. Though it’s slightly worn, the colorful dioramas are still brutally ferocious. The creator was the late venerable Dao Zhang (Taoist priest) Jing Deng-fu while the origin of animatronic deities can be traced back to the 1960s Beigang Chaotian Temple. On the contrary, the Whiteman Toothpaste Tourism Factory in Shuishang Township, Chiayi, features ten Yamas with individual booth. The place is unexpectedly clean and polished yet keeps a simple and modest tone. Then, the Dragon Pagoda of the Dragon and Tiger Pagodas at Lotus Lake in Zuoying, Kaohsiung, holds the only relief of hellish scenes made of Kochin ceramic. All the figures are vivid and life-like. If one goes further into the pagoda, they will see a relief tunnel of the thirty-three incarnations of the white-robed form of Guanyin (Avalokiteśvara) on a white lotus, with a lovely and interesting design. Another Hall of Yama is built in the 1970s next to the entrance of Dagangshan Chaofeng Temple, located in the Alian District of Kaohsiung. Visitors will also see three statues of the Three Holy Ones of the Western Pureland (Amitābha, Avalokiteśvara, Mahāsthāmaprāpta) which assemble at a lotus pond. Although the hellish scene looks somewhat antiquated, you may still find its previous charm. If one goes further, they will reach the sculptural garden of “Attaining the Bodhi Way: the Incarnation of Sakyamuni Buddha,” where the visitor can see the essence of Bhagavato’s (meaning the Blessed one, one of the common epithets for Buddha) life. When Tathāgata (another epithet for Buddha) was old, the king of Kosala wanted to avenge the arrogance of the tribe of Shakyas who had long despised him, regarding him as a son of a maiden. Although Buddha has sat in lotus position alone three times to stop the army from attacking his tribe. However, one can never reverse the cause and following karma. The prince born of a maiden was so furious that he eventually destroyed his homeland. Maudgalyāyana (one of the Buddha’s closest disciples), who is said to have had supernatural abilities that surpassed the other disciples, could not bear to see the slaughter of innocent people. Thus, he saved five hundred people of his tribe with a pātra (an eating utensil of Buddhist monks). Unfortunately, everything he did was in vain, those who were saved eventually turned into a puddle of blood. The Buddha said that the supernatural abilities cannot surpass the power of karma. The cause and effect work all the time. When Maudgalyāyana’s mother fell into the path of hungry ghost, he used his supernatural abilities to save his mother from hunger. However, all the food turned into fire before being fed to his mother. Later, the Buddha commanded the monks to put nectar and dishes in a basin on the 15th day of the seventh month in the lunar calendar for the monks from all directions to free his mother from reincarnation. In later times, the Ullambana Dharma Service, the Compassionate Samadhi Water Repentance, and the Yoga Collection for Feeding the Searing Mouths Dharma Service are rituals to eliminate karmic hindrance and to cease to worldly delusions. Through such practices, one can free the dead as well as confess their repentance.
Madou Daitian Temple is a magnificent and colorful temple in Tainan. Not only can the worshippers visit the eighteen levels of Hell but also the Heaven (it was built in 1979 and inaugurated in 1983) here. The lighting and sound effects are stunning and frightening. When walking alone in the space, one may feel like taking a Guan Luo Yin trip (a Taoist necromancy which leads people’s spirits to hell and communicate with the dead ones) to visit the underworld prison. Before arriving the first court of the underworld, the visitor will walk through the Mountain of Heart Summit, the Pure Heart Pond, the Frontier between the Living and the Dead Realms, the Soul Registry Hall, the Portico of Demons, the Center for Complementary Teaching of Canonical Books, the Citadel of Premature Death, and the Bridge of Vanity. When one arrives at the first court, they will see King Chin-guang, who is in charge of the court, using the Mirror of Retribution to show the earthly form of evil creatures and also witness the sub-hell of Pillar-Holding and Fire Bed, etc. At the second court, King Chu-jiang collates the register of sins the souls of the dead have committed to impose the punishments. Here, you will see the sub-hell of Excrement and Urine, Hungry Ghost, Burning Dance Floor, Ice, Pus and Blood, Whipping, Tongue-Raking, Sword Blade, Stomach-Piercing, Chopping, etc. Next, the dead at the third court, ruled by King Song-di, will receive the punishments including inversion tortures, face-skinning with steel and copper knife, eye-wrenching, pounding, blood-sucking, rib-piercing, roasting, tendon-taking, being eaten by maggots. The visitor can pay a visit to the Palace of Soul-Resuscitation for the Four Forms of Creatures (birth from an egg, birth from a womb, birth from moisture, and birth by transformation). King Wu-guan is in charge of the fourth court. There are sixteen sub-hells at the fourth court including Waist Chop, Tongue Removal, Boiling Pond, Mouth-stabbing, Skin-peeling, Sword Tree, Burning Wheels and Cart, Eye-shooting, etc. Next, at the fifth court, sinful souls are allowed to ascend the Tower of Hometown-Viewing to take a final look of their family. The visitor will witness sub-hells of Knee-striking, Heart-slicing, Blade Mountain, Flying Swords and Burning Stones, etc. The King of Bian City takes charge of the sixth court, which is also known as the “Great Hell of Screaming,” with sub-hells including Fire Cattle, Tiger-Biting, Kidney-Eating, Mouth-Poking, Throat-Nailing, Iron Mill, Decapitation, etc. The King of Tai-shan is in charge of the seventh court, the “Great Hell of Heat and Fire.” The sixteen sub-hells at this court include Finger-Searing, Bowel-Hauling, Stone-Bearing, Boiling Oil, Tongue-Removal and Cheek-Piercing, etc. Next, the King Du-shi is in charge of the eighth court, the “Great Hell of Intense Fire and Heat,” and the sub-hells including Fire Dogs, Molten Iron, Iron Snakes, Dismemberment, Steel Spikes, Burning-Marrow, Iron Ball, Scale, etc. The ninth court is ruled by the King Ping-deng. It is known as the biggest court, Avici Hell (the Hell of Incessant Suffering), which if the lowest level of the hell realm and the interior is gloomily and terrifyingly dark. Those who committed the most serious evil deed will be sent to the Avici Hell. Sub-hells such as Poisonous Snake, Brain-Removal, Crow-Gnawing, Raining Needles, Wasps and Scorpions are included at this court. After arriving the tenth court, ruled by the Great King of the Reincarnation Palace, one can visit the “Observatory of Life on earth” and the “eight bureaus of the Reincarnation Palace” (including the Bureau of Judicial Control, the Bureau of Good-Actions, the Bureau of Bad-Actions, the Bureau of Debts, Gratitude, and Vengeance, the Bureau of Longevity and Destiny, the Bureau of Familial Ties, the Bureau of the Reincarnated, and the Bureau of Birth). The sinful one will be sent to the Pavilion of Mengpo and made to drink the Soup of Forgetfulness to forget all past affairs. According to the sinful one’s merits of previous life, they will go across one of the six bridges (gold, silver, jade, stone, wood, bamboo) to the “Reincarnation-Wheel (Wheel on the Crimson River).” Finally, one is able to reborn in the six realms. According to the Aṣṭadaśa nāraka sutra ( the Eighteen Hells Sutra), after one passes away, they will enter an intermediate and transitional state between death and rebirth, known as antarābhava in Sanskrit, for forty-nine days. The being will be evaluated by Yama, who will decide if one should get reborn or get punished at the hell. Those who committed the Five Grave Offenses (killing one’s father, killing one’s mother, killing an Arhat, shedding the blood of a Buddha, and creating a schism within the community of Buddhist monks and nun who practice for attaining enlightenment.) will be sent to the Avici Hell and stay there eternally. Kṣitigarbha is the Lord of the Nether World, ruling the ten court of Hell. The lord will set up the “Hall of Teaching” at each court to salvage those sinful ones who still obtain few merits at the offering rituals.
Human beings live the Sahā world (sahāloka in Sanskrit, meaning “endurance of suffering,” a concept of mundane world in Mahāyāna Buddhism) where they share with other reincarnations (including beings of the hells, of the preta, and of malevolent nature spirits) with five turbidities (the Kalpa turbidity, the view turbidity, the affliction turbidity, the living beings turbidity, and the life turbidity). Those who commit the ten evil deeds (killing, stealing, adultery, lying, using immoral language, slandering, equivocating, coveting, anger, and false views) must fall into the three evil paths (animals, preta, and hell). However, how can one escape from the three realms/ twenty-eight heavens (including the six heavens of the desire realm, the eighteen heavens of the form realm, and the four heavens of the formless realm)? Worldly people who don’t have such an awareness cannot leave the cycle of the twelve nidanas (meaning causes or motivations), let alone eliminate the eighty-one afflictions (that have been produced due to misunderstanding regarding reality) and the eighty-eight illusions (including five afflictions of advanced practitioners, also known as five views: view of self, extreme view, evil view, view of attachment to views, and view of morality; and five unintelligent temptations: desire, anger, stupidity, arrogance, and doubt) of thought within the three realms and four Arya satyas (noble truths, including suffering, arising, ending, and path). They cannot realize that the essence of the five skandhas (referring to aggregates of clinging, including the matter of form, sensation, recognition, mental formation, and consciousness) , the twelve ayatana (meaning sense base, including six internal bases: eye, ear, nose, tongue, body, and mind and six external bases: visible objects, sound, odor, taste, touch, and mental objects), and the eighteen dhātavah (meaning compositional elements of human existence, including six consciousness, six faculties, and their objects) are the emptiness and the void. Furthermore, they cannot dispel the two reasons for clinging to the idea of the self and the attachment to elemental constructs and even believe in the two (false) tenets that that karma and nirvana are not real and that the ego and phenomena are real. As a consequence, they fail to develop the eleven wholesome mental factors (faith, energy, conscience, being ashamed, non-attachment, non-aggression, non-delusion, calmness, equanimity, conscientiousness, and non-injuriousness) and cease the sixteen unwholesome mental factors (desire, greed, anger, delusion, arrogance, doubt, wrong view, wrath, enmity, hypocrisy, vexation, jealousy, parsimony, deceit, flattery, harming, ambitiousness, stupidity, lacking of faith, idleness, being unrestrained, forgetting, distraction, non-discernment, ). One must bear in mind that once all our virtuous roots are discontinued, they will be trapped in the never-ending reincarnation and the suffering of infinite continuity.
Is it possible that the hell will be empty one day? If the beings in hell will become extinct while evil spirits inhabit the mundane world, the world could be considered as a pure land. If we could witness the nature of the void, then hell will exist no more.
Since ancient times, the concept of hell has been widely spread among all tribes. Aging, death, beginning, and end are the basis of nature and the core of cosmic consciousness. However, the prosperous civilization as our island is not a place where desire can be eliminated. It’s impossible to eradicate evil nature. Since fetters brought by the constitution, the state, the law, society, the military, corporations, schools, families, and groups are not less than the eighteen levels of hell, the mortals repress themselves, bury their feelings. Day after day, greed, anger, stupidity, arrogance, doubt, and resentment are stacking. However, since the six dust (visible objects, sound, odor, taste, touch, and mental objects) has not yet been extinguished, people in the mundane world are still full of delusions. The demons, devils, evil spirits, and the wondering dead exist in the wilderness, while only advanced practitioners with transcendent would attempt to make contact with the dead in the wasteland and forest. Worldly people like us trespass in Disneyland-like man-made hell. It is absurd and ridiculous that the hellish scenes cannot stop us from perpetrating evil deeds, but the horrific and cruel scenes yet satisfy our self-righteous shame.
The pandemic has been boiling over for more than a year and a half. The number of infected patients worldwide is nearly a hundred and eighty million, and the death toll has risen to four million, which is equivalent to a war crisis. I hope that we can all be compassionate, give peace to the dead, treat all sentient beings well and equally. The hell is innately empty; however, deluded and misleading thoughts would give rise to all jealousy and hatred and then manifest the hell before us. This book merely serves as a memorandum of conscience for dictators of the world’s new cold war, supporters of unrestrained warfare, dark web hackers, and those who are cunning and contemptuous and maltreat others when knowing they have problems.
June 2021,
Yao Jui-chung